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Pinales

Pinopsida - Pinales

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1904Pinales Gorozhankin p. 88
1983Pinales Hueber p. 271
1984Pinales Meyen p. 90
2001Pinales Doweld p. xix
2013Pinales Chatterjee et al.
2016Pinales Iglesias p. 363

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
phylumPinophyta
RankNameAuthor
classPinopsidaBurnett 1833
orderPinales
orderPinales

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Pinales Gorozhankin 1904
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G. †Amydrostrobus Harris 1935
+
G. †Bartholinodendron Florin 1958
+
Fm. Cephalotaxaceae Neger 1907
+
G. †Thomasiocladus Florin 1958
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†Thomasiocladus zamioides Leckenby 1864
G. †Frenelites Endlicher 1847
+
†Frenelites recurvatus Bowerbank 1840
G. †Glenrosa Watson and Fisher 1984
G. †Gomphostrobus Marion 1890
+
G. †Heidiphyllum Retallack 1981
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†Heidiphyllum elongatum Morris 1845
G. †Hoegisporis Cookson 1961
+
†Hoegisporis uniforma Cookson 1961
G. †Juniperites Brongniart 1828
+
†Juniperites alienus Sternberg 1825
G. †Pandanocarpum Brongniart 1828
Fm. Pinaceae Rudolphi 1830
+
G. †Abiespollenites Raatz 1938
+
†Abiespollenites kashmirensis Thiergart and Frantz 1962
Subfm. Abietoideae Bercht and Presl
+
G. Abies Miller 1754 [fir]
+
Abies balsamea Linnaeus 1753
†Abies concoloroides Brown 1940
+
Invalid names: Pinus webbiana Wallich 1828 [synonym]
G. Keteleeria Carrière 1866
+
†Keteleeria ezoana Tanai 1961
†Keteleeria farjonii Wheeler et al. 2023
G. Pseudolarix Gordon and Glendinning 1858
G. Tsuga Carrière 1855
+
Tsuga mertensiana Bongard 1832
†Tsuga miosieboldiana Ozaki 1974
†Tsuga nanfengensis Bondarenko et al. 2015
†Tsuga xianfengensis Xing and Zhou 2013
G. †Archaeolarix Teslenko 1970
+
†Archaeolarix argunensis Teslenko 1970
G. †Cedroxylon Kraus 1870
+
†Cedroxylon hermanni Schenk 1882
†Cedroxylon withami Lindley and Hutton 1832
G. Cedrus Trew 1757 [cedar]
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Cedrus deodara Roxburgh 1824
†Cedrus leei Fontaine 1905
G. †Colchidia Kolakovskii and Schakryl 1968
+
†Colchidia angustissima Kolakovskii and Schakryl 1968
G. †Eathiestrobus Rothwell et al. 2012
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†Eathiestrobus mackenziei Rothwell et al. 2012
G. †Indostrobus Sahni 1931
+
G. †Megalomyelon Cribbs 1940
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†Megalomyelon myriodesmon Cribbs 1940
G. †Midoriphyllum Stockey and Wiebe 2008
G. †Nansenia Sveshnikova and Budantsev 1967
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†Nansenia arctica Sveshnikova and Budantsev 1967
G. †Obirastrobus Ohsawa et al. 1992
G. †Piceapollenites Potonié
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†Piceapollenites naeransus Mathur and Mathur 1969
G. †Piceoxylon Gothan 1906
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†Piceoxylon pseudotsugae Gothan 1906
G. †Pinicutis Schneider 1969
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†Pinicutis hexacytica Schneider 1969
Subfm. Pinoideae Linnaeus
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G. Cathaya Chun and Kuang 1962
