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Dinozoa

Taxonomy
Dinozoa is a subphylum. It is not extant.

It was assigned to Myzozoa by Ruggiero et al. (2015).

Subtaxa
Dinoflagellata

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2015Dinozoa Ruggiero et al. p. 21

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RankNameAuthor
—Life
—Eukaryota()
—Chromalveolata
—Alveolata
RankNameAuthor
—Myzozoa
subphylumDinozoa
subphylumDinozoa

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subph. †Dinozoa
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G. †Acanthaulax Sarjeant 1968
+
†Acanthaulax tenuiceras Eisenack 1958
G. †Aldorfia Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Apectodinium Lentin and Williams 1981
G. †Biechelerella Deflandre 1948
+
†Biechelerella jurassica Deflandre 1948
G. †Bulbodinium Wetzel 1960
+
†Bulbodinium seitzi Wetzel 1960
G. †Calciodinellum Deflandre 1947
+
†Calciodinellum operosum Deflandre 1947
G. †Callaiosphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
+
†Callaiosphaeridium asymmetricum Clarke and Verdier 1967
G. †Canninginopsis Cookson and Eisenack 1962
+
†Canninginopsis bretonica Marshall 1990
†Canninginopsis colliveri Backhouse 1988
†Canninginopsis denticulata Cookson and Eisenack 1962
†Canninginopsis tabulata Helby et al. 1987
G. †Chonesphaera Klumpp 1953
+
†Chonesphaera incerta Klumpp 1953
G. †Crussolia Wolfard and Van Erve 1981
Cl. Dinophyceae Fritsch and West 1927
+
Or. Actiniscales Sournia 1984
+
Fm. Actiniscaceae Kützing 1844
+
G. Actiniscus Ehrenberg 1843
G. Cinctactiniscus Dumitrică 1973
G. Foliactiniscus Dumitrică 1973
G. †Actinotheca Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Actinotheca aphroditae Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Aiora Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Aiora fenestrata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Algidasphaeridium Matsuoka and Bujak 1988
G. †Anthatractus Deunff 1954
+
†Anthatractus insolitus Deunff 1954
G. †Apteodinium Eisenack 1958
+
†Apteodinium conjunctum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Apteodinium deflandrei Clarke and Verdier 1967
†Apteodinium granulatum Eisenack 1958
†Apteodinium maculatum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Apteodinium palliatum Stevens 1987
G. Arcticacysta Sangiorgi et al. 2009
G. †Aremoricanium Deunff 1955
+
†Aremoricanium rigaudae Deunff 1955
G. †Belodinium Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Belodinium dysculum Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Belodinium nereidis Stevens and Helby 1987
G. †Bicarinellum Deflandre 1948
+
†Bicarinellum castaninum Deflandre 1948
G. †Broomea Cookson and Eisenack 1958
+
†Broomea ramosa Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Broomea simplex Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Calcicarpinium Deflandre 1948
+
†Calcicarpinium tetraedricum Deflandre 1948
G. †Calcigonellum Deflandre 1948
+
†Calcigonellum unfula Deflandre 1948
G. †Calciogranellum Deflandre 1948
+
†Calciogranellum limbatum Deflandre 1948
G. †Calcipterellum Deflandre 1948
+
†Calcipterellum colomi Deflandre 1948
G. †Calcisphaerellum Deflandre 1948
+
†Calcisphaerellum flosculus Deflandre 1948
G. †Caligodinium Drugg 1970
+
†Caligodinium aceras Manum and Cookson 1964
†Caligodinium perforatum Guler et al. 2005
G. †Cantulodinium Alberti 1961
+
†Cantulodinium speciosum Alberti 1961
Fm. †Ceratocoryaceae Lindemann 1928
+
G. †Maghrebinia Below 1981
G. †Chiropteridium Gocht 1960
+
G. †Cryptarchaeodinium Deflandre 1939
+
G. †Cymatiogalea Deunff 1961
+
