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Parafusulina
Taxonomy
Parafusulina was named by Dunbar and Skinner (1931) [Sepkoski's age data: P Sakm-u P Dora Sepkoski's reference number: 145,936].
It was assigned to Schwagerininae by Toriyama (1981), Ueno and Sakagami (1993); to Foraminiferida by Sepkoski (2002); to Pseudofusulinidae by Stevens and Stone (2007); and to Schwagerinidae by Loeblich and Tappan (1984), Kobayashi (2005), Kobayashi (2006), Kobayashi (2011).
It was assigned to Schwagerininae by Toriyama (1981), Ueno and Sakagami (1993); to Foraminiferida by Sepkoski (2002); to Pseudofusulinidae by Stevens and Stone (2007); and to Schwagerinidae by Loeblich and Tappan (1984), Kobayashi (2005), Kobayashi (2006), Kobayashi (2011).
Species
P. (Parafusulina), P. antimonioensis, P. bakeri, P. boesei, P. californica, P. cerrogordoensis, P. complexa, P. fountaini, P. fusoidea, P. gifuensis, P. guatemalaensis, P. halli, P. japonica (syn. Schwagerina gigantojaponica), P. juncea, P. kaerimizensis, P. kingorum, P. kinosakii, P. klamathensis, P. kummeli, P. lata, P. lineata, P. maleyi, P. mccloudensis, P. multiseptata, P. nakamigawai, P. nosonensis, P. owensensis, P. parakinosakii, P. peruana, P. potterensis, P. rothi (syn. P. dunbari), P. sangobensis, P. sapperi, P. sellardsi, P. shimotsukensis, P. splendens, P. sullivanensis, P. tochigiensis, P. tomeganensis (syn. P. undata, P. (Parafusulina) kuzuensis), P. tomowoozawai, P. ubehebensis, P. virga, P. wordensis, P. yabei (syn. P. tomuroensis, P. nabeyamensis), P. yoshiakiozawai
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1931 | Parafusulina Dunbar and Skinner pp. 258-261 figs. Pl. 2, figs. 1-4 |
| 1981 | Parafusulina Toriyama p. 14 |
| 1984 | Parafusulina Loeblich and Tappan |
| 1993 | Parafusulina Ueno and Sakagami p. 284 |
| 2002 | Parafusulina Sepkoski |
| 2005 | Parafusulina Kobayashi p. 427 |
| 2006 | Parafusulina Kobayashi p. 45 |
| 2007 | Parafusulina Stevens and Stone |
| 2011 | Parafusulina Kobayashi p. 469 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Parafusulina Dunbar and Skinner 1931
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Subg. †Parafusulina (Parafusulina) Dunbar and Skinner 1931
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†Parafusulina (Parafusulina) amoena Skinner 1971
†Parafusulina antimonioensis Dunbar 1953
†Parafusulina bakeri Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina boesei Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina boesei attenuata Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina californica von Staff 1910
†Parafusulina cerrogordoensis Stevens and Stone 2009
†Parafusulina complexa Stevens and Stone 2009
†Parafusulina fountaini Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina fusoidea Leven 1992
†Parafusulina gifuensis Morikawa 1958
†Parafusulina guatemalaensis Dunbar 1939
†Parafusulina halli Stevens and Stone 2009
†Parafusulina japonica Guembel 1874
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Invalid names: Schwagerina gigantojaponica Kobayashi 1957 [synonym]
†Parafusulina juncea Skinner and Wilde 1965
†Parafusulina kaerimizensis Ozawa 1925
†Parafusulina kingorum Dunbar and Skinner 1936
†Parafusulina kinosakii Morikawa 1958
†Parafusulina klamathensis Skinner and Wilde 1965
†Parafusulina kummeli Roberts 1949
†Parafusulina lata Reichel 1940
†Parafusulina lineata Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina maleyi Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina maleyi referta Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina mccloudensis Skinner and Wilde 1965
†Parafusulina multiseptata Schellwien 1898
†Parafusulina nakamigawai Morikawa and Horiguchi 1956
†Parafusulina nosonensis Thompson and Wheeler 1946
†Parafusulina owensensis Stevens and Stone 2009
†Parafusulina parakinosakii Morikawa and Isomi 1961
†Parafusulina peruana Roberts 1949
