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Kawina
Taxonomy
Kawina was named by Barton (1916). Its type is Pseudosphaerexochus vulcanus.
It was assigned to Phacopida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Cheiruridae by Jell and Adrain (2002).
It was assigned to Phacopida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Cheiruridae by Jell and Adrain (2002).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1916 | Kawina Barton |
| 1963 | Cydonocephalus Whittington p. 97 |
| 2002 | Kawina Jell and Adrain p. 391 |
| 2002 | Cydonocephalus Sepkoski |
| 2002 | Kawina Sepkoski |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Kawina Barton 1916
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†Kawina arnoldi Whittington 1963
†Kawina chazyensis Raymond 1905
†Kawina divergens Reed 1945
†Kawina griphus Whittington 1963
†Kawina limbata Whittington 1963
†Kawina mercurius Billings 1865
†Kawina prolificus Billings 1865
†Kawina prominulus Whittington 1963
†Kawina scrobiculus Whittington 1963
†Kawina sinica Zhou et al. 2014
†Kawina torulus Whittington 1963
†Kawina trentonensis Clarke 1897
†Kawina vulcanus Billings 1865
†Kawina webbi Hintze 1953
†Kawina wilsoni Ross, Jr. 1972
Invalid names: Cydonocephalus Whittington 1963 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Blackhillsian to the top of the Llanvirn or 475.30000 to 458.20000 Ma
Collections (50 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cassinian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | K. sp. (75589) | |
| Arenigian - Llanvirn | Canada (Northwest Territories) | K. sp. (25285) | |
| Billingen | Norway (Spitsbergen) | Cydonocephalus sp. (106473) | |
| Blackhillsian | USA (Utah) | K. sp. (295) K. webbi (63929) | |
| Rangerian | USA (Utah) | K. wilsoni (37462) | |
| Rangerian | USA (California) | Cydonocephalus sp. (104638) | |
| Rangerian | USA (Nevada) | Cydonocephalus sp. (297 104448) K. sp. (80067 104450 104461) K. wilsoni (80059 104654) | |
| Castlemainian - Yapeenian | Ireland | K. divergens (153922) | |
| Dapingian | USA (California) | Cydonocephalus scrobiculus (104639) | |
| Chazyan | USA (New York) | Pseudosphaerexochus chazyensis (56215 172226 172310) | |
| Chazyan | Canada (Quebec) | K. sp. (305 311 435) | |
| Chazyan | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | Cydonocephalus sp. (104861) | |
| Whiterockian | USA (New York) | K. chazyensis (103011 103014) | |
| Whiterockian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Cydonocephalus torulus (102252 102258 102259 102262 102265) | |
| Whiterockian | USA (Oklahoma) | K. sp. (105623 105625) | |
| Whiterockian | USA (Vermont) | K. chazyensis (103298) | |
| Whiterockian | Norway (Spitsbergen) | K. sp. A, K. sp. B, K. wilsoni (106480) | |
| Whiterockian | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | K. sp. (104863) K. sp., Cydonocephalus torulus, K. vulcanus, K. limbata, K. arnoldi, Cydonocephalus griphus, Cydonocephalus scrobiculus, Cydonocephalus prolificus, Cydonocephalus prominulus, Cydonocephalus mercurius (104752) | |
| Whiterockian | USA (Nevada) | Cydonocephalus sp. (104451 104457) K. sp. (80055 80073 104449) K. wilsoni (14232 80062) | |
| Whiterockian | Canada (Quebec) | K. sp. (111361 111461) | |
| Darriwilian | China (Xinjiang) | K. sp., K. sinica (188380) | |
| Darriwilian | China | Cydonocephalus sp., K. sp. (154901) | |
| Llanvirn | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | K. sp. (78097) K. sp., K. arnoldi (78099) | |
| Llandeilo - Caradoc | Canada (Northwest Territories) | K. sp. (316) |