†Cymatiogalea margaritata Deunff 1961
G. †Danea Drugg 1967
+
†Danea californica Drugg 1967
G. †Diconodinium Eisenack and Cookson 1960
+
†Diconodinium acutum Jain and Millepied 1971
†Diconodinium arcticum Manum and Cookson 1964
†Diconodinium cristatum Cookson and Eisenack 1974
†Diconodinium davidii Morgan 1975
†Diconodinium lurense Guerstein 2005
†Diconodinium multispinum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Diconodinium pelliferum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Diconodinium psilatum Morgan 1977
†Diconodinium pusillum Singh 1971
G. †Dictyopyxidia Eisenack 1961
+
†Dictyopyxidia areolata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
Invalid names: Dictyopyxis Cookson and Eisenack 1960 [replaced]
G. †Diornatosphaera Downie 1958
+
†Diornatosphaera angusta Downie 1958
G. †Diplotesta Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Diplotesta glaessneri Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Disconodinium Eisenack and Cookson 1960
+
†Disconodinium multispinum Deflandre and Cookson 1954
G. Distatodinium Eaton 1976
G. †Dollidinium Helby and Stover 1987
G. †Downiesphaeridium Islam 1993
+
G. Echinidinium Zonneveld 1997
G. †Endoceratium Vozzhennikova 1967
+
†Endoceratium exquisitum Morgan 1980
†Endoceratium ludbrookiae Loeblich Jr and Loebich 1966
†Endoceratium turneri Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Eodinia Eisenack 1936
+
†Eodinia pachytheca Eisenack 1936
G. †Evansia Pocock 1972
+
†Evansia alaskensis Below 1990
†Evansia evittii Jansonius 1986
G. †Exochosphaeridium Davey 1966
+
†Exochosphaeridium arnace Davey and Verdier 1976
†Exochosphaeridium robustum Blackhouse 1988
G. †Favilarnax Sarjeant 1963
+
†Favilarnax ovulum Sarjeant 1963
G. †Galea Maier 1959
+
†Galea galea Maier 1959
G. †Gillinia Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Gillinia hymenophora Cookson and Eisenack 1960
Or. †Gonyaulacales Taylor 1980
+
Fm. †Areoligeraceae Evitt 1963
+
G. †Adnatosphaeridium Williams and Downie 1966
G. †Areoligera Lejeune-Carpentier 1938
G. †Canningia Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. Cassidium Drugg 1967
G. †Circulodinium Alberti 1961
G. †Cyclonephelium Deflandre and Cookson 1955
G. †Glaphyrocysta Gerlach 1961
G. †Riculacysta Stover 1977
G. †Senoniasphaera Clarke and Verdier 1967
G. †Balcattia Cookson and Eisenack 1974
G. †Batiacasphaera Drugg 1970
+
†Batiacasphaera angularis Stevens and Helby 1987
†Batiacasphaera asperata Backhouse 1987
†Batiacasphaera kekerengensis Schioler and Wilson 2004
†Batiacasphaera norvickii Lentin and Williams 1989
†Batiacasphaera ovata Backhouse 1987
†Batiacasphaera scrobiculata Deflandre and Cookson 1955
†Batiacasphaera subtilis Stover and Helby 1987
G. †Bourkidinium Morgan 1975
+
†Bourkidinium cylindricum Dolding 1992
†Bourkidinium granulatum Morgan 1975
Fm. Ceratiaceae Lindemann 1928
+
G. †Aptea Eisenack 1958
G. †Muderongia Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Odontochitina Deflandre 1935
G. †Phoberocysta Millioud 1969
G. †Pseudoceratium Gocht 1957
G. †Vesperopsis Bint 1986
G. †Xenascus Cookson and Eisenack
G. Cerebrocysta Bujak et al. 1980
G. †Chlamydophorella Cookson and Eisenack 1958
+
†Chlamydophorella discreta Clarke and Verdier 1967
†Chlamydophorella nyei Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Chlamydophorella wallala Cookson and Eisenack 1960
Fm. †Cladopyxiaceae Stein 1883
+
G. †Cladopyxidium McLean 1972
G. †Druggidium Habib 1973
G. Enneadocysta Stover and Williams 1995
G. †Eocladopyxis Morgenroth 1966
G. Histiocysta Davey 1969