†Parafusulina potterensis Skinner and Wilde 1965
†Parafusulina rothi Dunbar and Skinner 1936
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Invalid names: Parafusulina dunbari Needham 1937 [synonym]
†Parafusulina sangobensis Leven 1992
†Parafusulina sapperi Staff 1912
†Parafusulina sellardsi Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina shimotsukensis Kobayashi 2006
†Parafusulina splendens Dunbar and Skinner 1937
†Parafusulina sullivanensis Ross 1963
†Parafusulina tochigiensis Kobayashi 2006
†Parafusulina tomeganensis Morikawa 1958
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Invalid names: Parafusulina (Parafusulina) kuzuensis Chisaka and Fuse 1973 [synonym], Parafusulina undata Morikawa 1958 [synonym]
†Parafusulina tomowoozawai Kobayashi 2011
†Parafusulina ubehebensis Stevens and Stone 2009
†Parafusulina virga Thompson and Wheeler 1946
†Parafusulina wordensis Dunbar and Skinner 1931
†Parafusulina yabei Hanzawa 1942
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Invalid names: Parafusulina nabeyamensis Morikawa and Takaoka 1961 [synonym], Parafusulina tomuroensis Morikawa and Takaoka 1961 [synonym]
†Parafusulina yoshiakiozawai Kobayashi 2011
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Loeblich and Tappan 1984, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Sakmarian to the top of the Capitanian or 293.52000 to 259.51000 Ma
Collections (252 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisuralian | Canada (British Columbia) | P. sp. (185044) | |
| Cisuralian - Guadalupian | Belize (Stan Creek) | P. sp. (216146) | |
| Sakmarian | Mexico (Sonora) | P. sp. (39182 39184 39185) P. spissisepta (39183) | |
| Sakmarian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | P. lutugini (212501 215960) | |
| Sakmarian - Artinskian | Mexico (Chihuahua) | P. sp. (75754) | |
| Artinskian | China (Guizhou) | P. sp. (185578) | |
| Artinskian | USA (Texas) | P. sp., P. bakeri (151476) | |
| Artinskian | China (Jilin) | P. sp. (59077) | |
| Artinskian | USA (California) | P. cerrogordoensis (115929) P. cerrogordoensis, P. ubehebensis (115957) P. mccloudensis (131783 131788 131789) P. ubehebensis (115956) | |
| Artinskian - Kungurian | USA (Texas) | P. bakeri (113201) | |
| Artinskian - Capitanian | Japan | P. japonica (128994 129000) | |
| Kungurian | USA (Nevada) | P. sp. (116807) | |
| Kungurian | Japan | P. kuzuensis (128528) P. kuzuensis, P. yabei (128529 128530 128533 128534 128535 128536 128537 128538 128539) P. nakamigawai, P. tomowoozawai (128712 128713 128714) P. sp. (128541 131084) P. sp., P. nakamigawai (128542) P. tomowoozawai (128711) P. yabei (128531 128532 149804 149805) | |
| Kungurian | Thailand | P. nakamigawai (118844) | |
| Kungurian | Tajikistan | P. fusoidea (130173 130347) P. sangobensis (130345 130346) | |
| Kungurian | Cuba | P. sp. (52159) | |
| Kungurian | USA (Texas) | P. amoena (128874 128875 128876 128877 128879) | |
| Kungurian | USA (California) | P. complexa (115933) P. complexa, P. halli (115951) P. durhami (129069) P. durhami, P. sp. 1, P. bakeri, P. splendens (129071) P. owensensis (115932) | |
| Kungurian | Guatemala | P. guatemalaensis (129728 129729) P. sapperi (129727) | |
| Kungurian | China (Anhui) | P. chekiangensis (100210 100211) P. lungtangensis, P. chekiangensis, P. multiseptata (100208) P. sp. (100209) | |
| Kungurian | China (Guizhou) | P. sp. (185573) P. splendens (185575) | |
| Kungurian | China (Xizang) | P. multiseptata, P. lata (132010) | |
| Kungurian | Venezuela (Merida) | P. sellardsi (41511) | |
| Kungurian - Roadian | Türkiye | P. sp. (98020) | |
| Kungurian - Wordian | Japan | P. kaerimizensis (129076) | |
| Ufimian - Kubergandian | Japan (Gifu) | P. yabei (206928) | |
| Ufimian - Kazanian | China (Qinghai) | P. dainelis, P. yabei (68581) P. gigantea, P. dainelis, P. multiseptata (68582) | |
| Roadian | China (Guizhou) | P. boesei, P. splendens (185570) P. yabei (185569) | |
