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Clypeasterina
Taxonomy
Clypeasteridae was named by Agassiz (1872). It is extant.
It was corrected as Clypeasterina by Clark and Twitchell (1915), Durham (1955), Durham and Melville (1957), Durham (1966) and Kroh and Smith (2010).
It was assigned to Gnathostomata by Clark and Twitchell (1915); and to Clypeasteroida by Durham (1955), Durham and Melville (1957), Durham (1966) and Kroh and Smith (2010).
It was corrected as Clypeasterina by Clark and Twitchell (1915), Durham (1955), Durham and Melville (1957), Durham (1966) and Kroh and Smith (2010).
It was assigned to Gnathostomata by Clark and Twitchell (1915); and to Clypeasteroida by Durham (1955), Durham and Melville (1957), Durham (1966) and Kroh and Smith (2010).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1915 | Clypeasterina Clark and Twitchell p. 67 |
1955 | Clypeasterina Durham p. 117 |
1957 | Clypeasterina Durham and Melville p. 259 |
1966 | Clypeasterina Durham p. U460 |
2010 | Clypeasterina Kroh and Smith p. 172 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subor. Clypeasterina Agassiz 1872
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Fm. Clypeasteridae Agassiz 1836
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G. Clypeaster Lamarck 1801
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Subg. †Clypeaster (Rhaphidoclypus) Agassiz 1863
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†Clypeaster (Rhaphidoclypus) armadilloensis Sanchez-Roig 1953
†Clypeaster abruptus Sanchez Roig 1926
†Clypeaster antillarum Cotteau 1875
†Clypeaster batheri Lambert 1915
†Clypeaster bowersi Weaver 1908
†Clypeaster butleri McNamara and Kendrick 1994
†Clypeaster carrizoensis Kew 1914
†Clypeaster caudatus Jackson 1922
†Clypeaster concavus Cotteau 1875
†Clypeaster cotteaui Egozcue 1897
†Clypeaster cubensis Cotteau 1875
†Clypeaster deserti Kew 1914
Clypeaster europacificus Clark 1914
†Clypeaster excentricum Agassiz 1816
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Invalid names: Asterostoma dickersoni Sanchez Roig 1949 [synonym], Asterostoma irregularis Sanchez Roig 1952 [synonym]
†Clypeaster gatuni Jackson 1917
†Clypeaster herrerae Lambert 1926
†Clypeaster humilis Leske 1778
†Clypeaster japonicus Döderlein 1885
†Clypeaster lanceolatus Cotteau 1897
†Clypeaster lopezriosi Sanchez-Roig 1953
†Clypeaster maoadentroensis Kier 1992
†Clypeaster meridanensis Michelin 1850
Clypeaster ochrus Clark 1914
†Clypeaster oxybaphon Jackson 1922
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Invalid names: Clypeaster pinarensis Lambert and Sanchez-Roig 1949 [synonym], Clypeaster platygaster Jackson 1922 [synonym], Clypeaster polygonalis Sanchez-Roig 1949 [synonym], Clypeaster profundus Sanchez-Roig 1949 [synonym]
Clypeaster parrae Desmoulins 1835
†Clypeaster parvus Michelin 1861
†Clypeaster placentoides Jackson 1922
†Clypeaster planipetalum Cotteau 1897
†Clypeaster reticulatus Linnaeus 1758
†Clypeaster rogersi Morton 1834
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Invalid names: Clypeaster douvillei Stefanini 1911 [synonym], Clypeaster marinanus Jackson 1937 [synonym], Scutella jonesi Forbes 1845 [synonym]
Clypeaster rosaceus Linnaeus 1758
Clypeaster rotundus Agassiz 1863
†Clypeaster saipanicus Cooke 1957
†Clypeaster sanchezi Lambert 1924
Clypeaster speciosus Verrill 1870
†Clypeaster subdepressus Gray 1825
†Clypeaster sunnilandensis Kier 1963
†Clypeaster topilanus Jackson 1937
†Clypeaster virescens Döderlein 1885
Invalid names: Clypeasterinae Agassiz 1836 [empty], Echinanthidae Agassiz 1872 [synonym]
Fm. Fossulasteridae Philip and Foster 1971
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Invalid names: Scutellinoididae Irwin 1995 [invalid subgroup]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum | |||||
References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992, Aberhan et al. 2004 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bartonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 41.30000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 38.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 38.0 Ma
Collections (203 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Bartonian | Turkey | Clypeaster profondus (40794) | |
Priabonian | USA (Florida) | Clypeaster oxybaphon (3569) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | USA (Georgia) | Clypeaster sp. (57926) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Alabama) | Clypeaster rogersi (42155) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Cuba | Clypeaster armadilloensis (155855) Clypeaster lopezriosi (155854) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Jordan (Al Azraq) | Clypeaster biarritzensis (121549) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Somalia | Clypeaster biarritzensis (78952) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Iran | Clypeaster biarritzensis, Clypeaster sp. (192044) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Jamaica | Clypeaster batheri, Clypeaster oxybaphon (7214) Clypeaster julii, Clypeaster batheri, Clypeaster oxybaphon (7215) Clypeaster oxybaphon (7216) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Florida) | Clypeaster cotteaui, Clypeaster rogersi (35013) Clypeaster rogersi (61123) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Georgia) | Clypeaster cotteaui (90567) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Oman (Dhofar) | Clypeaster sp. (175334) | |
Rupelian | Australia (South Australia) | Scutellinoides patella (45823) | |
Rupelian | USA (Georgia) | Clypeaster cotteaui (155942) | |
Rupelian | USA (Mississippi) | Clypeaster rogersi (155947) | |
Rupelian | USA (Alabama) | Clypeaster rogersi (89611 101116 155945 155946) | |
Rupelian | USA (Florida) | Clypeaster cotteaui (35014) Clypeaster oxybaphon (155953) Clypeaster rogersi (35015 57924 155948 155949 155950 155951 155952) | |
Rupelian | Iran | Clypeaster sp. (111339) | |
Oligocene | Mexico (Veracruz) | Clypeaster marinanus, Clypeaster meridanensis, Clypeaster topilanus (204614) Clypeaster meridanensis (204613) | |
Oligocene | Mexico (Tamaulipas) | Clypeaster topilanus (204615) |