G. †Microdinium Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Cleistosphaeridium Davey 1966
+
†Cleistosphaeridium ancoriferum Davey et al. 1966
†Cleistosphaeridium polypes Cookson and Eisenak 1962
G. †Dapsilidinium Bujak 1980
+
†Dapsilidinium ambiguum Wheeler and Sarjeant 1990
†Dapsilidinium duma Lentin and Williams 1985
†Dapsilidinium laminaspinosum Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Dingodinium Cookson and Eisenack 1958
+
†Dingodinium albertii Sarjeant 1966
†Dingodinium cerviculum Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Dingodinium jurassicum Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Dingodinium swanense Stover and Helby 1987
G. †Dissimulidinium May et al. 1987
G. †Ellipsoidictyum Klement 1960
+
†Ellipsoidictyum cinctum Klement 1960
G. †Elytrocysta Stover and Evitt 1978
+
†Elytrocysta circulata Stover and Helby 1987
G. †Epiplosphaera Klement 1960
+
†Epiplosphaera gochtii Brenner 1988
G. †Flamingoia Stevens and Helby 1987
+
†Flamingoia cometa Stevens and Helby 1987
G. †Fusiformacysta Morgan 1975
+
†Fusiformacysta salasii Morgan 1975
†Fusiformacysta tumida Backhouse 1988
G. †Gardodinium Alberti 1961
+
†Gardodinium attenuatum Stover and Helby 1987
†Gardodinium eisenacki Alberti 1961
†Gardodinium lowii Blackhouse 1987
Fm. †Goniodomaceae Lindemann 1928
+
G. Alisocysta Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Dinopterygium Deflandre 1935
G. †Eisenackia Deflandre and Cookson 1955
G. †Geonettia De Verteuil and Norris 1996
G. †Homotryblium Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Hystrichosphaeridium Deflandre 1936
G. †Taleisphaera Duxbury 1979
Fm. †Gonyaulacaceae Lindemann 1928
+
G. †Achilleodinium Eaton 1976
G. †Achomosphaera Evitt 1963
G. †Amiculosphaera Harland 1979
G. †Amphorosphaeridium Davey 1969
G. †Araneosphaera Eaton 1976
G. Areosphaeridium Eaton 1971
G. †Ataxiodinium Reid 1974
G. †Atlantodinium Zotto et al. 1987
G. †Avellodinium Blackhouse 1988
G. Bitectatodinium Wilson 1973
G. †Cannosphaeropsis Wetzel 1933
G. †Carduifolia Hovasse 1932
G. †Cassiculosphaeridia Davey 1969
G. †Chytroeisphaeridia Downie et al. 1963
G. †Cometodinium Deflandre and Courteville 1940
G. †Conneximura May 1980
G. †Cordosphaeridium Eisenack 1963
G. †Coronifera Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Corradinisphaeridium Masure 1986
G. Corrudinium Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Cousteaudinium De Verteuil and Norris 1996
G. †Cribroperidinium Neale and Sarjeant 1962
G. †Ctenidodinium Deflandre 1939
G. †Cyclapophysis Benson 1976
G. †Dalella McMinn and Sun 1994
G. †Damassadinium Fensome et al. 1993
G. †Diphyes Cookson 1965
G. †Discorsia Duxbury 1977
G. †Dissiliodinium Drugg 1978
G. Eatonicysta Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Endoscrinium Klement 1960
G. †Epitricysta Stover and Helby 1987
G. †Escharisphaeridia Erkmen and Sarjeant 1980
G. †Evittosphaerula Manum 1979
G. †Exiguisphaera Duxbury 1979
G. †Fibradinium Morgenroth 1968
G. †Fibrocysta Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Florentinia Davey and Verdier 1973
G. †Galeacysta Corradini and Biffi 1988
G. †Gelatia Bujak 1984
Subfm. Gonyaulacoideae Lindemann 1928
G. †Gonyaulacysta Deflandre 1964
G. †Gonyaulax Diesing 1866
G. †Habibacysta Head et al. 1989
G. †Hafniasphaera Hansen 1977
G. †Hapsocysta Davey 1979
G. Hemiplacophora Cookson and Eisenack 1965
G. †Heterosphaeridium Cookson and Eisenack 1969
G. †Hystrichodinium Deflandre 1935
G. †Hystrichokolpoma Klumpp 1953
G. †Hystrichosphaerina Alberti 1961
G. †Impagidinium Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Kaiwaradinium Wilson 1978
G. †Kallosphaeridium De Coninck 1969
