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Protochonetinae

Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Strophochonetidae

Taxonomy
Protochonetinae was named by Racheboeuf (2000) [Protochonetinae Racheboeuf in Williams et al. (2000)].

It was assigned to Strophochonetidae by Williams et al. (2000) and Rubel (2011).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2000Protochonetinae Racheboeuf
2000Protochonetinae Williams et al. p. 377
2011Protochonetinae Rubel

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classStrophomenataWilliams et al 1996
orderStrophomenidaOpik 1934
superfamilyChonetoidea
familyStrophochonetidaeMuir-Wood 1962
subfamilyProtochonetinaeRacheboeuf 2000
subfamilyProtochonetinaeRacheboeuf 2000

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Protochonetinae Racheboeuf 2000
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G. †Eoplicanoplia Boucot and Harper 1968
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†Eoplicanoplia collicula Foerste 1909
G. †Protochonetes Muir-Wood 1962
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†Protochonetes elyensis Sheehan 1982
†Protochonetes harricanensis Jin et al. 1993
†Protochonetes ludlovensis Muir-Wood 1962
†Protochonetes ludloviensis Muir-Wood 1962
†Protochonetes minimus Sowerby 1839
†Protochonetes piltenensis Rybnikova 1967
G. †Shagamella Boucot and Harper 1968
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†Shagamella ludlovensis Boucot and Harper 1968
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Entire body: yesf
Adult length: 1.0 to < 10f
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-06-11 19:19:33
Modified: 2009-06-11 21:19:33
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Aeronian to the top of the Early/Lower Emsian or 440.80000 to 402.50000 Ma

