PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Torpedinidae (torpedo)

Chondrichthyes - Torpediniformes - Torpedinidae

Taxonomy

Torpedinidae is a family. It is extant.

It was assigned to Selachii by Woodward (1889); to Euselachii by Dartevelle and Casier (1943); to Narcaciontes by Jordan (1963); to Torpedinoidea by Jonet (1968); to Torpedinoidea by Cappetta (1987), Cappetta (1988); and to Torpediniformes by Cahuzac et al. (2007), Nelson et al. (2016).

Subtaxa

Astrape, Eotorpedo, Hypnarce, Hypnos, Narcacion, Tetronarce, Torpedo (syn. Gymnotorpedo, Tetronarcine, Fimbriotorpedo, Eunarce, Narcobatus, Notastrape)

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1889	Torpedinidae Woodward p. 90
1943	Torpedinidae Dartevelle and Casier p. 175
1963	Torpedinidae Jordan p. 603
1968	Torpedinidae Jonet p. 244
1987	Torpedinidae Cappetta p. 160
1988	Torpedinidae Cappetta p. 29
2007	Torpedinidae Cahuzac et al. p. 30
2016	Torpedinidae Nelson et al. p. 82

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Chondrichthyes

Rank	Name	Author
infraclass	Elasmobranchii	(Bonaparte 1838)
—	Euselachii	()
—	Neoselachii	Compagno 1977
superorder	Batomorphii
order	Torpediniformes
family	Torpedinidae
family	Torpedinidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Torpedinidae [torpedo]

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G. Astrape Muller and Henle 1838

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Astrape aysoni Hamilton 1901

G. †Eotorpedo White 1934

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†Eotorpedo hilgendorfi Jaekel 1904

†Eotorpedo jaekeli White 1934

†Eotorpedo nolfi Herman 1974

†Eotorpedo zennaroi Cappetta 1988

G. †Hypnarce Waite 1902

G. Hypnos Dumeril 1852

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Hypnos monopterygius Shaw and Nodder 1795

G. †Narcacion Klein 1775

G. †Tetronarce Gill 1862

G. Torpedo Houttuyn 1764 [torpedo]

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†Torpedo acarinata Adnet 2006

†Torpedo brasiliensis Olfers 1831

†Torpedo chattica Reinecke 2015

†Torpedo gigantea de Blainville 1818

†Torpedo pessanti Adnet 2006

Invalid names: Eunarce Fowler 1910 [synonym], Fimbriotorpedo Fritsch 1886 [synonym], Gymnotorpedo Fritsch 1886 [synonym], Narcobatus [synonym], Notastrape Whitley 1932 [synonym], Tetronarcine Tanaka 1908 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

marinesubp

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

nektonicc

Diet:

carnivorec

Created:

2004-08-17 13:49:23

Modified:

2009-12-13 03:31:01

Source: c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Carroll 1988, Wagner 2023

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Danian to the top of the Messinian or 66.00000 to 5.33300 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.66 Ma

Collections (46 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Morocco	Eotorpedo zennaroi (91362)
Paleocene	66.0 - 56.0	Saudi Arabia (Makkah)	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi (140957 140968 140969)
Selandian	61.66 - 59.24	Angola	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi (82060)
Selandian	61.66 - 59.24	Angola (Cabinda)	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi (113759 195087 195089 242334)
Middle Paleocene - Late/Upper Paleocene	61.66 - 56.0	Mali	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi (115411)
Late/Upper Paleocene	59.24 - 56.0	USA (Mississippi)	Eotorpedo jaekeli (62872)
Thanetian	59.24 - 56.0	Morocco	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi (71234)
Thanetian	59.24 - 56.0	Niger	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi, Eotorpedo jaekeli (229530)
Early/Lower Eocene	56.0 - 48.07	USA (Mississippi)	Eotorpedo jaeckeli (62890)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Italy	Platyrhina gigantea (55239 94830)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Belgium	Eotorpedo nolfi (277868)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	USA (South Carolina)	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi (203258)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Morocco	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi (71233)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Italy (Verona)	Platyrhina gigantea (219837)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	USA (South Carolina)	Eotorpedo hilgendorfi (32901)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	France	Torpedo acarinata (61215 74858) Torpedo pessanti (161754 277212 277214 277215 277216 277217 277219)
Middle Eocene	48.07 - 37.71	Ukraine (Crimea)	Torpedo sp. (140018)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	France	Torpedo pessanti (161753 277206 277209 277210)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Tunisia (Sidi Bouzid Township)	Torpedo sp. (173640)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Jordan	Torpedo sp. (32899)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Egypt	Torpedo sp. (137560 137561 137568 137582)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)	Torpedo chattica (80366)
Badenian	13.82 - 12.8	Austria	Torpedo sp. (276449)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.63 - 5.333	Netherlands (Noord-Brabant)	Torpedo sp. (162679)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Portugal (Alvalade)	Torpedo sp. (65955)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Portugal	Torpedo sp. (65954)