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Choerolophodon pentelici
Taxonomy
Mastodon pentelicus was named by Gaudry and Lartet (1856). It is not extant. Its type specimen is MNHN-PIK-3665.
It was corrected as Mastodon pentelici by Gaudry (1862), Koufos (1977); it was recombined as Tetrabelodon pentelici by Cope (1889); it was recombined as Mammut pentilicus by James and Slaughter (1974); it was recombined as Choerolophodon pentelicus by de Bruijn (1989); it was recombined as Choerolophodon pentelici by Geraads et al. (2005), Shoshani and Tassy (2005), Tsoukala et al. (2007), Konidaris and Koufos (2013), Konidaris et al. (2016).
It was corrected as Mastodon pentelici by Gaudry (1862), Koufos (1977); it was recombined as Tetrabelodon pentelici by Cope (1889); it was recombined as Mammut pentilicus by James and Slaughter (1974); it was recombined as Choerolophodon pentelicus by de Bruijn (1989); it was recombined as Choerolophodon pentelici by Geraads et al. (2005), Shoshani and Tassy (2005), Tsoukala et al. (2007), Konidaris and Koufos (2013), Konidaris et al. (2016).
Sister species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1856 | Mastodon pentelicus Gaudry and Lartet |
| 1862 | Mastodon pentelici Gaudry p. 142 |
| 1889 | Tetrabelodon pentelici Cope p. 195 |
| 1952 | Synconolophus serridentinoides Viret and Yalçinlar |
| 1974 | Mammut pentilicus James and Slaughter |
| 1977 | Mastodon pentelici Koufos |
| 1989 | Choerolophodon pentelicus de Bruijn |
| 2005 | Choerolophodon pentelici Geraads et al. p. 528 |
| 2005 | Choerolophodon pentelici Shoshani and Tassy p. 355 figs. Appendix C.1 |
| 2007 | Choerolophodon pentelici Tsoukala et al. |
| 2013 | Choerolophodon pentelici Konidaris and Koufos |
| 2016 | Choerolophodon pentelici Konidaris et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Choerolophodon pentelici Gaudry and Lartet 1856
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Invalid names: Synconolophus serridentinoides Viret and Yalçinlar 1952 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| G. E. Konidaris et al. 2016 | Large choerolophodont species; elongated cranium with moderately inclined facial region and low cerebral region; orbits situated at the top of the cranium and far behind the last molar in function, the anterior zygomatic process is situated behind the dentition, at the level of the anterior border of the choanae, and the whole perinasal area is redressed; distant temporal lines and wide parietal region; the symphysis is situated ventrally at the extension of the corpus, in both juvenile and adult specimens; corpus and ramus form obtuse angle; retromolar gap in mandibles bearing the m3; upper tusks emerge sub-horizontally and outwards and then curve upwards; deciduous teeth are large; the distal cingulum of the DP3 is well developed and it is separated from the second loph in the more advanced morphs; the metacone is distinct from the posttrite conelet of the distal cingulum; the distal cingulum of the dp3 is prominent and isolated from the second lophid in the more advanced morphs, forming a third lophid; five lophids or four lophids with an isolated distal ‘heel’ in the m3; the M3 bears four lophs; well expressed choerodonty, ptychodonty and cementodonty |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002 | |||||
Age range: base of the Sarmatian to the top of the Late/Upper Pliocene or 12.80000 to 2.58000 Ma
Collections (42 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serravallian | Moldova | Mastodon pentelici (60271) | |
| Sarmatian | Türkiye | Choerolophodon pentelici, Mastodon pentelici, Synconolophus serridentinoides (56563) | |
| Vallesian | Iraq | Choerolophodon pentelici (41735) | |
| Vallesian | Syria | Mastodon pentelici (41746) | |
| Vallesian | Greece | Choerolophodon pentelici (191070 195490) | |
| Tortonian | Romania (Ilfov) | Choerolophodon pentelici (199755) | |
| Tortonian | Ukraine (Odessa) | Mastodon pentelici (75797) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Türkiye (Cankiri) | Choerolophodon pentelici (184368) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Attiki) | Choerolophodon pentelicus (195562) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Chalkidona) | Choerolophodon pentelici (202703) Choerolophodon pentelicus (202222) Mastodon pentelici (182745 182746 182748 182749 182750) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Bulgaria (Blagoevgrard) | Choerolophodon pentelici (197446) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Moldova (Tighina Departement) | Mastodon pentelici (36143) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Kassandra) | Mastodon pentelici (202528) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Italy (Faenza) | Choerolophodon pentelici (215240) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Kozani) | Mastodon pentelici (202257) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Evros) | Choerolophodon pentelici (210641) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Türkiye (Usak) | Choerolophodon pentelici (34462) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Aegean) | Choerolophodon pentelici (182751 202724) Mastodon pentelici (202120) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Attica) | Mastodon pentelici (182754) | |
| MN 10 | Moldova (Anenii Noi) | Mastodon pentelici (60268) | |
| MN 11 | Greece | Choerolophodon pentelici (73869) | |
| Turolian | Bulgaria | Choerolophodon pentelici (208566 208567 208568) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Central Macedonia) | Choerolophodon pentelicus (32189) | |
| Turolian | Türkiye | Choerolophodon pentelici (151910) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Macedonia) | Choerolophodon pentelici (32374 32375 32376) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Samos) | Choerolophodon pentelici (202216) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Makedonia Thraki) | Choerolophodon pentelici (157582) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Chalkidona) | Choerolophodon pentelici (195489) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Egypt | Mammut pentilicus (22592) |