G. †Kenleyia Cookson and Eisenak 1965
G. †Kiokansium Below 1982
G. †Kleithriasphaeridium Davey 1974
G. †Lanternosphaeridium Morgenroth 1966
Subfm. †Leptodinioideae Fensome et al. 1993
G. †Leptodinium Klement 1960
G. †Liesbergia Berger 1986
G. †Lingulodinium Wall 1967
G. Litosphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Meiourogonyaulax Sarjeant 1966
G. Melitasphaeridium Harland et al. 1979
G. Nematosphaeropsis Deflandre and Cookson 1955
G. †Nexosispinum Davey 1979
G. Ochetodinium Damassa 1979
G. †Oligosphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
G. Operculodinium Wall 1967
G. †Perisseiasphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Pervosphaeridium Yun and Hyesu 1981
G. †Protoellipsodinium Davey and Verdier 1971
G. †Psaligonyaulax Sarjeant 1966
G. †Pterodinium Eisenack 1958
G. Pyxidinopsis Habib 1976
G. †Rhynchodiniopsis Deflandre 1935
G. †Rigaudella Below 1982
G. †Saturnodinium Brinkhuis et al. 1992
G. †Scriniodinium Klement 1957
G. †Sentusidinium Sarjeant and Stover 1978
G. †Sirmiodiniopsis Drugg 1978
G. †Sirmiodinium Alberti 1961
G. †Stephodinium Deflandre 1936
G. †Stiphrosphaeridium Davey 1982
G. †Surculosphaeridium Davey 1966
G. †Systematophora Klement 1960
G. †Tehamadinium Jan du Chene et al. 1986
G. †Thalassiphora Eisenack and Gocht 1960
G. †Tubotuberella Vozzhennikova 1967
G. †Unipontidinium Wrenn 1988
G. †Wanaea Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Wilsonisphaera Slimani 1994
G. †Yalkalpodinium Morgan 1980
G. †Heslertonia Sarjeant
+
†Heslertonia striata Eisenack and Cookson 1960
+
G. †Conosphaeridium Cookson and Eisenack 1969
G. Hystrichostrogylon Agelopoulos 1964
G. †Impletosphaeridium Morgenroth 1966
+
G. Labyrinthodinium Piasecki 1980
G. Lophocysta Manum 1979
G. †Membranilarnacia Eisenack 1963
+
†Membranilarnacia angustivela Deflandre and Cookson 1955
†Membranilarnacia leptoderma Eisenack 1963
†Membranilarnacia picena Biffi and Manum 1988
†Membranilarnacia polycladiata Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Membranilarnacia tenella Morgenroth 1968
G. †Membranilarnax Wetzell 1933
+
†Membranilarnax leptoderma Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Moorodinium Blackhouse 1988
G. †Papuadinium Davey 1988
G. †Paucisphaeridium Bujak et al. 1980
G. †Peridictyocysta Cookson and Eisenack 1974
+
†Peridictyocysta mirabilis Cookson and Eisenack 1974
G. †Productodinium Davey 1988
+
†Productodinium chenii Davey 1988
G. †Reticulatosphaera Matsuoka 1983
+
†Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata Bujak and Matsuoka 1986
Fm. †Shublikodiniaceae Wiggins 1973
+
G. †Rhaetogonyaulax Sarjeant 1966
G. †Tanyosphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
+
†Tanyosphaeridium isocalamum Davey and Williams 1969
†Tanyosphaeridium isocalamus Cookson and Eisenak 1958
†Tanyosphaeridium magneticum Torricelli 2000
†Tanyosphaeridium salpinx Norvick 1976
†Tanyosphaeridium variecalamum Davey and Williams 1966
†Tanyosphaeridium xanthiopyxides Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Tetrachacysta Blackhouse 1988
+
†Tetrachacysta allenii Blackhouse 1988
†Tetrachacysta spinosigibberosa Blackhouse 1988
G. †Valensiella Eisenack 1963
+
†Valensiella delicata Lentin and Williams 1993
†Valensiella griphus Norvick 1976
†Valensiella magna Courtinant 1989
†Valensiella ovulum Eisenack 1963
†Valensiella pygmaeus Lentin and Williams 1993
G. †Xiphophoridium Sarjeant 1966
+
†Xiphophoridium alatum Sarjeant 1966
G. †Gymnodinium Stein 1898
+
†Gymnodinium attadalense Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Gymnodinium crystallinum Deflandre 1938