G. Larix Miller 1768 [larch]
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†Larix churchbridgensis Penhallow 1892
Larix laricina Koch 1873
G. Picea Dietrich 1824 [spruce]
+
Picea alba Link 1842
†Picea albertensis Penhallow 1908
†Picea cliffwoodensis Berry 1906
†Picea columbiensis Penhallow 1907 [spruce]
†Picea harrimani Knowlton 1904
Picea mariana Miller 1768
†Picea quilchensis Penhallow 1908
Picea sitchensis Bongard 1832
Picea smithiana Wallich 1832 [morinda spruce]
†Picea tranquillensis Penhallow 1908
G. Pseudotsuga Carrière 1867
+
†Pseudotsuga huziokana Ozaki 1974
†Pseudotsuga miocena Penhallow 1903
Pseudotsuga taxifolia Lambert 1803
G. †Pinoxylon Knowlton 1900
G. Pinus Linnaeus 1753 [pine]
+
†Pinus andraei Coemans 1867
†Pinus anthraciticus Dawson 1892
†Pinus armstrongi Heer 1868
Pinus attenuata Lemmon 1892
†Pinus bathursti Heer 1868
†Pinus bowerbanki Carruthers 1878
Pinus canadensis Linnaeus 1763
Pinus caribaea Morelet 1855
†Pinus columbiana Penhallow 1907
†Pinus conoides Perkins 1904
†Pinus cuneatus Perkins 1904
†Pinus delicatulus Berry 1904
†Pinus dixoni Gardner 1890
Pinus echinata Miller 1768
†Pinus florissanti Lesquereux 1883
†Pinus fordi Chandler 1978
†Pinus gracilistrobus Knowlton 1899
†Pinus granulatum Heer 1883
†Pinus hambachi Kirchner 1898
†Pinus iddingsi Knowlton 1899
†Pinus lardyana Heer 1855
†Pinus lindgreni Knowlton 1901
†Pinus lundgreni Nathorst 1878
†Pinus macclurii Heer 1868
†Pinus macrocephala Lindley and Hutton 1834
†Pinus macrolepis Knowlton 1899
Pinus massoniana Lambert 1803
†Pinus mattewanensis Berry 1903
†Pinus miocenica Tanai 1961
†Pinus nanfengensis Wang et al. 2017
†Pinus nordenskioeldi Heer 1876
†Pinus peregrinus Hickey 1977
†Pinus prekesiya Xing et al. 2010
†Pinus prelambertiana Axelrod 1958
†Pinus premurrayana Knowlton 1899
†Pinus prestwichi Gardner 1884
†Pinus protoscleropitys Holden 1913
†Pinus quenstedti Heer 1869
†Pinus quinquefolia Hollick and Jeffrey 1909
Pinus radiata Don 1837
†Pinus raritanensis Berry 1910
Pinus rigida Miller 1768
Pinus roxburghii Sargent 1897 [chir pine]
†Pinus scituatensiformis Bailey 1911
†Pinus shastensis Fontaine 1905
†Pinus sheppyensis Ettinghausen and Gardner 1879
†Pinus steenstrupiana Heer 1908
Pinus strobus Linnaeus 1753
†Pinus sturgisi Cockerell 1908
†Pinus susquaensis Dawson 1882
Pinus taeda Linnaeus 1753
†Pinus tetraphylla Jeffrey 1908
†Pinus triphylla Hollick and Jeffrey 1909
†Pinus trunculus Dawson 1888
†Pinus tulameenensis Penhallow 1908
†Pinus uniseriata Wang et al. 2017
†Pinus vernonensis Ward 1905
+
Invalid names: Pinus schista Ward 1905 [synonym]
†Pinus vulcaniamniensis Ellenberger 1970
Pinus wallichiana Jackson 1938 [blue pine]
†Pinus wardii Knowlton 1899
†Pinus wheeleri Cockerell 1908
G. †Pinuspollenites Raatz 1938
+
†Pinuspollenites entomophilus Krassilov 1982
†Pinuspollenites globosaccus Filatoff 1975
G. †Pityosporites Seward 1914
+
†Pityosporites potoniaei Lakhanpal et al. 1959
†Pityosporites sewardii Virkki 1946
G. †Pityostrobus Dutt 1916
+
†Pityostrobus beardii Smith and Stockey 2002
†Pityostrobus californiensis Smith and Stockey 2001
†Pityostrobus macrocephalus Lindley and Hutton 1916
G. †Pseudoaraucaria Fliche 1896
+
G. †Pseudolaricixylon Khudaiberdyev 1958
+
