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Tragelaphini

Mammalia - Bovidae

Taxonomy
Tragelaphini was named by Blyth (1863). It is extant.

It was assigned to Bovinae by Hassanin and Douzery (1999), Grubb (2001), Hassanin and Douzery (2003).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1863Tragelaphini Blyth
1999Tragelaphini Hassanin and Douzery p. 893
2001Tragelaphini Grubb p. 376
2003Tragelaphini Hassanin and Douzery p. 223

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Eugnathostomata
—Teleostomi(Bonaparte 1836)
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
superfamilyBovoidea
familyBovidae
subfamilyBovinae(Gray 1821)
tribeTragelaphiniBlyth 1863
tribeTragelaphiniBlyth 1863

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Tr. Tragelaphini Blyth 1863
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G. †Pheraios Kostopoulos and Koufos 2006
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†Pheraios chryssomallos Kostopoulos and Koufos 2006
G. Taurotragus Wagner 1855 [eland]
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Taurotragus oryx Pallas 1766 [common eland]
G. Tragelaphus de Blainville 1816
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Tragelaphus angasii Gray 1849 [nyala]
†Tragelaphus arkelli Leakey 1965
Tragelaphus buxtoni Lydekker 1910 [mountain nyala]
Tragelaphus derbianus Gray 1847 [giant eland]
Tragelaphus eurycerus Ogilby 1837 [bongo]
†Tragelaphus gaudryi Thomas 1884
Tragelaphus imberbis Blythe 1869 [lesser kudu]
†Tragelaphus kyaloae Harris 1991
†Tragelaphus lockwoodi Reed and Bibi 2010
†Tragelaphus nakuae Arambourg 1941
Tragelaphus oryx Pallas 1766 [common eland]
Tragelaphus scriptus Pallas 1766 [bushbuck]
Tragelaphus spekii Sclater 1864 [sitatunga]
Tragelaphus strepsiceros Pallas 1766 [greater kudu]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerf
Diet 2: browserf
Reproduction: viviparousf
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-09-22 12:01:17
Source: f = family, o = order, subp = subphylum, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Messinian to the top of the Holocene or 7.24600 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 5.333 Ma

