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Paradoxides

Artiopoda - Redlichiida - Paradoxididae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1822Paradoxides Brongniart
1952Paradoxides Henningsmoen
1957Vinicella Snajdr
1958Vinicella Snajdr p. 85
2002Paradoxides Jell and Adrain p. 419
2002Vinicella Jell and Adrain p. 458
2002Paradoxides Sepkoski
2008Paradoxides Landing et al. p. 893

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
RankNameAuthor
classArtiopodaHou and Bergstrom
classTrilobitaWalch 1771
orderRedlichiidaRichter 1932
suborderRedlichiinaRichter 1932
superfamilyParadoxidoideaHawle and Corda 1847
familyParadoxididaeEmmrich 1839
genusParadoxidesBrongniart 1822

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Paradoxides Brongniart 1822
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Subg. †Paradoxides (Hydrocephalus) Barrande 1846
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†Hydrocephalus carens Barrande 1846
†Hydrocephalus vikensis Rushton and Weidner 2007
Invalid names: Paradoxides (Eoparadoxides) Solov''yev 1969 [synonym], Rejkocephalus Kordule 1990 [synonym]
Subg. †Paradoxides (Mawddachites) Fletcher 2007
†Paradoxides abenacus Matthew 1886
†Paradoxides forchhammeri Angelin 1851
†Paradoxides gracilis Boeck 1827
†Paradoxides paradoxissimus Wahlenberg 1821
†Paradoxides pinus Westergard 1936
†Paradoxides sjogreni Linnarsson 1877
Invalid names: Vinicella Snajdr 1957 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitec
Composition 2: chitinc
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 100 to < 1000g
Adult width: 10 to < 100g
Spines: minorg
Ontogeny: molting, addition of partsc
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: fast-movingo
Life habit: low-level epifaunalo
Diet: carnivoresuperf
Vision: well-developedf
Created: 2009-02-25 10:19:06
Modified: 2009-02-25 12:19:06
Source: g = genus, f = family, superf = superfamily, o = order, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Fortey and Owens 1999, Hendy 2009, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Delamaran to the top of the Menevian or 509.70000 to 499.50000 Ma

Collections (101 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Branchian516.2 - 506.5United Kingdom (England) P. sjogreni (79928)
Botomian - Lenian516.0 - 508.2Russian Federation (Siberia) Eccaparadoxides subenormis, P. sp. (10013) P. subenormis (9999)
Lenian516.0 - 508.2Sweden P. paradoxissimus (87184)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3Canada (New Brunswick) Acadoparadoxides acadicus (34599)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Russian Federation P. sp. (232942)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Czechia (Bohemia) Eccaparadoxides pusillus (67709) Eccaparadoxides pusillus, P. spp. (67708) Hydrocephalus mandiki, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Rejkocephalus knizeki (67738)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Norway (Rogaland) P. pinus (76545)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Poland P. insularis, P. samsonowiczi (72270)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Norway P. paradoxissimus (155475)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Spain (Zaragoza) Eccaparadoxides brachyrachys (90553) Eccaparadoxides pradoanus (203131)
Solvan - Menevian508.2 - 499.5Czechia Eccaparadoxides pusillus (73545) Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Hydrocephalus carens (73557 73561) Hydrocephalus lyelli (73539 73541) Hydrocephalus minor, Hydrocephalus rotundatus, Vinicella desiderata, P. gracilis (73537) Hydrocephalus rotundatus, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Hydrocephalus carens (73529)
Solvan - Menevian508.2 - 499.5Russian Federation (Siberia) Eccaparadoxides subenormis, P. sp. (10014) P. subenormis (10000)
Wuliuan506.5 - 504.5Sweden (Jämtland) P. paradoxissimus (240064)
Wuliuan506.5 - 504.5Sweden Hydrocephalus vikensis (240078)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Spain (León) P. sp. (90554)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Poland P. insularis, P. pinus (72269)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Eccaparadoxides brachyrachis, Eccaparadoxides mediterraneus (198923 198927) Eccaparadoxides macrocercus (198926) P. gen. et sp. indet (198925)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Spain Eccaparadoxides sdzuyi, Hydrocephalus donayrei, Eccaparadoxides pusillus (55265)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Středočeský kraj) P. gracilis (193781)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Italy (Iglesiente) P. sp. (139880)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Jince) Eccaparadoxides pusillus (76481 76483)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Bohemia) Eccaparadoxides rohanovicus, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Hydrocephalus carens (67775)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Vinice) Hydrocephalus minor, P. gracilis (76452)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Litavka) Eccaparadoxides pusillus (76454) Hydrocephalus minor, P. gracilis (76455) Hydrocephalus sp., Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Rejkocephalus sp. (76453)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0France P. rugulosus (59189) P. sp., Eccaparadoxides pusillus (56727)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Türkiye P. pradoanus (69934) P. remus (69933 69935 69936 69937 69956 69957 69958)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia Hydrocephalus carens (199038 199039)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Spain (Aragon) Hydrocephalus harlani (120551 120553)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Canada (New Brunswick) Acadoparadoxides acadicus (34574 34598 34600) Eccaparadoxides eteminicus (49053 49055 49056 49057 49070) Eccaparadoxides eteminicus, Eccaparadoxides lamellatus (49058)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0USA (Massachusetts) P. harlani (49340)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Spain (Leon) Eccaparadoxides asturianus, P. enormis (55503)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Spain (Zaragoza) Eccaparadoxides asturianus (90546) Eccaparadoxides pradoanus (141553) P. brachyrhachis (90560)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0United Kingdom (England) P. sp., P. forchammeri (55509)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Eccaparadoxides eteminicus, Eccaparadoxides acadicus (49059)
Taijangian - Wangcunian506.5 - 497.0Türkiye Eccaparadoxides sp. (133682 133683 133684 133685 133686)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Norway P. paradoxissimus (155477 155478) P. rugulosus (155476)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Sweden (Jämtland) P. forchhammeri (240067) P. paradoxissimus (240065 240066)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Czechia (Central Boemian) Eccaparadoxides rohanovicus, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Hydrocephalus carens (76456)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Canada (New Brunswick) P. abenacus (240657 240658 240659)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Poland P. polonicus, P. slowiecensis (72271) P. sp. (72272)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5United Kingdom (Wales) P. davidis (193783)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Sweden (Scania) P. sp. 1, P. paradoxissimus, Hydrocephalus carens (179691)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Denmark (Bornholm) P. davidis, P. paradoxissimus (75946) P. paradoxissimus (75947)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Spain (Zaragoza) Eccaparadoxides pradoanus, Eccaparadoxides brachyrachis (192403)
Marjumian504.5 - 497.0USA (South Carolina) P. polonicus (75063) P. polonicus, P. sp. (75062)
Marjumian504.5 - 497.0USA (Alaska) P. sp. (10508)
Boomerangian500.5 - 499.0Türkiye Eccaparadoxides sp. (155479 155556 155559)
Guzhangian500.5 - 497.0Sweden (Jämtland) P. forchhammeri (240068)
Guzhangian500.5 - 497.0Türkiye Eccaparadoxides sp. (155557)