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Buthoidea

Arachnida - Scorpiones

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1837Buthoidea Koch
2003Buthoidea Soleglad and Fet p. 89
2013Buthoidea Dunlop et al. p. 36

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
—Deuteropoda
subphylumChelicerataHeymons 1901
—EuchelicerataWeygoldt and Paulus 1979
—Prosomapoda
RankNameAuthor
—Planaterga
—Dekatriata
—SclerophorataKamenz et al. 2011
classArachnidaLamarck 1801
—Stomothecata
orderScorpionesLatreille 1817
suborderOrthosternina()
—Buthida
superfamilyButhoideaKoch 1837
superfamilyButhoideaKoch 1837

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. Buthoidea Koch 1837
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Fm. Ananteridae Pocock 1900
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G. †Archaeoananteroides Lourenço 2016
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†Archaeoananteroides carusoi Lourenço 2025
Fm. †Archaeobuthidae Lourenço 2001
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G. †Archaeobuthus Lourenço 2001
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†Archaeobuthus estephani Lourenço 2001
Fm. Buthidae Koch 1837
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G. Centruroides Marx 1890
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Centruroides nitidus Thorell 1876
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Invalid names: Centruroides beynai Schawaller 1979 [synonym]
Invalid names: Centrurus Ehrenberg 1829 [replaced]
G. †Cretaceousbuthus Lourenço 2022
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†Cretaceousbuthus fraaijeorum Lourenço 2022
†Cretaceousbuthus petersi Lourenço 2023
G. Microcharmus Lourenco 1995
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†Microcharmus henderickxi Lourenço 2009
G. Microtityus Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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†Microtityus ambarensis Schawaller 1982
G. †Palaeoakentrobuthus Lourenço and Weitschat 2000
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†Palaeoakentrobuthus knodeli Lourenço and Weitschat 2000
G. †Palaeoananteris Lourenço and Weitschat 2001
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†Palaeoananteris ribnitiodamgartensis Lourenço and Weitschat 2001
†Palaeoananteris ukrainensis Lourenço and Weitschat 2009
†Palaeoananteris wunderlichi Lourenço 2004
G. †Palaeobutheolus Lourenço 2025
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G. †Palaeogrosphus Lourenço 2000
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†Palaeogrosphus copalensis Lourenço 1996
†Palaeogrosphus jacquesi Lourenço and Henderickx 2012
G. †Palaeoisometrus Lourenço and Weitschat 2005
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†Palaeoisometrus elegans Lourenço and Weitschat 2005
G. †Palaeolychas Lourenço and Weitschat 1996
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†Palaeolychas balticus Lourenço and Weitschat 1996
†Palaeolychas weitschati Lourenço 2012
G. †Palaeoprotobuthus Lourenço and Weitschat 2000
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†Palaeoprotobuthus pusillus Lourenço and Weitschat 2000
G. †Palaeospinobuthus Lourenço et al. 2005
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†Palaeospinobuthus cenozoicus Lourenço et al. 2005
G. †Palaeotityobuthus Lourenço and Weitschat 2000
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†Palaeotityobuthus longiaculeus Lourenço and Weitschat 2000
G. Tityus Koch 1836
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Subg. Tityus (Brazilotityus) Lourenco 2006
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†Tityus apozonalli Riquelme et al. 2015
†Tityus geratus Santiago-Blay and Poinar 1988
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Invalid names: Tityus (Brazilotityus) hartkorni Lourenço 2009 [synonym], Tityus azari Lourenço 2013 [synonym]
G. †Uintascorpio Perry 1995
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Invalid names: Microcharmidae Lourenco 1996 [synonym], Scorpio schweiggeri Holl 1829 [nomen dubium], Tityus eogenus Menge 1869 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Palaeoburmesebuthidae Lourenço 2015
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G. †Betaburmesebuthus Lourenço 2015
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†Betaburmesebuthus bellus Lourenço 2016
†Betaburmesebuthus fleissneri Lourenço and Velten 2016
†Betaburmesebuthus fuscus Xuan et al. 2023
†Betaburmesebuthus groehni Lourenço 2025
†Betaburmesebuthus joergi Lourenço and Rossi 2017
†Betaburmesebuthus knodelorum Lourenço 2021
†Betaburmesebuthus kobberti Lourenço 2015
†Betaburmesebuthus larafleissnerae Lourenço and Velten 2016
†Betaburmesebuthus muelleri Lourenço 2015
†Betaburmesebuthus pohli Lourenço and Velten 2017
†Betaburmesebuthus spinipedis Xuan et al. 2022
†Betaburmesebuthus villosus Xuan et al. 2023
Invalid names: Spinoburmesebuthus Lourenço and Velten 2017 [synonym]
G. †Palaeoburmesebuthus Lourenço 2002
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†Palaeoburmesebuthus ohlhoffi Lourenço 2015
G. †Paranotaburmesebuthus Lourenço 2024
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Fm. †Protobuthidae Lourenço and Gall 2004
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G. †Protobuthus Lourenço and Gall 2004
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†Protobuthus elegans Lourenço and Gall 2004
†Protobuthus ziliolii Viaretti et al. 2023
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitinc
Grouping: solitaryc
Environment: terrestrialc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2017-04-17 09:55:58
Modified: 2017-04-17 09:55:58
Source: c = class
Reference: Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aegean to the top of the Holocene or 246.70000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 244.99 Ma