Collections (370 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene - Pliocene23.04 - 2.58South Africa Taurotragus sp., Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus angasi (22224)
Miocene - Pleistocene23.04 - 0.0117Ethiopia Tragelaphus sp. (22128)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Greece (Chalkidona) Tragelaphus sp. (182745 182750)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Greece (Thessaly) Bovidae indet. (194879)
Tortonian - Messinian11.63 - 5.333Kenya Tragelaphini indet. (22241) Tragelaphus kyaloae (22243)
Tortonian - Zanclean11.63 - 3.6Kenya Tragelaphus sp. A, Tragelaphus sp. B, Tragelaphus nakuae (22236)
Tortonian - Zanclean11.63 - 3.6Ethiopia Tragelaphus sp. (22139 22158) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus nakuae (22179)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Kenya Tragelaphini indet. (22275 22316) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphini indet. (22274 22307)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6Kenya Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus kyaloae (22242)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6Tanzania Tragelaphus sp. (22058)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.58Kenya Tragelaphus kyaloae, Tragelaphus nakuae (22237)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.58South Africa (Cape) Tragelaphus angasi (59167)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.58Kenya (Turkana District) Tragelaphus sp. (21332)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6South Africa Taurotragus strepiceros (100313) Tragelaphus sp. (22222) Tragelaphus sp. A, Tragelaphus sp. B (22221)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Ethiopia Tragelaphini indet. (22176) Tragelaphus gaudryi (21737) Tragelaphus nakuae (22174) Tragelaphus sp. (22160) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus nakuae (22133 22175)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Kenya Tragelaphus kyaloae (21510) Tragelaphus kyaloi, Tragelaphus kyaloae (22234)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Kenya (Turkana District) Tragelaphus sp. (21336)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Tanzania (Eastern Drift Valley) Tragelaphus sp. (32050)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Tanzania Tragelaphus sp. (22477)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Kenya Tragelaphus kyloae, Tragelaphus nakuae (22321)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Uganda Tragelaphus nkondoensis (22264) Tragelaphus nkondoensis, Tragelaphus nakuae (22265)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Ethiopia Bovidae indet. (21755) Tragelaphus nakuae (21754)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Malawi Tragelaphini indet. (22559) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphini indet. (22271)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Ethiopia (Afar) Tragelaphus pricei, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus nakuae (70907)
Zanclean - Piacenzian5.333 - 2.58Kenya Tragelaphini indet. (22235) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus kyaloae (22239)
Zanclean - Piacenzian5.333 - 2.58Tanzania Tragelaphus sp. (21830)
Zanclean - Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Kenya Tragelaphini indet. (22282 22319) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus spekei (22267)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774South Africa Tragelaphus angasi (21791)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774Ethiopia Tragelaphus nakuae (21739)
Zanclean - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774Kenya Tragelaphini indet. (21473) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21369)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117South Africa Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21960) Tragelaphus sp., Taurotragus sp., Tragelaphini indet. (207105)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Congo-Kinshasa Tragelaphus nakuae (22346)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Malawi Tragelaphus angasi (22324 22327) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22323)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Ethiopia Tragelaphus sp. (22568)
Zanclean - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Ethiopia Tragelaphus nakuae (22197)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58South Africa Taurotragus oryx, Tragelaphus angasi, Strepsiceros strepsiceros (22340)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Morocco Tragelaphus sp. (32052)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58South Africa (Langebaanweg) Tragelaphus sp. (21713)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Kenya (Rift Valley) Tragelaphus nakuae (21307 21308 21309)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Kenya Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus kyaloae, Tragelaphus nakuae (21485) Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus nakuae (21407 21425 21459 21484 21530) Tragelaphus kyaloae, Tragelaphus nakuae (21435) Tragelaphus nakuae (21431 21432 21480 21536)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Ethiopia (Afar) Tragelaphus nakuae (224654)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Ethiopia Tragelaphus gaudryi (21549 21634 21636 21640 22030) Tragelaphus gaudryi, Tragelaphus nakuae (21608) Tragelaphus nakuae (21785 21786) Tragelaphus sp. (21757 21783 22347)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Tanzania Tragelaphus sp. (21790 21796 21798 21799 21800 21802 21806 21812 21832)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Kenya (Turkana District) Tragelaphus sp. (21334)
Piacenzian - Gelasian3.6 - 1.8Ethiopia (Afar) Tragelaphus nakuae, Tragelaphus lockwoodi (224657)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Calabrian3.6 - 0.774Ethiopia Tragelaphus gaudryi (21629)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.774Kenya (Rift Valley) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21288 21291 21292 21352)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Pleistocene3.6 - 0.0117South Africa Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (22334)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Kenya (Rift Valley) Tragelaphus gaudryi, Tragelaphus nakuae (21286) Tragelaphus imberbis (21282) Tragelaphus nakuae (21283 21301 21345) Tragelaphus scriptus (21353) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21342)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Kenya Tragelaphini indet. (32116) Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus nakuae (21471) Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21376 21410 21461) Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus nakuae (21398 21457 21503 21504) Tragelaphus nakuae (21475) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus nakuae (21420 21474)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Ethiopia (Afar) Tragelaphus nakuae, Tragelaphus lockwoodi (224655)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Ethiopia Tragelaphus gaudryi (21550 21566 21567 21577 21582 21615 21633 21635 21652 21656 21660 21664 21998 22022) Tragelaphus gaudryi, Tragelaphus nakuae (21545 21621 21632 21645 21983 21995) Tragelaphus gaudryi, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus nakuae (21614) Tragelaphus nakuae (21551 21552 21554 21562 21570 21571 21572 21575 21578 21583 21594 21602 21626 21628 21646 21647 21651 21654 21658 21661 21667 21668 21671 21673 21740 21741 21752 21966 21986 21988 21994 22000 22006 22010 22015 22016 22020 22021 22023 22026 22039) Tragelaphus pricei (21607) Tragelaphus sp. (21588 21649 21675 21999) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus nakuae (21609)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Tanzania Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22596) Tragelaphus sp. (21804 21805 21815)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774South Africa (Gauteng) Tragelaphini indet. (183152)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Algeria (Northern Algeria) Taurotragus gaudryi (197944)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774South