Collections (267 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Silurian443.8 - 419.2United Kingdom (England) Protochonetes sp. (486)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4Canada (Québec) Protochonetes sp. (24540)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4Canada (Nova Scotia) Protochonetes tenuistriatus (3064 3066 3136 3147 3159 3163 3164 3165 3167 3168 3170 3171 3172 3173 3174 3176 3178 3185 3186 3187 3188 3189 3191 3192 3193 3200 3206)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4Bolivia Protochonetes sp. (25084)
Llandovery - Wenlock443.4 - 427.4Brazil Protochonetes novoscoticus (25622)
Llandovery - Wenlock443.4 - 427.4USA (Nevada) Protochonetes sp. (24787)
Llandovery - Wenlock443.4 - 427.4United Kingdom (England) Protochonetes sp. (23089)
Alexandrian - Niagaran443.4 - 421.3Canada (Québec) Protochonetes sp. (25155)
Aeronian440.8 - 438.5Iran (North Khorasan) Shagamella sp. (165945)
Telychian438.5 - 433.4Canada (Quebec) Protochonetes harricanensis (77343)
Telychian438.5 - 433.4Canada (New Brunswick) Protochonetes sp. (68834)
Telychian - Wenlock438.5 - 427.4USA (Nevada) Protochonetes elyensis (51557)
Jaani - Jaagarahu433.6 - 422.9Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (192579)
Sheinwoodian433.4 - 430.5USA (Indiana) Protochonetes sp. (26805)
Sheinwoodian433.4 - 430.5Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (192992)
Sheinwoodian433.4 - 430.5Norway Protochonetes ludloviensis (14289 14312)
Sheinwoodian - Homerian433.4 - 427.4Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (192993)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Australia (Australian Capital Territory) Protochonetes minimus (25679)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (13745 13746 195447 207295 207386)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Canada (Nova Scotia) Protochonetes sp. (24880)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Sweden (Gotland) Protochonetes minimus (192373)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Ireland Protochonetes ludloviensis (499) Shagamella ludloviensis, Protochonetes ludloviensis (501)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Canada (Northwest Territories) Shagamella sp. (26063)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Australia (Victoria) Protochonetes sp. (494)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4United Kingdom (England) Protochonetes ceratoides (49642) Protochonetes sp. (477 522) Shagamella ludloviensis, Protochonetes minimus (79881)
Wenlock - Ludlow433.4 - 423.0Argentina Protochonetes sp. (25060 25061 25062)
Wenlock - Ludlow433.4 - 423.0Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (13756)
Homerian430.5 - 427.4United Kingdom (Wales) Protochonetes minimus (23287)
Homerian430.5 - 427.4Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (192613 192994 207376 207379 207381)
Homerian430.5 - 427.4Czech Republic Shagamella margarita (14048)
Homerian430.5 - 427.4Sweden (Gotland) Protochonetes minimus (13528 13529)
Homerian430.5 - 427.4United Kingdom (England) Protochonetes minimus (23291) Protochonetes sp. (23057 23218 23285 23286 23288 23289 23293)
Whitwellian430.5 - 425.4Canada (Northwest Territories) Protochonetes sp., Shagamella sp. (26042)
Homerian - Jaagarahu430.5 - 422.9Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (192580)
Jaagarahu428.2 - 422.9Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (192559)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6United Kingdom (Wales) Protochonetes ludloviensis (23169 23173)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6Ukraine Protochonetes ludloviensis (23354 23375) Protochonetes striatellus (14143)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6Australia (Australian Capital Territory) Protochonetes minimus (25682 25683 25708)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6Canada (Quebec) Eoplicanoplia collicula (219864)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (192564 192995)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6Belarus Protochonetes sp. (23662)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6United Kingdom (England) Protochonetes sp., Shagamella sp. (529) Shagamella ludloviensis (23209 49643) Shagamella ludloviensis, Protochonetes ludloviensis (23210 23211 23213) Shagamella ludloviensis, Protochonetes minimus (480) Shagamella minor (23145 23152 23156) Shagamella minor, Protochonetes minimus (23149) Shagamella sp., Protochonetes ludloviensis, Protochonetes minimus (23181) Shagamella sp., Protochonetes minimus (23178)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6Czech Republic Shagamella margarita (14106)
Gorstian - Ludfordian427.4 - 423.0Sweden (Gotland) Protochonetes striatellus (13531)
Gorstian - Ludfordian427.4 - 423.0Ukraine Protochonetes striatellus (14144)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0United Kingdom (England) Protochonetes ludloviensis (478 479 49657 49658) Protochonetes sp. (523) Protochonetes sp., Shagamella sp. (481 482 533 535)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Venezuela Protochonetes sp., Shagamella ludloviensis (25067)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Lithuania Protochonetes minimus (195446) Protochonetes stonishkensis (13765) Protochonetes striatellus (207403)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0United Kingdom (Wales) Protochonetes sp. (484) Shagamella sp. (485)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Ukraine Protochonetes ludloviensis (23356) Protochonetes podolicus (23475)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Estonia Protochonetes striatellus (13735)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Belarus Protochonetes sp. (23658)