†Gymnodinium heterocostatum Deflandre 1935
†Gymnodinium luridum Deflandre 1939
†Gymnodinium nelsonense Cookson 1956
†Gymnodinium parvigranulatum Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Gymnodinium westralium Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Heliodinium Alberti 1961
+
†Heliodinium voigti Alberti 1961
G. †Heteraulacacysta Drugg and Loeblich 1967
+
†Heteraulacacysta campanula Bujak and Matsuoka 1986
Fm. †Heterocapsaceae Fensome 1993
+
G. †Andreedinium Below 1987
+
†Andreedinium erregulensis Filatoff 1975
G. †Histiophora Klement 1960
+
†Histiophora ornata Klement 1960
G. †Horologinella Cookson and Eisenack 1962
+
†Horologinella apiculata Cookson and Eisenack 1962
†Horologinella lineata Cookson and Eisenack 1962
G. †Hystrichokibotium Klumpp 1953
+
G. †Hystrichosphaeropsis Deflandre 1935
+
†Hystrichosphaeropsis ovum Deflandre 1935
G. Invertocysta Edwards 1984
G. †Kofoidopsis Tasch 1963
+
†Kofoidopsis coronata Tasch 1963
G. †Komewuia Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Komewuia glabra Cookson and Eisenack 1960
Fm. †Lecaniellaceae Cookson and Eisenack 1970
+
G. †Eyrea Cookson and Eisenack 1970
G. †Lithodinia Eisenack 1935
+
†Lithodinia bulloidea Gocht 1976
†Lithodinia diaphanus Williams et al. 1993
†Lithodinia jurassica Eisenack 1935
G. †Lithoperidinium Deflandre 1933
+
†Lithoperidinium oamaruense Deflandre 1933
G. †Membranophoridium Gerlach 1961
+
G. Millioudodinium Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Multiplicisphaeridium Staplin 1961
+
Fm. †Nannoceratopsiaceae Gocht 1970
+
G. †Nannoceratopsis Deflandre 1939
+
†Nannoceratopsis pellucida Deflandre 1938
G. †Nannoceratopsiella Tasch 1963
+
G. †Nelsoniella Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Nelsoniella aceras Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Nelsoniella semireticulata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Nelsoniella tuberculata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Odontochitinopsis Eisenack 1961
+
†Odontochitinopsis molesta Eisenack 1961
G. †Oodnadattia Eisenack and Cookson 1960
+
†Oodnadattia tuberculata Eisenack and Cookson 1960
G. †Ovoidinium Davey 1970
+
†Ovoidinium cinctum Davey 1970
†Ovoidinium ovale Lentin and Williams 1976
G. †Palaeoglenodinium Deflandre 1934
+
†Palaeoglenodinium cretaceum Deflandre 1934
Fm. †Palaeoperidinioideae Bujak and Davies 1983
+
G. †Chichaouadinium Below 1981
+
†Chichaouadinium boydii Bujak and Davies 1983
G. †Ginginodinium Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Ginginodinium spinulosum Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Palaeotetradinium Deflandre 1936
+
†Palaeotetradinium silicorum Deflandre 1936
G. †Paleopedicystus Staplin 1961
+
G. †Palmnickia Eisenack 1954
+
†Palmnickia lobifera Eisenack 1954
Fm. †Pareodiniaceae Gocht 1957
+
G. †Aprobolocysta Duxbury 1977
+
†Aprobolocysta alata Blackhouse 1987
†Aprobolocysta bipartita Blackhouse 1987
†Aprobolocysta galeata Blackhouse 1987
G. †Batioladinium Brideaux 1975
+
†Batioladinium jaegeri Brideaux 1975
†Batioladinium longicornutum Brideaux 1975
†Batioladinium micropodum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Batioladinium pomum Davey 1982
†Batioladinium reticulatum Stover and Helby 1987
G. †Kalyptea Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Kalyptea diceras Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Kalyptea monoceras Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Kalyptea wisemaniae Stover and Helby 1987
G. †Pareodinia Deflandre 1947
+
†Pareodinia aphelia Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Pareodinia ceratophora Deflandre 1947