†Pseudolaricixylon firmoides Khudaiberdyev 1958
G. †Protolarix Saporta 1876
Fm. Sciadopityaceae Luerssen 1877
+
G. †Sciadopitophyllum Christophel 1973
+
†Sciadopitophyllum canadense Christophel 1973
G. †Sciadopitycutis Schneider 1969
+
G. Sciadopitys Siebold and Zuccarini 1842
G. †Striaestrobus Velenovsky and Viniklar 1926
+
†Striaestrobus bohemicus Velenovsky and Viniklar 1926
G. †Striatotaxus Bock 1969
+
†Striatotaxus longifolia Emmons 1856
Fm. Taxaceae Gray 1822 [yew]
+
Subfm. †Abietineae
+
G. †Abietineaepollenites Delcourt and Sprumont 1955
+
†Abietineaepollenites ellipticus Kar and Sah 1970
†Abietineaepollenites robustus Kar and Sah 1970
G. †Elatides Heer 1876
+
†Elatides brandtiana Heer 1876
†Elatides curvifolia Dunker 1846
†Elatides falcata Heer 1876
†Elatides ovalis Heer 1876
G. †Laricopsis Fontaine 1889
+
†Laricopsis angustifolia Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Laricopsis brevifolia Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Laricopsis longifolia Fontaine 1889
G. †Paracedroxylon Sinnott 1909
+
G. †Pinites Lindley and Hutton 1831
+
†Pinites pannonicus Unger 1845
G. †Pityoxylon Kraus 1870
+
†Pityoxylon aldersoni Knowlton 1898
†Pityoxylon amethystinum Knowlton 1899
†Pityoxylon annulatum Platen 1907
†Pityoxylon anomalum Holden 1913
†Pityoxylon columbina Penhallow 1907
†Pityoxylon dakotense Knowlton 1900
†Pityoxylon fallax Felix 1896
†Pityoxylon foliosum Holden 1913
†Pityoxylon hollicki Knowlton 1897
†Pityoxylon inaequale Felix 1886
†Pityoxylon krausei Felix 1886
†Pityoxylon macclurii Cramer 1870
†Pityoxylon pealei Knowlton 1896
†Pityoxylon sandbergeri Kraus 1870
†Pityoxylon scituatense Jeffrey and Chrysler 1906
†Pityoxylon statenense Jeffrey and Chrysler 1906
†Pityoxylon vateri Platen 1907
G. †Prepinus Jeffrey 1908
+
†Prepinus statenensis Jeffrey 1908
†Prepinus viticetensis Jeffrey 1910
G. †Takliostrobus Sahni 1931
+
†Takliostrobus alatus Sahni 1931
G. Amentotaxus Pilger 1917 [catkin-yew]
Subfm. †Cupressineae
+
G. †Cupressites Brongniart 1828
+
†Cupressites cookii Newberry 1868
†Cupressites hulmanni Brongniart 1828
G. †Moriconia Debey and Ettingshausen 1859
+
†Moriconia americana Berry 1910
†Moriconia cyclotoxon Debey and Ettingshausen 1859
G. †Paracupressinoxylon Holden 1913
+
†Paracupressinoxylon potomacense Sinnott and Bartlett 1916
G. †Thuyoxylum Unger 1842
+
†Thuyoxylon americanum Unger 1852
†Thuyoxylum juniperinum Unger 1842
G. †Florinia Sveshnikova 1967
+
†Florinia vilujensis Sveshnikova 1967
G. †Palaeocladus Ettingshausen 1886
+
†Palaeocladus cuneiformis Ettingshausen 1886
+
G. †Nageiopsis Fontaine 1889
+
†Nageiopsis angustifolia Fontaine 1889
†Nageiopsis longifolia Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Nageiopsis crassicaulis Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Nageiopsis obtusifolia Fontaine 1889
†Nageiopsis zamioides Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Nageiopsis decrescens Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Nageiopsis heterophylla Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Nageiopsis microphylla Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Nageiopsis ovata Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Nageiopsis recurvata Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