Africa Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (95150) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21824)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Algeria Tragelaphus gaudryi (69723)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Tanzania Tragelaphini indet. (21969 22471) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21974)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Kenya Tragelaphini indet. (21445 21452 21454 21498 21508 21515) Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21367 21370 21396 21409 21463 21495) Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus nakuae (21402 21462) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21415 21448 21458 21467 21476 21496 21500 21502 21521) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus nakuae (21472)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Ethiopia (Ethiopian Rift) Tragelaphus anagasi, Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22494) Tragelaphus grandis, Tragelaphus scriptus (22491) Tragelaphus sp. A (22498) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22490) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus nakuae (22492)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Kenya (Rift Valley) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21350)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Morocco Taurotragus oryx (22489) Tragelaphini indet. (34332)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Kenya Taurotragus oryx (21963 38039) Taurotragus sp. (21837 21839 21844 21849) Tragelaphus sp. (21838 21843) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphini indet. (22268 22269 22270)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117South Africa Taurotragus oryx (21829 21915 21954 115191) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21695 21916) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx, Tragelaphus angasi (21825) Tragelaphus sp., Taurotragus oryx (21931 21953) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21828 21929 21956 115205)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Morocco Taurotragus oryx (21856)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Congo-Kinshasa Tragelaphus sp. (22087 22110) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus eurycerus, Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus spekei (22074) Tragelaphus spekei (22103)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Zambia Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21854) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21924)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Eswatini Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21925)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Libya Taurotragus oryx (21884)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0South Africa (Orange Free) Taurotragus oryx (21868)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Tanzania Taurotragus oryx (22192)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0South Africa Taurotragus oryx (21951) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx, Tragelaphus angasi (21949) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21957) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21711 21948 21950)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania Taurotragus arkelli (21968) Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22625) Tragelaphini indet.-lg, Tragelaphini indet.-small (22628) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22627) Tragelaphus sp., Taurotragus sp., Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus arkelli (21970) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus arkelli (22064) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus arkelli (22041) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21971 22616 22626)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Algeria Tragelaphus algericus (22584)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya (Rift Valley) Tragelaphus nakuae (21299) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus scriptus (21347) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21296 21343) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus nakuae (21294)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774South Africa Taurotragus oryx (21822 21928) Tragelaphus scriptus, Taurotragus oryx (21961) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21923)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania (Lake Natron Basin) Taurotragus sp., Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22553 22578) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22552 22554 22558 22577 22579 22583)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Ethiopia (Ethiopian Rift) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22499)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya Tragelaphini indet. (32081 32088 32111) Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21368 21403 21514 21520 32060 32085) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (32057 32077)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Morocco Taurotragus oryx (42866)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Kenya Taurotragus oryx (21276 21277) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus scriptus (22272 22276)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Tanzania Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21893)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Ethiopia Tragelaphus scriptus (22129 22138) Tragelaphus sp. (22134 22170) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus scriptus (22156)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117South Africa Taurotragus oryx (96974) Tragelaphus strpsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21709)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Congo-Kinshasa Taurotragus sp., Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Tragelaphus spekei (22066)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Athi-Kapiti plains) Tragelaphus scriptus (32115)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117South Africa Taurotragus oryx (115167)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21400)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Rwanda Tragelaphus sp. (129899)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0South Africa Taurotragus oryx (21922)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Sudan Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus spekei (208786) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21871) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21903 208787)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Eswatini Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21927 21955)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Congo-Kinshasa Taurotragus sp., Tragelaphus scriptus (22068) Tragelaphus sp. (22086 22093) Tragelaphus sp., Taurotragus sp. (22113) Tragelaphus sp., Tragelaphus scriptus (22073)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Tanzania Tragelaphus scriptus, Taurotragus oryx (21690)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Niger Tragelaphus scriptus (83303)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa Taurotragus oryx (21866 21918 21921 21946) Tragelaphus scriptus (96973) Tragelaphus scriptus, Taurotragus oryx (21917) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21930) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21896)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Zambia Tragelaphus scriptus, Taurotragus oryx (21895) Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx (21894)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa (N. Transraal) Tragelaphus scriptus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21693)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Kenya Taurotragus oryx (21936) Tragelaphini indet. (21529) Tragelaphus scriptus (21959) Tragelaphus scriptus, Taurotragus oryx (21933 21938)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa (Orange Free) Taurotragus oryx (21911) Tragelaphus strepsiceros (21897 21908)