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Sturnus (starling)

Reptilia - Theropoda - Sturnidae

Taxonomy
Sturnus was named by Linnaeus (1756). It is extant.

It was assigned to Sturnini by Zuccon et al. (2006); and to Sturnidae by Worthy (1997), Mlikovsky (2002) and Clements et al. (2017).

Species
S. vulgaris

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1756Sturnus Linnaeus
1997Sturnus Worthy p. 111
2002Sturnus Mlikovsky p. 233
2006Sturnus Zuccon et al.
2017Sturnus Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
RankNameAuthor
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
orderTheropoda
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
—Neognathae(Pycraft 1900)
orderPasseriformesLinnaeus 1758
familySturnidaeRafinesque 1815
genusSturnusLinnaeus 1756

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Sturnus Linnaeus 1756 [starling]
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Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus 1758 [European starling]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-03 20:39:15
Modified: 2009-01-03 22:39:15
Source: subo = suborder, o = order
References: Benton 1983, Marsh 1875

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Calabrian to the top of the Holocene or 1.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.774 Ma

Collections (35 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117United Kingdom (England) Sturnus vulgaris (125089)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Italy Sturnus vulgaris (197790)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Spain (Castilla-Leon) Sturnus sp. (34870)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Italy (Siracusa) Sturnus sp. (175900)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129United Kingdom (Norfolk) Sturnus vulgaris (49816)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Monaco Sturnus vulgaris (191730)
Middle Pleistocene - Holocene0.774 - 0.0United Kingdom Sturnus vulgaris (197163)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom (Wales) Sturnus vulgaris (124954 125452)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117France (Corse) Sturnus sp. (215363)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Italy (Sardinia) Sturnus sp. (51552 51553)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Crete) Sturnus sp. (192949 192951 192957 192959)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Italy Sturnus sp. (197769)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom Sturnus vulgaris (125437)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Romania Sturnus vulgaris (197946)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom (England) Sturnus vulgaris (125321)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0United Kingdom (Wales) Sturnus vulgaris (125439)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0United Kingdom (England) Sturnus vulgaris (125446)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0France (Corse) Sturnus sp. (215378)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Spain Sturnus sp. (194936)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0New Zealand (South Island) Sturnus vulgaris (215380 215388 215403 215415 215417 215421 215579 215581 215583 215616)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0New Zealand Sturnus vulgaris (100554)