Collections (37 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Aegean246.7 - 244.99France Protobuthus elegans (107683)
Illyrian - Fassanian243.33 - 239.48Italy Protobuthus ziliolii (117255)
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4Lebanon Archaeobuthus estephani (153585)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Myanmar Archaeoananteroides carusoi (238725) Betaburmesebuthus bellus, Betaburmesebuthus groehni (172900) Betaburmesebuthus kobberti (196549) Betaburmesebuthus sp., Betaburmesebuthus bellus, Betaburmesebuthus kobberti, Betaburmesebuthus spinipedis, Betaburmesebuthus fleissneri, Betaburmesebuthus larafleissnerae, Betaburmesebuthus muelleri, Betaburmesebuthus villosus, Betaburmesebuthus fuscus (161726) Cretaceousbuthus fraaijeorum (230230) Cretaceousbuthus petersi (230231) Palaeoburmesebuthus grimaldii (111688 123020) Palaeoburmesebuthus ohlhoffi (196547) Palaeoburmesebuthus sp. (144466) Paranotaburmesebuthus schmidti, Palaeobutheolus andreschmidti (234345) Spinoburmesebuthus knodelorum (230226)
Bridgerian51.1 - 45.9USA (Colorado) Uintascorpio halandrasi (153589)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Russian Federation (Kaliningrad) Palaeoakentrobuthus knodeli (155731) Palaeoananteris ribnitiodamgartensis (155982) Palaeoananteris wunderlichi (124318) Palaeoisometrus elegans (155981) Palaeolychas balticus (123760) Palaeolychas weitschati, Palaeoprotobuthus pusillus (123764) Palaeospinobuthus cenozoicus (154709) Palaeotityobuthus longiaculeus (152042)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Ukraine Palaeoananteris ukrainensis (153587)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Poland Tityus eogenus (120811)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Mexico (Chiapas) Tityus apozonalli (217223)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Mexico Centruroides sp. (153609) Tityus knodeli (238278)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.45 - 13.82Dominican Republic Centruroides beynai, Tityus ambarensis (122474) Tityus azari (146557) Tityus geratus (124475) Tityus hartkorni (153584)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Tanzania Scorpio schweiggeri (147705)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Madagascar (Antseranana) Microcharmus henderickxi (153607) Palaeogrosphus jacquesi (153608)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Madagascar Tityobuthus copalensis (38973)