Ludlow - Pridoli427.4 - 419.2USA (Indiana) Eoplicanoplia collicula (219863)
Ludlow - Pridoli427.4 - 419.2Estonia Protochonetes piltenensis (13732 13736) Protochonetes stonishkensis, Protochonetes piltenensis (13733)
Ludlow - Pridoli427.4 - 419.2Ukraine Protochonetes ludloviensis, Protochonetes striatellus (23427) Protochonetes striatellus (23358)
Ludlow - Pridoli427.4 - 419.2Spain Protochonetes sp.O (13920)
Ludlow - Pridoli427.4 - 419.2Lithuania Protochonetes piltenensis (13759 26291)
Ludfordian425.6 - 423.0United Kingdom (England) Protochonetes ludloviensis (8295 8296 8297 8298 8299 8300 8301 8302 8303 8304 8305 8306 8307 8308 8309 8311 8312 8313 8315 8316 8321 8322 8323 8324 8325 23103 23106 23107 23111 23185) Protochonetes minumus, Shagamella sp., Protochonetes ludloviensis (23184) Protochonetes sp. (26911) Shagamella ludloviensis, Protochonetes ludloviensis (8310 8314 8320) Shagamella minor (23110) Shagamella minor, Protochonetes ludloviensis (23109)
Ludfordian425.6 - 423.0Sweden (Gotland) Protochonetes striatellus (13532 13533 13534)
Ludfordian425.6 - 423.0Ukraine (Podolia) Protochonetes striatellus (229365)
Ludfordian425.6 - 423.0Czech Republic Shagamella margarita (14067 14071)
Ludfordian425.6 - 423.0Ukraine Protochonetes striatellus (14145)
Ludfordian - Pridoli425.6 - 419.2Ukraine Protochonetes dniestrensis (14147)
Kaugetuma423.0 - 421.5Latvia Protochonetes piltenensis (207254)
Kaugetuma423.0 - 421.5Estonia (Saare) Protochonetes piltenensis (193614 193722)
Kaugetuma423.0 - 421.5Russian Federation Protochonetes stonishkensis, Protochonetes piltenensis (207251)
Kaugetuma423.0 - 421.5Estonia Protochonetes piltenensis (207257)
Elton423.0 - 421.3United Kingdom (Wales) Protochonetes minimus (75051 75052)
Kaugetuma - Kuressaare423.0 - 419.2Estonia (Saare) Protochonetes piltenensis (193720)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Poland Protochonetes dniestrensis (13883) Protochonetes sp., Protochonetes ludloviensis (23040)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Spain (Guadalajara) Protochonetes sp.O (13927)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Belarus Protochonetes dniestrensis (23650) Protochonetes sp. (23655 23672)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Ukraine Protochonetes dnestrensis (23359) Protochonetes dniestrensis (13873 14148 23440 23442) Protochonetes striatellus (23437)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2USA (Indiana) Eoplicanoplia sp. (24881)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Canada (Nova Scotia) Protochonetes sp. (14200)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2United Kingdom (England) Protochonetes sp. (26913)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2China (Jilin) Protochonetes sp. (25759)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Lithuania Protochonetes piltenensis (13763 13764 192558 192998 207299 207334) Protochonetes sp. (207344) Protochonetes stonishkensis (13766 13767 13771) Protochonetes stonishkensis, Protochonetes piltenensis (192997 192999)
Pridoli - Lochkovian423.0 - 410.8Australia (Victoria) Protochonetes sp. (646)
Pridoli - Helderbergian423.0 - 393.3Canada (Nova Scotia) Protochonetes sp. (24896)
Paadla422.9 - 419.2Estonia (Saare) Protochonetes piltenensis (193686) Protochonetes striatellus (192133 193713 193714 193715 193716 195603)
Paadla422.9 - 419.2Estonia Protochonetes striatellus (13727 207255)
Paadla422.9 - 419.2Latvia Shagamella sp., Protochonetes minimus, Protochonetes piltenensis (207252)
Kuressaare421.3 - 419.2Russian Federation Protochonetes stonishkensis (207250)
Kuressaare421.3 - 419.2Estonia (Saare) Protochonetes piltenensis (193717 193718 193719 193721)
Kuressaare421.3 - 419.2Latvia Protochonetes piltenensis (207253)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Belarus Protochonetes proliferus (23671)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Czech Republic Nabarredia minor (14119)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Czech Republic (Prague) Nabarredia minor (12072)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Canada (Quebec) Protochonetes sp. (24796)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8China (Jilin) Protochonetes sp. (27748)
Pragian410.8 - 407.6Australia (Victoria) Protochonetes cresswelli (25713)
Pragian - Emsian410.8 - 393.3Australia (Victoria) Protochonetes australis (25715 25716 25717)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Russian Federation Protochonetes sp. (35710)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5China (Guangxi) Protochonetes sp. (25729 25730 25833)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Australia (Queensland) Protochonetes sp. (39874 39875 39876 39877 39878 39879)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Australia (New South Wales) Protochonetes culleni (35557 39890) Protochonetes latus (39884 39886 39888)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Australia (Queensland) Protochonetes sp. (39880)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3China (Guangxi) Nabarredia intermedia (27477 27504) Protochonetes sp. (65074)