G. †Pentafidia Blackhouse 1988
Or. Peridiniales Haeckel 1894
+
G. †Aireiana Cookson and Eisenack 1965
G. †Angustidinium Goodman and Evitt 1981
G. †Arachnodinium Wilson 1982
G. †Barssidinium Lentin et al. 1994
G. †Bitorus Keupp 1992
G. †Blysmatodinium McMinn 1992
Fm. †Deflandreaceae Eisenack 1954
+
G. †Abratopdinium Mao and Mohr 1992
G. †Kisselovia Vozzhennikova 1963
G. †Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961
G. †Spinidinium Cookson and Eisenack 1962
G. †Herendeenia Wiggins 1969
+
†Herendeenia postprojecta Stover and Helby 1987
G. †Laciniadinium McIntyre 1975
+
G. Multispinula Bradford 1975
G. †Noricysta Bujak and Fisher 1976
G. †Octodinium Wrenn and Hart 1988
G. Pentapharsodinium Indelicato and Loeblich 1986
Fm. †Peridiniaceae Ehrenberg 1832
+
G. Alterbia Lentin and Williams 1976
G. †Alterbidinium Lentin and Williams 1985
G. †Andalusiella Riegel 1974
G. †Ascodinium Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Astrocysta Davey 1970
+
Invalid names: Palaeoperidinium Deflandre 1934 [synonym]
G. Brigantedinium Reid 1977
G. †Cepadinium Duxbury 1983
G. †Cerodinium Vozzhennikova 1963
G. †Charlesdowniea Lentin and Vozzhennikova 1989
G. †Chatangiella Vozzhennikova 1967
G. †Craspedodinium Cookson and Eisenak 1974
G. †Deflandrea Eisenack 1938
+
Invalid names: Senegalinium Jain and Millepied 1973 [synonym]
Subfm. †Deflandreoideae Bujak and Davies 1983
G. †Dioxya Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Epelidosphaeridia Davey 1969
G. †Eucladinium Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Geiselodinium Krutzsch 1962
G. Glenodinium Ehrenberg 1836
G. †Heibergella Bujak and Fisher 1976
G. †Hexagonifera Cookson and Eisenack 1961
G. †Holmwoodinium Batten 1985
G. †Leberidocysta Stover and Evitt 1978
G. Lentinia Bujak et al. 1980
G. †Maduradinium Cookson and Eisenak 1970
G. †Manumiella Bujak and Davies 1983
G. †Muiriella Churchill and Sarjeant 1962
G. †Obliquipithonella Keupp and Mutterlose 1984
G. †Orthopithonella Keupp and Mutterlose 1984
G. †Palaeohystrichophora Deflandre 1935
G. †Peridinium Ehrenberg 1830
G. Phthanoperidinium Drugg and Loeblich 1967
G. †Pierceites Habib and Drugg 1987
G. †Pithonella Lorenz 1902
G. †Pyxidiella Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. Quinquecuspis Harland 1977
G. †Satyrodinium Lentin and Manum 1986
G. †Subtilisphaera Jain and Millepied 1971
G. †Talimudinium Mao and Norris 1988
G. Trinovantedinium Reid 1977
G. †Trithyrodinium Drugg
G. Votadinium Reid 1977
G. Vozzhennikovia Lentin and Williams 1976
G. Wilsonidium Lentin and Williams 1976
Fm. Protoperidiniaceae Bujak and Davies 1983
+
G. †Capillicysta Matsuoka et al. 1987
G. †Cristadinium Head et al. 1989
G. †Dissodium Abé 1941
G. †Erymnodinium Lentin et al. 1994
G. Islandinium Head et al. 2001
G. †Leipokatium Bradford 1975
G. †Lejeunecysta Artzner and Dörhöfer 1978
G. †Malvinia Houben et al. 2011
G. †Phelodinium Stover and Evitt 1978
G. Protoperidinium Bergh 1881
G. Selenopemphix Benedek 1972
G. †Stelladinium Bradford 1975
G. †Sumatradinium Lentin and Williams 1976
G. †Xandarodinium Reid 1977
G. Zygabikodinium Loeblich 1970
G. Rhabdothorax Kamptner 1958
G. †Shublikodinium Wiggins 1973
G. †Stoveracysta Clowes 1985
G. †Susadinium Dorhofer and Davies 1980
G. †Tectatodinium Wall 1967
+
†Tectatodinium rugulatum McMinn 1988
G. †Tuberculodinium Wall 1967
+
G. †Peridinites Lefevre 1933
+
†Peridinites parvulus Lefevre 1933
G. †Phanerodinium Deflandre 1937
+
†Phanerodinium cayeuxi Deflandre 1934
G. †Polyedryxium Deunff 1954
+
†Polyedryxium deflandrei Deunff 1954
