PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Eostropheodonta

Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Leptostrophiidae

Taxonomy

Eostropheodonta was named by Bancroft (1949).

It was reranked as Stropheodonta (Eostropheodonta) by Boucot (1960).

It was assigned to Stropheodonta by Boucot (1960); to Stropheodontinae by Boucot and Johnson (1964), Mitchell (1977); to Stropheodontidae by Temple (1987); to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Leptostrophiidae by Villas and Cocks (1996), Williams et al. (2000), Musteikis and Cocks (2004), Cocks (2005), Rubel (2011), Hints and Harper (2015).

Species

Aphanomena planoconvexa, Aphanomena schmalenseei, Aphanomena urbicola, E. augusta, E. bublitschenki, E. chilcaensis, E. conradii, E. delicata, E. discumbata, E. hirnantensis (syn. E. whittingtoni, E. siluriana), E. luna, E. mullochensis, E. multiradiata, E. parvicostellata, E. portfieldensis, E. schmalenseei, E. squamosa, E. tafilaltensis (syn. E. jebiletensis), E. ultrix, Stropheodonta (Eostropheodonta) williamsi

Synonyms

Neokjaerina is a genus. It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eostropheodonta by Williams et al. (2000).

It was assigned to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002).
Aphanomena was named by Bergstrom (1968) [Sepkoski's age data: O Ashg-m S Wenl Sepkoski's reference number: 401,538,965]. It is not extant. Its type is Aphanomena schmalenseei.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eostropheodonta by Williams et al. (2000).

It was assigned to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1949	Eostropheodonta Bancroft
1960	Stropheodonta (Eostropheodonta) Boucot p. 483
1964	Eostropheodonta Boucot and Johnson p. 5
1968	Aphanomena Bergstrom
1977	Eostropheodonta Mitchell
1987	Eostropheodonta Temple p. 81
1996	Eostropheodonta Villas and Cocks p. 582
2000	Eostropheodonta Williams et al. p. 282
2002	Aphanomena Sepkoski
2002	Eostropheodonta Sepkoski
2002	Neokjaerina Sepkoski
2004	Eostropheodonta Musteikis and Cocks
2005	Eostropheodonta Cocks p. 269
2011	Eostropheodonta Rubel
2015	Eostropheodonta Hints and Harper

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020

Rank	Name	Author
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Strophomenata	Williams et al 1996
order	Strophomenida	Opik 1934
superfamily	Strophomenoidea	King 1846
family	Leptostrophiidae	Caster 1939
genus	Eostropheodonta	Bancroft 1949

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Eostropheodonta Bancroft 1949

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†Eostropheodonta augusta Cocks 2008

†Eostropheodonta bublitschenki Nikitin 1980

†Eostropheodonta chilcaensis Benedetto 1995

†Eostropheodonta chilcaensis parvula Benedetto and Montoya 2015

†Eostropheodonta conradii Harrington 1950

†Eostropheodonta delicata Baarli 1995

†Eostropheodonta discumbata Cocks et al. 1970

†Eostropheodonta hirnantensis M'Coy 1851

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Invalid names: Eostropheodonta siluriana Davidson 1871 [synonym], Eostropheodonta whittingtoni Bancroft 1949 [synonym]

†Eostropheodonta hirnantensis hirnantensis McCoy 1851

†Eostropheodonta luna Angelin and Lindström 1880

†Eostropheodonta mullochensis Reed 1917

†Eostropheodonta multiradiata Bancroft 1949

†Eostropheodonta parvicostellata Rong 1984

†Eostropheodonta portfieldensis Cocks 2014

†Eostropheodonta schmalenseei Bergström 1968

†Eostropheodonta squamosa Havlicek 1971

†Eostropheodonta tafilaltensis Havlicek 1971

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Invalid names: Eostropheodonta jebiletensis Havlicek 1971 [synonym]

†Eostropheodonta ultrix Marek and Havlíček 1967

†Stropheodonta (Eostropheodonta) williamsi Spjeldnaes 1957

Invalid names: Aphanomena Bergstrom 1968 [synonym], Neokjaerina [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100g

Adult width:

10 to < 100g

Folds:

noneg

Ribbing:

minorg

Spines:

noneg

Internal reinforcement:

noneg

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationaryg

Attached:

yesg

Life habit:

epifaunalg

Diet:

suspension feederg

Vision:

blindc

Comments:

LIFE HISTORY: Pedically attached, stationary, suspension-feeder (McKerrow, 1979). BODY SIZE: Data from Williams et al. (2000).g

Created:

2009-04-13 10:28:05

Modified:

2009-06-10 13:19:27

Source: g = genus, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range: base of the Harnagian to the top of the Ludlow or 458.20000 to 422.70000 Ma

