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Heterostrophia

Gastropoda - Opisthobranchia

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2002Heterostrophia Sepkoski

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
RankNameAuthor
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
orderOpisthobranchia(Milne-Edwards 1848)
orderHeterostrophia
orderHeterostrophia

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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G. †Acrostylus Cossmann 1896
G. †Ampezzogyra Bandel 1996
+
†Ampezzogyra angulata Nützel and Hausmann 2021
+
†Aphanotaenia strigillata Credner 1863
G. Auristomia Monterosato 1884
G. Babella Dall & Bartsch 1906
G. †Bactroptyxis Cossmann 1896
+
†Bactroptyxis cossmanni Fischer 1962
G. †Boehmiola
G. †Brouzetia
G. †Campichia
G. †Coemansia
G. †Costaella
+
†Costosyrnola taptiensis Banerjee and Halder 2023
G. †Crimella
+
†Cryptoplocus picteti Gemmellaro 1864
+
Invalid names: Trochalia picteti Gemmellaro 1897 [synonym]
G. †Curetia
G. †Eustomia
G. †Falsostyliola Colom 1986
G. †Fibulella
+
†Fibuloptyxis excavata Fischer 1964
G. †Gemmellaroia Lyssenko 1990
G. †Gonzagia
G. †Itruvia
G. †Mrhilaia
+
†Mrhilaia nerinaeformis Coquand 1862
G. †Neoptyxis
G. †Ptygmatis
+
†Ptygmatis carpathica Zeuschner 1849
†Ptygmatis pseudobruntrutana Gemmellaro 1865
+
Invalid names: Nerinea bruntrutana Ooster 1869 [synonym]
G. †Raulinia
G. †Rugiferia
G. †Sequania
G. †Spirocyclina Kittl 1894
+
†Spirocyclina eucycla Laube 1869
G. †Trochalia
G. †Ulfa
G. †Upella
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: epifaunalc
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2004-02-29 11:40:59
Modified: 2010-02-11 01:35:02
Source: c = class
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Kungurian to the top of the Holocene or 279.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 272.3 Ma