G. †Palissya Endlicher 1847
+
†Palissya braunii Endlicher 1847
†Palissya brevifolia Emmons 1857
†Palissya diffusa Emmons 1856
+
Invalid names: Walchia gracile Emmons 1857 [synonym]
†Palissya longifolia Wherry 1916
†Palissya oldhamii Feistmantel 1876
†Palissya pectinea Feistmantel 1876
†Palissya sphenolepis Braun 1843
G. †Podocarpites Andra 1855
+
†Podocarpites tyrrellii Dawson 1887
G. †Striatopodocarpites Sedova 1956
+
†Striatopodocarpites balmei Sukh-Dev 1961
†Striatopodocarpites gondwanensis Lakhanpal et al. 1959
†Striatopodocarpites nidpurensis Bharadwaj and Srivastava 1969
G. †Taxaceoxylon Kraeusel and Jain 1964
+
†Taxaceoxylon intertrappeanum Mahabale and Satyanarayana 1978
†Taxaceoxylon kateruense Mahabale and Rao 1973
†Taxaceoxylon rajmahalense Bhardwaj 1964
Subfm. Taxeae
+
G. †Cephalotaxopsis Fontaine 1889
+
†Cephalotaxopsis brevifolia Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Cephalotaxopsis microphylla Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Cephalotaxopsis magnifolia Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Cephalotaxopsis rhytidodes Ward 1905 [synonym]
†Cephalotaxopsis ramosa Fontaine 1889
G. †Cephalotaxospermum Berry 1910
+
G. Cephalotaxus Siebold and Zuccarini 1842
+
†Cephalotaxus coloradensis Knowlton 1916
G. †Protophyllocladus Berry 1903
+
†Protophyllocladus polymorphus Lesquereux 1859
+
Invalid names: Thinnfeldia montana Knowlton 1898 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Thinnfeldia lesquereuxiana Heer 1882 [synonym]
G. †Taxites Brongniart 1828
+
†Taxites lanceolata Ganju 1947
†Taxites langsdorfii Brongniart 1828
†Taxites medius Tenison-Woods 1883
†Taxites mehtae Goswami 1956
†Taxites microphyllus Heer 1869
†Taxites olriki Heer 1868
†Taxites planus Feistmantel 1879
†Taxites tournalii Brongniart 1828
G. Tumion Rafinesque 1840
+
†Tumion bonseri Knowlton 1926
†Tumion carolinianum Berry 1908
†Tumion densifolium Dawson 1882
†Tumion dicksonioides Dawson 1882
†Tumion falcatum Fontaine 1889
†Tumion oblanceolatum Lesquereux 1883
†Tumion virginicum Fontaine 1889
Subfm. Taxodieae
+
G. †Athrotaxopsis Fontaine 1889
+
†Athrotaxopsis expansa Fontaine 1890
†Athrotaxopsis grandis Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Athrotaxopsis pachyphylla Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Athrotaxopsis tenuicaulis Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
G. †Cunninghamites Presl 1838
+
†Cunninghamites dubiosus Feistmantel 1877
†Cunninghamites elegans Corda 1846
†Cunninghamites recurvatus Hosius and von der Marck 1900
G. †Cyparissidium Heer 1874
+
†Cyparissidium gracile Heer 1868
G. †Geinitzia Endlicher 1847
+
†Geinitzia biforma Lesquereux 1875
†Geinitzia cretacea Endlicher 1847
+
Invalid names: Sedites rabenhorstii Geinitz 1842 [replaced]
†Geinitzia formosa Heer 1871
†Geinitzia jenneyi Fontaine 1899
†Geinitzia reichenbachi Geinitz 1842
Invalid names: Sedites Geinitz 1842 [synonym]
G. †Inolepis Heer 1874
+
†Inolepis imbricata Heer 1874
G. †Pseudogeinitzia Hollick and Jeffrey 1909
+
†Pseudogeinitzia sequoiiformis Hollick and Jeffrey 1909
G. †Sphenolepidium Heer 1881
+
†Sphenolepidium drakensbergi Ellenberger 1970
†Sphenolepidium leloalengense Ellenberger 1970
