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Paradoxididae

Artiopoda - Redlichiida - Paradoxididae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1839Paradoxididae Emmrich
1952Paradoxididae Henningsmoen
1972Paradoxididae Palmer and Gatehouse p. 13
1997Paradoxididae Whittington et al. p. 471
2002Paradoxididae Jell and Adrain p. 475
2008Paradoxididae Landing et al. p. 893
2011Paradoxididae Adrain p. 104

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
RankNameAuthor
classArtiopodaHou and Bergstrom
classTrilobitaWalch 1771
orderRedlichiidaRichter 1932
suborderRedlichiinaRichter 1932
superfamilyParadoxidoideaHawle and Corda 1847
familyParadoxididaeEmmrich 1839
familyParadoxididaeEmmrich 1839

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Paradoxididae Emmrich 1839
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G. †Acadoparadoxides Green 1834
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†Acadoparadoxides (Acadoparadoxides) torelli Westergård and Thorslund 1935
†Acadoparadoxides deani Geyer and Vincent 2015
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Invalid names: Paradoxides (Acadoparadoxides) mureroensis Sdzuy 1958 [synonym]
†Acadoparadoxides levisettii Geyer and Vincent 2015
†Acadoparadoxides ovatopyge Geyer and Vincent 2015
G. †Anabaraceps Repina 1972
G. †Anabaraspis Lermontova 1951
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†Anabaraspis cylindrica Lermontova 1951
†Anabaraspis splendens Lermontova 1951
Invalid names: Anabaraspis Lermontova 1951 [replaced]
G. †Baltoparadoxides Snajdr 1986
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†Baltoparadoxides oelandicus Sjögren 1872
G. †Mawddachites Fletcher 2007
G. †Paradoxides Brongniart 1822
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Subg. †Paradoxides (Hydrocephalus) Barrande 1846
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†Hydrocephalus carens Barrande 1846
†Hydrocephalus vikensis Rushton and Weidner 2007
Invalid names: Paradoxides (Eoparadoxides) Solov''yev 1969 [synonym], Rejkocephalus Kordule 1990 [synonym]
Subg. †Paradoxides (Mawddachites) Fletcher 2007
†Paradoxides abenacus Matthew 1886
†Paradoxides forchhammeri Angelin 1851
†Paradoxides gracilis Boeck 1827
†Paradoxides paradoxissimus Wahlenberg 1821
†Paradoxides pinus Westergard 1936
†Paradoxides sjogreni Linnarsson 1877
Invalid names: Vinicella Snajdr 1957 [synonym]
G. †Phanoptes Hawle and Corda 1847
G. †Plutonides Hicks 1895
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†Plutonides hicksii Salter 1866
Invalid names: Plutonia Hicks 1871 [replaced]
G. †Primoriella Repina 1973
G. †Schagonaria Poletaeva 1955
Invalid names: Paradoxidinae Emmrich 1839 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitec
Composition 2: chitinc
Entire body: yesf
Adult width: 10 to < 100f
Ontogeny: molting, addition of partsc
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: fast-movingo
Life habit: low-level epifaunalo
Diet: carnivoresuperf
Vision: well-developedf
Comments: BODY SIZE: Based on component genera; 3 of 3 genera share 10 to < 100 width, inconsistent length.f
Created: 2009-06-11 19:57:52
Modified: 2009-12-19 10:06:24
Source: f = family, superf = superfamily, o = order, c = class
References: Fortey and Owens 1999, Hendy 2009, Hendy et al. 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Botomian to the top of the Menevian or 516.00000 to 499.50000 Ma