Collections (110 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3Malaysia (Perak) Spirocyclina sp. (62131)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Hungary (Bakony) Spirocyclina eucycla (203197 203199 203276)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Italy Ampezzamilda aialensis (164191)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4USA (Alaska) Spirocyclina sp. (112288)
Julian235.0 - 232.0Italy (Belluno) Ampezzogyra angulata (207475 207478)
Julian235.0 - 232.0Italy Ampezzogyra schroederi (38164) Spirocyclina eucycla (34692 69661 144632 144633) Turritella eucycla (144928)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1Saudi Arabia Bactroptyxis sp., Nerinea bruntrutana (48447) Nerinea bruntrutana (48405)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1United Kingdom (England) Endiaplocus roissyi (36552)
Early/Lower Bathonian167.7 - 164.7Iran Bactroptyxis bacillus (37563)
Late/Upper Bathonian167.7 - 164.7France Bactroptyxis sp. (174437)
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Saudi Arabia Cryptoplocus depressus, Nerinea bruntrutana (47915) Nerinea bruntrutana (47902 47912)
Middle Callovian164.7 - 161.2Israel Bactroptyxis sp. (99127)
Middle Callovian - Late/Upper Callovian164.7 - 161.2Saudi Arabia Nerinea bruntrutana (34544)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3United Kingdom (England) Ptygmatis pseudobruntunata (1914)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian163.5 - 152.1Ethiopia Trochalia subpyramidalis (94543)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 145.0China (Xizang) Trochalia sp. (61421 61422)
Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Poland Elatioriella sanctacrucensis (68366) Ptygmatis bruntrutana, Ptygmatis salomoniana, Ptygmatis carpathica (98574)
Middle Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7France Cryptoplocus depressus (11084) Cryptoplocus depressus, Ptygmatis ornata (11085)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Portugal Sequania sp. (67941 67958)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Kenya Trochalia depressa (36509)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Switzerland (Jura) Cryptoplocus sp., Ptygmatis sp. (185666)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Poland Elatioriella bernardiana, Fibuloptygmatis sp., Ptygmatis bruntrutana (68368)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Kenya Trochalia depressa (36498 36504)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Portugal Cryptoplocus sp. (25329)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian155.7 - 145.0Cuba Ptygmatis bruntrutana, Ptygmatis pseudobruntrutana (57193)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Portugal Valanginella infravalanginensis (8156)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Austria Cryptoplocus sp., Cryptoplocus picteti, Ptygmatis pseudobruntrutana, Ptygmatis carpathica, Aphanotaenia strigillata (89461)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Cryptoplocus succedens, Ptygmatis bruntrutana (23903)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Portugal Valanginella infravalanginensis (8206)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) Cryptoplocus succedens, Ptygmatis bruntrutana (23887)
Berriasian145.0 - 139.8Ukraine Jaccardiella sp. (183168)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4Spain (Castellon) Neoptyxis galatea (3725 3726)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Ukraine Campichia truncata (67457)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Portugal Ptygmatis astrachanicus (73499)
Barremian - Aptian129.4 - 113.0Albania Neoptyxis astrachanica (40804) Neoptyxis galeata (67452)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Switzerland Cryptoplocus sanctae-crucis (2181)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Portugal Ptygmatis astrachanicus (73569)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Hungary Ptygmatis micromorpha (74890 74891)
Early/Lower Albian - Middle Albian112.03 - 105.3Greece Neoptyxis incavata, Neoptyxis symeonidisi (64246)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Angola Mrhilaia nerinaeformis (210726 210732)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian105.3 - 93.9Egypt Neoptyxis olisiponensis (150677)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy (Campania) Ptygmatis samnitica (84801)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5France (Poitou-Charentes) Ptygmatis requieniana (73862 73863)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt Neoptyxis olisiponensis (140111 140114)
Early/Lower Cenomanian - Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt Neoptyxis olisiponensis (150675 150875)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt Mrhilaia haugi (114810) Neoptyxis olisiponensis (140242)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USSR Itruvia ferganensis (3795)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8France Ptygmatis uchauxiana (3728)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Hungary Itruvia cycloidea, Itruvia abbreviata (74809)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Belgium Coemansia conica, Tiberia extensa, Tiberia sulcata (22931)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Denmark Nipteraxis poulseni (176994)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Greenland Nipteraxis sp. (22943)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (Texas) Doliella parnitens (205466)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2Greenland Nipteraxis sp. (22944 22945)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2Denmark Cyclodostomia obtusa (35265) Cyclodostomia pupaeformis (35267)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0Australia (Victoria) Raulinia sp. (6267)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8India (Gujarat) Costosyrnola taptiensis (235624 235626)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) Sinustomia sp. (3267)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Texas) Trimalaxis ora (7789 83950 178054)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France (Yvelines) Nipteraxis plicatum (177970 177971 177972 177973 177975)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Nipteraxis lebescontei (8125) Nipteraxis sp., Nipteraxis lebescontei (8124) Pachysyrnola sp. (8047)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Texas) Trimalaxis ora (205520)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Texas) Trimalaxis singleyi (205531)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9New Zealand (Canterbury) Costosyrnola paleogenica, Pyrgiscilla waihaoica (45041)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France (Essonne) Taphrostomia sp. (9098)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Germany Raulinia laevisulcata (95898)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Denmark Nipteraxis bimonilifera (234515)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44France Nipteraxis misera (74861)
Altonian19.0 - 15.9New Zealand Costosyrnola sp. (67897)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Belgium (Antwerp) Phasianema sulcatum, Phasianema zelandicum (179597)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Panama (Bocas del Toro) Nipteraxis sp. (61344)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Belgium Phasianema zelandicum (179079)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Japan Egilina mariellaeformis, Tiberia dunkerii (97961)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Mayotte Odetta sp. (209860 209864)