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Hedera (ivy)
Taxonomy
Hedera was named by Linnaeus (1753). It is extant. Its type is Hedera helix.
It was assigned to Vitaceae by Knowlton (1919); and to Araliaceae by Berry (1914), Lakhanpal et al. (1976) and Chauhan (1991).
It was assigned to Vitaceae by Knowlton (1919); and to Araliaceae by Berry (1914), Lakhanpal et al. (1976) and Chauhan (1991).
Species
H. auriculata, H. bruneri, H. cecilensis, H. cretacea, H. decurrens, H. helix (type species), H. macclurii, H. marginata, H. microphylla, H. minima, H. nepalensis, H. obliqua, H. orbiculata, H. ovalis, H. parvula, H. platanoidea, H. primordialis, H. quinquefolia, H. rotundifolia, H. schimperi, H. simplex
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1753 | Hedera Linnaeus p. 202 |
| 1914 | Hedera Berry p. 57 |
| 1919 | Hedera Knowlton |
| 1976 | Hedera Lakhanpal et al. |
| 1991 | Hedera Chauhan |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Hedera Linnaeus 1753 [ivy]
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†Hedera auriculata Heer 1869
†Hedera bruneri Ward 1885
†Hedera cecilensis Berry 1910
†Hedera cretacea Lesquereux 1891
†Hedera decurrens Lesquereux 1891
Hedera helix Linnaeus 1753
†Hedera macclurii Heer 1868
†Hedera marginata Lesquereux 1883
†Hedera microphylla Lesquereux 1891
†Hedera minima Ward 1885
Hedera nepalensis Koch 1853
†Hedera obliqua Newberry 1891
†Hedera orbiculata Heer 1874
†Hedera ovalis Lesquereux 1874
†Hedera parvula Ward 1885
†Hedera platanoidea Lesquereux 1874
†Hedera primordialis Saporta 1879
Hedera quinquefolia Linnaeus 1753
†Hedera rotundifolia Knowlton 1918
†Hedera schimperi Lesquereux 1875
†Hedera simplex Hollick 1906
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Cenomanian to the top of the Pleistocene or 99.60000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.5 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.5 Ma
Collections (12 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Canada (British Columbia) | Hedera cretacea (31887) | |
| Campanian | USA (South Carolina) | Hedera primordialis (211425) Hedera primorialis (212236) | |
| Chattian | France (Bouches-Du-Rhone) | Hedera philiberti (113682) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | Poland (Silesia) | Hedera sp. (28443) | |
| Pliocene | Portugal | Hedera sp. (232121 232122 232147 232148) | |
| Piacenzian | Germany (Thuringia) | Hedera helix (22778) | |
| Pleistocene | India (Kashmir) | Hedera helix, Hedera nepalensis (224612 224751) |