| Roadian | Iran | P. pseudopadangensis (112932) P. sp. (81123) | |
| Roadian | USA (Texas) | P. sp. (127786 127787) | |
| Roadian | USA (California) | P. nosonensis, P. klamathensis, P. californica, P. potterensis (128244 128483 128686) P. virga (128480 128481) P. virga, P. nosonensis, P. klamathensis, P. potterensis (128482) | |
| Roadian | Mexico (Coahuila) | P. bosei, P. sellardsi (63056) P. deliciasensis, P. sellardsi (63099) P. sellardsi (63057) | |
| Roadian | Japan | Fusulina japonica (133437) P. gifuensis (128741 128742 128743 128744 128746 128751) P. japonica (128517 128519 128521 128522 128524 128526 128757 128759) P. japonica, P. shimotsukensis, P. tochigiensis (128525) P. japonica, P. tochigiensis (128756) P. kaerimizensis (173376) P. parakinosakii (128753 128754 128755 128758) P. parakinosakii, P. tomeganensis (128752) P. sp. (105232) P. sp., P. kaerimizensis, P. nakamigawai (105231) P. sp., P. yoshiakiozawai (128722) P. tochigiensis (128518 128527) P. tomeganensis (128747 128750) P. tomeganensis, P. gifuensis (128745 128748 128749) P. yabei (128540) P. yoshiakiozawai (128715 128716 128717 128718 128719 128720 128721 128723 128724 128726 128727 128728 128729 128730 128731 128732 128733 128734 128735 128736 128738 128739 128740 128818 128819 128820) P. yoshiakiozawai, P. gifuensis (128725) | |
| Roadian | Ukraine | P. cincta (110832) P. cincta, P. erratoseptata, P. crassiseptata, P. undulcata, P. nakamigawai, P. japonica (110831) P. granumavenae, P. tchuenkovi, P. yabei (110836) P. nakamigavai, P. crassispira, P. muratbekovi, P. undulata, P. multiseptata (110830) | |
| Roadian | China (Nei Mongol) | P. sp. (34562) | |
| Roadian | Thailand | P. sp. (128238) | |
| Roadian | China (Xinjiang) | P. japonica (123272) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation | Skinnerella multiseptata (193091) | |
| Roadian - Wordian | Mexico (Sonora) | P. boesei (39180) | |
| Roadian - Wordian | USA (California) | P. californica (105669) P. californica, P. maleyi (105668) | |
| Guadalupian | Mexico (Coahuila) | P. deliciasensis (62919) | |
| Guadalupian | Laos | Fusulina japonica (139262) | |
| Guadalupian | Türkiye | P. sp. (98204) | |
| Guadalupian | USA (Alaska) | P. sp. A (115922) | |
| Wordian | USA (California) | P. juncea (131631) | |
| Wordian | Ukraine | P. nakamigawai, P. japonica, P. sapperi (110834) | |
| Wordian | Russian Federation | Skinnerella nabeyamensis (193081) | |
| Wordian | Iran | P. nakazawai (112910) P. pseudopadangensis (112937) | |
| Wordian | Mexico (Coahuila) | P. deliciasensis (62874 62901 62918 62921) | |
| Wordian | USA (Alaska) | P. sp. (115921) | |
| Wordian | Japan | P. japonica (128495 128496 128497 128502 128503 128504 128505 128506 128507 128509 128512 128514 128515 128516 128760 128762 128764 128765 128766 128768 128769 128770 128773 128774 128775 128776 128783 128784 128789 128791 128800 128809 128810 128811 128813 128814 128816 128817 128821 129074 129075) P. japonica, P. gifuensis (128806 128807) P. japonica, P. kinosakii (128790 128792 128794 128795 128796 128860) P. japonica, P. kinosakii, P. gifuensis (128793) P. japonica, P. shimotsukensis, P. tochigiensis (128510 128511 128799) P. japonica, P. tochigiensis (128812) P. japonica, P. tochigiensis, P. kinosakii (128798) P. kinosakii (128801) P. shimotsukensis, P. tochigiensis (128498 128499 128500 128501 128513 128523 128787 128788) P. sp. (130715) P. sp. A, P. japonica, P. shimotsukensis, P. tochigiensis (128797) P. tochigiensis (128763 128772) | |
| Wordian | Mexico (Sonora) | P. antimonioensis (40826) P. sp. (40831) | |
| Wordian - Capitanian | China (Yunnan) | P. sp. (132513) | |
| Wordian - Capitanian | Japan | P. japonica (128987) | |
| Capitanian | Iran | P. sp. (118228) | |
| Capitanian | USA (California) | P. californica (105673) | |
| Capitanian | Japan | P. sp. (211620 211622) |