†Sphenolepidium matelilense Ellenberger 1970
†Sphenolepidium oregonense Fontaine 1905
†Sphenolepidium pachyphyllum Fontaine 1889
G. Taxus Linnaeus 1753 [yew]
+
Taxus baccata Linnaeus 1753
†Taxus qinghaiensis Guo 1980
G. †Torellia Heer 1870
+
†Torellia rigida Heer 1870
G. Torreya Arnott 1838
+
Torreya jackii Chun 1925
G. †Vesquia Bertrand 1883
+
†Vesquia tournaissi Bertrand 1883
Fm. Taxodiaceae Saporta 1865
+
G. †Austrosequoia Peters and Christophel 1978
+
†Austrosequoia tasmanica Hill et al. 1993
G. †Cryptomeriopsis Stopes and Fujii 1910
+
†Cryptomeriopsis antiqua Stopes and Fujii 1910
G. †Cunninghamiostrobus Stopes and Fujii 1910
+
†Cunninghamiostrobus yabariensis Stopes and Fujii 1910
G. †Cupressacites Bolkhovitina 1956
+
†Cupressacites ramchandrae Srivastava 1966
G. †Diceras Velenovsky 1889
+
†Diceras cenomanicus Velenovsky 1889
G. †Dichandrium Velenovsky and Viniklar 1931
+
†Dichandrium cretaceum Velenovsky and Viniklar 1931
G. †Enormicutis Schneider 1969
+
†Enormicutis amplicavata Schneider 1969
G. †Ephedropsis Velenovsky and Viniklar 1926
+
†Ephedropsis strobilifera Velenovsky and Viniklar 1926
G. †Farndalea Bose 1955
+
†Farndalea fragilis Bose 1955
G. †Hillistrobus Chandler 1966
+
†Hillistrobus axelrodi Chandler 1966
G. †Margeriella Page 1973
+
†Margeriella cretacea Page 1973
G. †Otakauia Pole 1995
G. †Parataxodium Arnold and Lowther 1955
+
†Parataxodium wigginsii Arnold and Lowther 1955
G. †Protosequoia Miki 1969
+
G. †Sciadopityoxylon Schmalhausen 1879
+
†Sciadopityoxylon vestuta Schmalhausen 1879
G. †Sciadopitytes Goeppert and Menge 1883
+
†Sciadopitytes linearis Goeppert and Menge 1883
G. †Sequodium Nikitin 1965
+
†Sequodium langsdorfii Nikitin 1965
G. †Sequoioxylon Yasui 1928
+
†Sequoioxylon hondoense Yasui 1928
G. †Sewardiodendron Florin 1958
+
†Sewardiodendron laxum Phillips 1875
G. †Sphenolepis Agassiz 1843
+
†Sphenolepis kurriana Dunker 1846
+
Invalid names: Glyptostrobus fastigiatus Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Sphenolepidium parceramosum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Sphenolepidium virginicum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Taxodium denticulatum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Taxodium expansum Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
G. †Stenomischus Harris 1935
+
†Stenomischus athrous Harris 1935
G. †Taiwanioxylon Khuraiberdyev 1958
+
†Taiwanioxylon krasheninnikovii Jarmolenko 1958
G. †Tollia Sveshnikova and Budantsev 1969
+
†Tollia cunninghamioides Sveshnikova and Budantsev 1969
G. †Turkestanioxylon Khudayberdyev 1971
+
†Turkestanioxylon metasequoianum Khudayberdyev 1971
G. †Trioolepis Zeiller 1903
+
†Trioolepis leclerei Zeiller 1903
G. †Widdringtonites Endlicher 1847
+
†Widdringtonites ramosus Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Glyptostrobus brookensis Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Widdringtonites reichii Ettingshausen 1867
†Widdringtonites ungeri Endlicher 1847
+
Invalid names: Juniperites baccifera Unger 1843 [replaced]
G. †Xenoxylon Gothan 1905
+
†Xenoxylon latiporosum Cramer 1868
Invalid names: Buriadiaceae [empty], Cycadocarpidiaceae [empty], Lebachiaceae [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available