Collections (138 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Branchian516.2 - 506.5United Kingdom (England) Paradoxides sjogreni (79928)
Botomian516.0 - 512.1Russian Federation Anabaraspis cylindrica (232937)
Botomian - Lenian516.0 - 508.2Russian Federation (Siberia) Eccaparadoxides subenormis, Paradoxides sp. (10013) Paradoxides subenormis (9999)
Lenian516.0 - 508.2Morocco Paradoxides mureroensis (161460)
Lenian516.0 - 508.2Sweden Paradoxides paradoxissimus (87184)
Toyonian512.1 - 508.2Russian Federation Anabaraspis splendens (225260)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3Canada (New Brunswick) Acadoparadoxides acadicus (34599)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3Morocco Acadoparadoxides levisettii (174218 174221 174222 174223) Acadoparadoxides mureroenis (174290 174291) Acadoparadoxides nobilis, Acadoparadoxides ovatopyge (174294) Acadoparadoxides pampalius (174208 174210 174217) Acadoparadoxides pampalius, Acadoparadoxides levisettii (174219 174220) Acadoparadoxides sp. (174203) Acadoparadoxides sp. A, Acadoparadoxides nobilis (174292) Acadoparadoxides sp. B, Acadoparadoxides nobilis, Acadoparadoxides ovatopyge, Acadoparadoxides briareus (174293)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Sweden (Oland) Acadoparadoxides sp. (225039 225040)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Norway (Rogaland) Paradoxides pinus, Paradoxides oelandicus (76545)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Poland Paradoxides insularis, Paradoxides samsonowiczi, Paradoxides oelandicus, Paradoxides torelli (72270)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Czechia (Bohemia) Acadoparadoxides sirokyi, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Paradoxides sacheri, Paradoxides spp. (67708) Acadoparadoxides sirokyi, Hydrocephalus mandiki, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Rejkocephalus knizeki (67738) Eccaparadoxides pusillus (67709)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Russian Federation Anabaraspis sp., Anabaraspis splendens (232940) Anabaraspis sp., Anabaraspis splendens, Anabaraspis cylindrica (232941) Anabaraspis splendens (232938 232939) Paradoxides sp., Anabaraspis cylindrica (232942)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Norway Paradoxides paradoxissimus (155475)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Sweden (Norrbotten) Eccaparadoxides oelandicus (9782)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Spain (Zaragoza) Eccaparadoxides brachyrachys (90553) Eccaparadoxides pradoanus (203131)
Solvan - Menevian508.2 - 499.5Czechia Acadoparadoxides sacheri, Hydrocephalus rotundatus, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Hydrocephalus carens (73529) Eccaparadoxides pusillus (73545) Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Hydrocephalus carens (73557 73561) Hydrocephalus lyelli (73539 73541) Hydrocephalus minor, Hydrocephalus rotundatus, Vinicella desiderata, Paradoxides gracilis (73537)
Solvan - Menevian508.2 - 499.5Russian Federation (Siberia) Eccaparadoxides subenormis, Paradoxides sp. (10014) Paradoxides subenormis (10000)
Wuliuan506.5 - 504.5Sweden (Jämtland) Paradoxides paradoxissimus (240064)
Wuliuan506.5 - 504.5Sweden Acadoparadoxides sp., Acadoparadoxides torelli, Hydrocephalus vikensis (240078)
Wuliuan - Drumian506.5 - 500.5Canada (Newfoundland) Plutonides hicksii (240663)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Poland Paradoxides insularis, Paradoxides pinus, Paradoxides oelandicus (72269)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Středočeský kraj) Paradoxides gracilis (193781)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Spain (Aragon) Acadoparadoxides mureroensis, Hydrocephalus harlani (120551 120553)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Türkiye Paradoxides pentagonalis (69959) Paradoxides pradoanus (69934) Paradoxides remus (69933 69935 69936 69937 69956 69957 69958)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Bohemia) Eccaparadoxides rohanovicus, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Hydrocephalus carens (67775)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Italy (Iglesiente) Acadoparadoxides mureroensis (139878 139879) Paradoxides sp. (139880)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0France Paradoxides rugulosus (59189) Paradoxides sp., Eccaparadoxides pusillus (56727)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia Hydrocephalus carens (199038 199039)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Spain (León) Paradoxides sp. (90554)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Spain Eccaparadoxides sdzuyi, Hydrocephalus donayrei, Eccaparadoxides pusillus (55265)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Litavka) Acadoparadoxides sp., Eccaparadoxides pusillus (76454) Hydrocephalus minor, Paradoxides gracilis (76455) Hydrocephalus sp., Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Rejkocephalus sp. (76453)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Eccaparadoxides brachyrachis, Eccaparadoxides mediterraneus (198923 198927) Eccaparadoxides macrocercus (198926) Paradoxides gen. et sp. indet (198925)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Vinice) Hydrocephalus minor, Paradoxides gracilis (76452)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Czechia (Jince) Acadoparadoxides sirokyi, Eccaparadoxides pusillus (76481 76483)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Spain (Zaragoza) Eccaparadoxides asturianus (90546) Eccaparadoxides pradoanus (141553) Paradoxides brachyrhachis (90560)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Spain (Leon) Eccaparadoxides asturianus, Paradoxides enormis (55503)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Canada (New Brunswick) Acadoparadoxides acadicus (34574 34598 34600) Eccaparadoxides eteminicus (49053 49055 49056 49057 49070) Eccaparadoxides eteminicus, Eccaparadoxides lamellatus (49058)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0United Kingdom (England) Paradoxides sp., Paradoxides forchammeri (55509)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Eccaparadoxides eteminicus, Eccaparadoxides acadicus (49059)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0USA (Massachusetts) Paradoxides harlani (49340)
Taijangian - Wangcunian506.5 - 497.0Türkiye Eccaparadoxides sp. (133682 133683 133684 133685 133686)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Czechia (Central Boemian) Eccaparadoxides rohanovicus, Eccaparadoxides pusillus, Hydrocephalus carens (76456)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Sweden (Jämtland) Paradoxides forchhammeri (240067) Paradoxides paradoxissimus (240065 240066)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Norway Paradoxides paradoxissimus (155477 155478) Paradoxides rugulosus (155476)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Poland Paradoxides polonicus, Paradoxides slowiecensis, Paradoxides oelandicus (72271) Paradoxides sp. (72272)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5Canada (New Brunswick) Paradoxides abenacus (240657 240658 240659)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5United Kingdom (Wales) Paradoxides davidis (193783) Paradoxides hicksii (198942)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Denmark (Bornholm) Paradoxides davidis, Paradoxides paradoxissimus (75946) Paradoxides paradoxissimus (75947)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Spain (Zaragoza) Eccaparadoxides pradoanus, Eccaparadoxides brachyrachis (192403)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Sweden (Scania) Mawddachites hicksii (176679) Paradoxides sp. 1, Paradoxides paradoxissimus, Hydrocephalus carens (179691)
Marjumian504.5 - 497.0USA (South Carolina) Paradoxides polonicus (75063) Paradoxides polonicus, Paradoxides sp. (75062)
Marjumian504.5 - 497.0USA (Alaska) Paradoxides sp. (10508)
Undillan503.0 - 500.5Germany Acadoparadoxides sp. A (186155 186156 186158 186167)
Boomerangian500.5 - 499.0Türkiye Acadoparadoxides pentagonalis (155555) Eccaparadoxides sp. (155479 155556 155559)
Guzhangian500.5 - 497.0Türkiye Acadoparadoxides pentagonalis (155558) Eccaparadoxides sp. (155557)
Guzhangian500.5 - 497.0Sweden (Jämtland) Paradoxides forchhammeri (240068)