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Sivatheriinae
Taxonomy
Sivatheriinae was named by Zittel (1893).
It was assigned to Climacoceratidae by Mitchell and Skinner (2003); and to Giraffidae by Khan and Sarwar (2002), Harris et al. (2010) and Kahn et al. (2010).
It was assigned to Climacoceratidae by Mitchell and Skinner (2003); and to Giraffidae by Khan and Sarwar (2002), Harris et al. (2010) and Kahn et al. (2010).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1893 | Sivatheriinae Zittel p. 140 |
| 2002 | Sivatheriinae Khan and Sarwar p. 140 |
| 2003 | Sivatheriinae Mitchell and Skinner p. 64 figs. Figure 16 |
| 2010 | Sivatheriinae Harris et al. p. 804 |
| 2010 | Sivatheriinae Kahn et al. p. 122 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. †Sivatheriinae Zittel 1893
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G. †Sivatherium Falconer and Cautley 1836
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†Sivatherium giganteum Bohlin 1926
†Sivatherium hendeyi Harris 1976
†Sivatherium olduvaiense Singer and Boné 1960
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Miocene to the top of the Early/Lower Pleistocene or 23.03000 to 0.78100 Ma
Collections (38 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Miocene | Libya | Sivatheriinae indet. (13065) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | South Africa | Sivatherium olduvaiense (22220) Sivatherium sp. (22229) | |
| Tortonian - Messinian | Kenya | Sivatherium sp. (22241) | |
| Tortonian - Zanclean | Ethiopia | Sivatherium sp. (22139) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Tunisia | Sivatherium indet. (35274) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene | Morocco | Sivatherium sp. (34366) | |
| Messinian | Chad | Sivatherium hendeyi (59839) | |
| Messinian - Piacenzian | Kenya | Sivatherium sp. (22237) | |
| Messinian - Piacenzian | South Africa (Cape) | Sivatherium sp. (59167) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Tanzania | Sivatherium sp. (22044) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Spain (Murcia) | Sivatherium hendeyi (185681) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Ethiopia | Sivatherium sp. (22135) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | India (Punjab) | Sivatherium giganteum (236019) | |
| Zanclean | South Africa | Sivatherium hendeyi (22221 22222) | |
| Zanclean | Kenya | Sivatherium hendeyi (22234) | |
| Ruscinian | Russian Federation (Stavropol'skaya) | Sivatherium sp. (40394) | |
| Pliocene | Tajikistan | Sivatherium sp. (34444) | |
| Pliocene | Tanzania | Sivatherium sp. (22480) | |
| Pliocene | Malawi | Sivatherium sp. (22271 22559) | |
| Pliocene | Ethiopia (Afar) | Sivatherium sp. (70907) | |
| Pliocene | Russian Federation (West-Siberia) | Sivatherium sp. (44866) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | India (Panjab) | Sivatherium giganteum (51104 51106) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | India (Jammu) | Sivatherium giganteum (51102) | |
| Piacenzian | Chad | Sivatherium sp. (21962 22505 22506) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Uganda | Sivatherium sp. (22178) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Pakistan (Punjab) | Sivatherium sp., Indratherium compressus (109699) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) | Sivatherium sp. (189786) | |
| Gelasian - Calabrian | Ethiopia (Ethiopian Rift) | Sivatherium sp. (22491 22492 22494) | |
| Gelasian - Calabrian | Tanzania | Sivatherium sp. (21973) | |
| Calabrian | Tanzania | Sivatherium sp. (22625) |