†Polyedryxium fragosulum Playford 1977
Fm. Polykrikaceae Kofoid and Swezy 1921
+
G. Polykrikos Bütschli 1873
G. †Polystephanephorus Sarjeant 1961
+
†Polystephanephorus calathus Sarjeant 1961
G. †Polystephanosphaera Sarjeant 1960
+
G. †Priscogalea Deunff 1961
+
†Priscogalea barbara Deunff 1961
G. †Prolixosphaeridium Davey 1966
+
†Prolixosphaeridium inequiornatum Stover and Helby 1987
†Prolixosphaeridium mixtispinosum Davey et al. 1969
G. †Pseudodeflandrea Alberti 1959
+
†Pseudodeflandrea gigantea Alberti 1959
Or. †Ptychodiscales Fensome 1993
+
Fm. †Ptychodiscaceae Lemmermann 1899
+
G. †Alisogymnium Lentin and Vozzhennikova 1990
G. †Dinogymnium Evitt et al. 1967
G. †Pulvinosphaeridium Eisenack 1954
+
G. †Raphidodinium Deflandre 1936
+
†Raphidodinium fucatum Deflandre 1936
G. †Rottnestia Cookson and Eisenack 1961
+
†Rottnestia borussica Cookson and Eisenack 1961
†Rottnestia wetzelii Deflandre 1937
G. †Samlandia Eisenack 1954
+
†Samlandia chlamydophora Eisenack 1954
G. †Scriniocassis Gocht 1964
+
†Scriniocassis weberi Gocht 1964
G. †Spherites Dijkstra 1949
+
†Spherites spinosus Dijkstra 1949
G. †Stephanelytron Sarjeant 1961
+
†Stephanelytron redcliffense Sarjeant 1961
G. †Suessia Morbey 1975
+
†Suessia swabiana Morbey 1975
G. †Taeniophora Klement 1960
+
†Taeniophora iunctispina Klement 1960
G. †Teneridinium Krutzsch 1962
+
†Teneridinium magnoides Krutzsch 1962
G. †Tenua Eisenack 1958
+
†Tenua hystricella Eisenack 1958
†Tenua hystrix Eisenack 1958
†Tenua taugourdeaui Varma and Dangwal 1964
G. †Ternia Helby and Stover 1987
+
†Ternia balmei Helby and Stover 1987
Or. Thoracosphaerales Tangen et al. 1982
+
G. Thoracosphaera Kamptner 1927
+
†Thoracosphaera heimii Lohmann 1919
G. †Toolongia Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Toolongia medusoides Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Triblastula Wetzel 1933
+
†Triblastula utinensis Wetzel 1933
G. †Trichodinium Eisenack and Cookson 1960
+
†Trichodinium castanea Clarke and Verdier 1967
+
†Trichodinium castanea bifurcatum Jan and Millepied 1975
†Trichodinium eisenackii Burger 1980
†Trichodinium intermedium Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Trichodinium pellitum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
G. †Valvaeodinium Morgenroth 1970
+
G. †Vulcanisphaera Deunff 1961
+
†Vulcanisphaera africana Deunff 1961
G. †Wallodinium Loeblich Jr and Loeblich 1968
+
†Wallodinium glaessneri Cookson and Eisenak 1960
†Wallodinium krutzschii Habib 1972
†Wallodinium luna Lentin and Williams 1973
†Wallodinium lunum Lentin and Williams 1973
G. †Wetzeliella Eisenack 1938
+
†Wetzeliella articulata Eisenack 1938
†Wetzeliella irregularis Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Wetzelodinium Deflandre 1936
+
†Wetzelodinium tentaculatum Deflandre 1936
G. †Xenicodinium Klement 1960
+
G. †Xenikoon Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Xenikoon australis Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Disphaerogena Wetzel 1933
+
G. †Dracodinium Gocht 1955
+
†Dracodinium solidum Gocht 1955
G. †Dubridinium Reid 1977
G. †Emslandia Gerlach 1961
+
†Emslandia emslandensis Gerlach 1961
G. †Evittodinium Deflandre 1964
+
†Evittodinium giselae Deflandre 1964
G. Filisphaera Bujak 1984
G. †Glyphanodinium Drugg 1964
+
†Glyphanodinium facetum Drugg 1964
G. Haplohermesinum Hovasse 1943
+
G. †Hystrichosphaera Wetzel 1933
+
†Hystrichosphaera furcata Wetzel 1933
†Hystrichosphaera pseudofurcata Varma and Dangwal 1964
G. †Korystocysta Woollam 1983
G. †Lejeunia Gerlach 1961
+
†Lejeunia hyalina Gerlach 1961
G. †Palambages Wetzel 1961