Collections (248 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Harnagian - Soudleyan	458.2 - 457.2	Norway (Hamar -Nes)	Stropheodonta williamsi (162624)
Sandbian	458.2 - 452.8	Norway	Stropheodonta williamsi (188211)
Caradoc	458.2 - 449.5	Norway (Hedmark)	Stropheodonta williamsi (194825)
Keila - Oandu	453.9 - 451.8	Norway (Nes-Hamar)	Stropheodonta helgoeyensis (164008)
Katian	452.8 - 445.2	Iran	E. sp. (234906)
Katian	452.8 - 445.2	Canada (Quebec)	Aphanomena planoconvexa (159214)
Katian	452.8 - 445.2	Norway	E. hirnantensis (159536)
Katian - Hirnantian	452.8 - 443.1	Sweden (Dalarne)	E. luna (73413)
Richmondian	449.6 - 445.5	Canada (Quebec)	Aphanomena planoconvexa (158574 158578 158585 158587)
Ashgill	449.5 - 443.1	Canada (Québec)	E. siluriana (24455)
Ashgill	449.5 - 443.1	China (Sichuan)	Aphanomena sp. (27772)
Pirgu - Hirnantian	449.5 - 443.1	Sweden (Dalarne)	E. luna (73466)
Pirgu - Porkuni	449.5 - 443.1	Sweden (Dalarne)	E. luna (73407)
Ashgill - Llandovery	449.5 - 432.9	Canada (Québec)	E. siluriana (24506 24507 24832)
Ashgill - Llandovery	449.5 - 432.9	Canada (Quebec)	E. siluriana (12303)
Ashgill - Llandovery	449.5 - 432.9	Canada (New Brunswick)	E. mullochensis (11453)
Wufeng	449.4 - 443.1	China (Hubei)	Aphanomena sp. (4687)
Wufeng - Hirnantian	449.4 - 443.1	China (Sichuan)	Aphanomena sp. (7665) E. sp. (7653)
Wufeng - Hirnantian	449.4 - 443.1	China (Guizhou)	E. sp. (4746)
Cautleyan	449.2 - 448.8	United Kingdom (Wales)	E. portfieldensis (185109)
Cautleyan	449.2 - 448.8	United Kingdom	E. sp. (163264)
Rawtheyan	448.8 - 445.2	Norway	E. hirnantensis (163020)
Rawtheyan	448.8 - 445.2	Morocco (Zagora)	E. intermedia (193841)
Rawtheyan	448.8 - 445.2	United Kingdom (Wales)	E. hirnantensis (8293) E. portfieldensis (185103 185106 185107 185108 185110) E. sp. (8370)
Rawtheyan	448.8 - 445.2	United Kingdom (England)	E. sp. (3666)
Rawtheyan - Hirnantian	448.8 - 443.1	United Kingdom (Wales)	E. hirnantensis (8292)
Rawtheyan - Hirnantian	448.8 - 443.1	Norway (Oslo-Asker Dist.)	E. sp. (365)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	China (Yunnan)	E. hirnantensis (203555 203556 211627)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Norway (Oslo-Asker Dist.)	E. sp. (439 441)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Norway	E. hirnantensis (159372 159376 159390 159393 159531 159537)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	China (Guizhou)	Aphanomena sp. (25736) E. parvicostellata (151935 151936 151937 151938 153000 153002 153003 153004) E. sp. (153320 153321) E. ultrix (172178)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Sweden (Dalarne)	Aphanomena schmalenseei, E. hirnantensis (73455) E. luna (73410)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Norway (Oslo-Asker District)	E. sp. (364)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Morocco (Errachidia)	E. jebiletensis (152625) E. sp. (152620)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Ireland	E. sp. (23068)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Czechia (Praha)	E. hirnantensis (149320)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Argentina (San Juan)	E. hirnantensis (152571) E. sp. (8773)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	China (Sichuan)	Aphanomena sp. (64812) Aphanomena ultrix (25735)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	United Kingdom	E. siluriana (163266)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Norway (Oslo-Asker)	E. sp. (362)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Paraguay	E. conradii (152547)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Canada (Quebec)	Aphanomena planoconvexa (158579 158773 158852 158853 158858 158859 159208 159209) E. siluriana (12070 12145 12146) E. sp. (194180)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	China (Hubei)	Aphanomena sp. (25816) Aphanomena ultrix (75448 75449) E. parvicostellata (151939 151941)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	United Kingdom (Scotland)	E. hirnantensis (151601 151602)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	China	E. sp. (61383)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	United Kingdom (Wales)	E. hirnantensis (8294 8383 8384 8385 8386 8387 8388 8403 8404 151588) E. hirnantensis, E. whittingtoni (153336) E. sp., E. hirnantensis (8392 8405)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Russian Federation	E. hirnantensis (142466 152987 152989 152990)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Myanmar (Northern Shan)	E. hirnantensis (202727)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Sweden (Jamtland)	E. hirnantensis (153332)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Türkiye (Yığılca/Düzce)	E. hirnantensis (185141)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	New Zealand	E. hirnantensis (63097)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	United Kingdom (England)	E. hirnantensis (151589) E. sp. (3677 3678 3679 3680) Strophomena hirnantensis (196870)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Sweden	Aphanomena schmalenseei (159341) Aphanomena sp., E. sp. (2768)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Kazakhstan	Aphanomena urbicola (153087) E. bublitschenki (153085) E. bublitschenki, Aphanomena urbicola (153086)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Morocco (Zagora)	E. jebiletensis (152622) E. squamosa (152621)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Poland	E. hirnantensis (2760)
Kosovian	445.2 - 443.1	Morocco	E. sp. (21002)
Kosovian	445.2 - 443.1	Czechia	Aphanomena sp., E. hirnantensis (3882)
Kosovian	445.2 - 443.1	Morocco (Maïder)	E. sp. (20996)
Porkuni	445.2 - 443.1	Lithuania	E. hirnantensis, E. siluriana (207247)
Porkuni	445.2 - 443.1	Latvia	E. hirnantensis (173393 173401 173409 173410 173435 173436 173470 173473 173478 173481 173495) E. hirnantensis, E. parvicostellata (173396 173448 173461 173541) E. hirnantensis, E. schmalenseei (173384 173407) E. parvicostellata (173411) E. schmalenseei (173437 173488 173496 173533 173535) E. sp. (168978)
Porkuni	445.2 - 443.1	Norway	E. hirnantensis (193279 193280)
Porkuni	445.2 - 443.1	Sweden (Dalarne)	Aphanomena schmalenseei (153025) Aphanomena schmalenseei, E. hirnantensis (152984 152985 153015 153017 153018) E. hirnantensis (153014 153016 153019)
Porkuni	445.2 - 443.1	Estonia	E. hirnantensis (161297 173428 173454 173484) E. schmalenseei (173388) E. sp. (151993 151996 151997)
Hirnantian - Rhuddanian	445.2 - 440.5	Canada (British Columbia)	E. sp. (3355 3357 3358)
Hirnantian - Rhuddanian	445.2 - 440.5	South Africa (Cape)	E. discumbata (26993)
Juuru	443.1 - 440.8	Estonia (Järva)	E. delicata (193099)
Juuru	443.1 - 440.8	Estonia (Lääne)	E. delicata (193623)
Juuru	443.1 - 440.8	Estonia	E. delicata (193611 193615 193622 193625 193626)
Juuru	443.1 - 440.8	Estonia (Jõgeva)	E. delicata (193627)
Juuru	443.1 - 440.8	Estonia (Viljandi)	E. delicata (193624)
Rhuddanian	443.1 - 440.5	United Kingdom (Wales)	E. multiradiata (5050 5058 5060 5079 5080 5081 5111)
Rhuddanian	443.1 - 440.5	Kazakhstan (South Central)	E. sp. (151930)
Rhuddanian	443.1 - 440.5	Argentina (San Juan)	Aphanomena chilcaensis (185893 185895 185896 185897 185898 185899 185902) Aphanomena mullochensis (203574) E. chilcaensis, Aphanomena mullochensis (25093)
Rhuddanian	443.1 - 440.5	China (Guizhou)	Aphanomena sp. (27888) E. parvicostellata (151932 151933 151934) E. sp. (151954 151955)
Rhuddanian	443.1 - 440.5	Norway	Aphanomena mullochensis (14322)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian	443.1 - 438.6	Norway	E. delicata (14301) E. sp. (2889)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian	443.1 - 438.6	Canada (Quebec)	E. mullochensis (11317)
Alexandrian	443.1 - 438.1	Canada (Québec)	E. mullochensis (25049)
Llandovery	443.1 - 432.9	Canada (Quebec)	E. mullochensis (11320)
Llandovery	443.1 - 432.9	Sweden	E. sp. (3347)
Llandovery	443.1 - 432.9	United Kingdom (England)	E. sp. (509)
Llandovery	443.1 - 432.9	Venezuela	Aphanomena mullochensis (25068)
Llandovery	443.1 - 432.9	Canada (New Brunswick)	E. mullochensis (11439) E. sp. (44964)
Llandovery	443.1 - 432.9	Paraguay	Australostrophia conradii (25570)
Llandovery	443.1 - 432.9	Peru	E. sp. (25079)
Raikkula	440.8 - 438.8	Estonia	E. delicata (193633)
Raikkula	440.8 - 438.8	Estonia (Jõgeva)	E. delicata (193628 193629)
Raikkula	440.8 - 438.8	Estonia (Hiiu)	E. delicata (193572)
Raikkula	440.8 - 438.8	Estonia (Järva)	E. delicata (193769)
Aeronian	440.5 - 438.6	Norway	E. delicata (14303 14311) E. sp. (505 13846 13847 13848)
Aeronian	440.5 - 438.6	United Kingdom (Scotland)	E. augusta (153465)
Aeronian	440.5 - 438.6	Argentina (San Juan)	Eostrophedonta chilcaensis (152407)
Aeronian	440.5 - 438.6	Norway (Oslo)	E. sp. (506 507)
Aeronian	440.5 - 438.6	Norway (Asker)	E. sp. (160129)
Adavere	438.8 - 433.5	Estonia (Järva)	E. delicata (193631)
Telychian	438.6 - 432.9	Spain (Asturias)	E. sp. (717)
Telychian - Sheinwoodian	438.6 - 430.6	Paraguay	Australostrophia conradii (25566)
Wenlock - Ludlow	432.9 - 422.7	Spain (Palencia)	Aphanomena sp. (40345)
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	Spain	E. sp.K (13917)