Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Gemmina

Bivalvia - Cardiida - Veneridae

Taxonomy
Gemminae was named by Dall (1902). It is extant.

It was reranked as the subfamily Gemmina by Carter et al. (2011).

It was assigned to Veneridae by Gardner (1943), Vokes (1980), Woodring (1982), Pacaud and Le Renard (1995), Bieler and Mikkelsen (2006), Bouchet et al. (2010); and to Meretricini by Carter et al. (2011).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1902Gemminae Dall
1943Gemminae Gardner pp. 127, 135
1980Gemminae Vokes p. 174
1982Gemminae Woodring p. 708
1995Gemminae Pacaud and Le Renard p. 183
2006Gemminae Bieler and Mikkelsen p. 233
2010Gemminae Bouchet et al.
2011Gemmina Carter et al. p. 17

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
CardioniFerussac 1822
RankNameAuthor
CardiidiaFerussac 1822
CardiataFerussac 1822
superorderCardiiformiiFerussac 1822
orderCardiidaFerussac 1822
suborderCardiidinaFerussac 1822
Veneroidei(Gray 1854)
VeneroiteiGray 1854
superfamilyVeneroidea(Rafinesque 1815)
familyVeneridaeRafinesque 1815
subfamilyMeretricinaeGray 1847
tribeMeretriciniGray 1847
subfamilyGemmina(Dall 1902)
subfamilyGemmina(Dall 1902)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Gemmina Dall 1902
show all | hide all
G. Parastarte Conrad 1862
hide
Parastarte antillensis Woodring 1925
Parastarte psila Woodring 1982
G. †Plesiastarte Fischer 1887
G. †Rohini
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitef
Locomotion: facultatively mobilef
Life habit: infaunalf
Diet: suspension feederf
Vision: blindc
Created: 2007-10-08 06:38:03
Modified: 2009-08-18 20:15:30
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Eocene to the top of the Holocene or 37.71000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma

Collections (24 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9Panama Parastarte sp. (42533 42538)
Aquitanian23.04 - 20.45Panama Parastarte sp. (42607)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98USA (Florida) Parastarte chipolana (42328)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Iraq Parastarte sp. (173233)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Panama Parastarte psila (93145)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Panama (Colon) Parastarte sp. (136014)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58USA (Florida) Parastarte sp. (75021)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Parastarte triquetra (41749)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58USA (Florida) Parastarte triquetra (59484)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Jamaica Parastarte antillensis (58522)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774USA (Florida) Gemma triquetra (79338) Parastarte sp. (75006 75008) Parastarte triquetra (41501 41539 41718)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774USA (Florida) Parastarte triquetra (41705)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Florida) Parastarte triquetra (61310)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Parastarte triquetra (41740 61311 96538)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Mississippi) Parastarte sp. (92522 92523)