G. †Palynodinium Gocht 1970
+
†Palynodinium grallator Gocht 1970
G. †Paraevansia Below 1990
G. †Paralecaniella Cookson 1970
+
†Paralecaniella indentata Cookson and Eisenack 1970
G. †Pentadinium Gerlach 1961
+
†Pentadinium laticinctum Gerlach 1961
G. †Phallocysta Below 1987
G. †Pluriarvalium Sarjeant 1962
+
†Pluriarvalium osmingtonense Sarjeant 1962
G. †Polysphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
+
†Polysphaeridium subtile Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Rhombodinium Gocht 1955
+
†Rhombodinium draco Gocht 1955
G. †Schematophora Deflandre and Cookson 1955
+
†Schematophora speciosa Deflandre and Cookson 1955
G. Scrippsiella Balech 1959
G. †Spongodinium Deflandre 1936
+
†Spongodinium delitiense Ehrenberg 1936
†Spongodinium reticulatum Hultberg 1985
G. †Svalbardella Manum 1960
+
G. Tubidermodinium Morgenroth 1966
G. Turbiosphaera Archangelsky 1969
+
†Turbiosphaera galatea Eaton 1976
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Cambrian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 538.80000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 486.85 Ma

Collections (787 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cambrian538.8 - 486.85Finland (Soderfjarden) Vulcanisphaera sp., Hystrichosphaeridium sp., Multiplicisphaeridium sp. (41196)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1Spain (Zaragoza) Cymatiogalea sp. (21074 21076) Vulcanisphaera sp., Cymatiogalea sp. (21073)
Hunneberg482.9 - 475.6Russian Federation (St. Petersburg) Cymatiogalea deunfii (191302)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0Spain (Zaragoza) Cymatiogalea sp. (21075)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.1Canada (Quebec) Multiplicisphaeridium bifurcatum, Multiplicisphaeridium irregulare (56000)
Gamachian445.5 - 443.1Canada (Québec) Multiplicisphaeridium denticulatum, Multiplicisphaeridium ravum, Multiplicisphaeridium birminghamensis, Multiplicisphaeridium sp. (24577) Multiplicisphaeridium sp. (24576)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.1 - 438.6Norway Multiplicisphaeridium cladum (2911 2912 2913) Multiplicisphaeridium irregulare, Multiplicisphaeridium cladum (2914)
Alexandrian443.1 - 438.1Canada (Québec) Multiplicisphaeridium arbusculiferum, Multiplicisphaeridium paraguaferum, Multiplicisphaeridium fermosum, Multiplicisphaeridium neahgae (24582) Multiplicisphaeridium lobeznum (24581) Multiplicisphaeridium visbyense (24579)
Ludlow426.7 - 422.7Russian Federation (Siberia) Multiplicisphaeridium bonitum (206346)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02France (Finistere) Polyedryxium simplex (6162)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86USA (Ohio) Multiplicisphaeridium anastomosis, Multiplicisphaeridium verrucarum (23340)
Permian298.9 - 251.902Germany Polyedryxium kraeuselianum, Polyedryxium sp. (23827)
Leonardian - Zechstein286.0 - 254.14Canada (Alberta) Palaeoperidinium sp. (31477)
Changhsingian254.14 - 251.902Germany Hystrichosphaeridea indet. (23705)
Griesbachian - Anisian251.902 - 241.464Canada (Alberta) Multiplicisphaeridium deunffii, Palaeoperidinium sp. (31478)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4Netherlands Rhaetogonyaulax sp. (137658)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4France (Lorraine) Rhaetogonyaulax rhaetica (36106)
Toarcian184.2 - 174.7Serbia (Montenegro) Nannoceratopsis gracilis (24568)
Toarcian184.2 - 174.7Poland (Cracow) Danea microphylla (24598)
Early/Lower Bajocian170.9 - 168.6United Kingdom (England) Dissiliodinium sp., Nannoceratopsis senex, Pareodinia ceratophora, Dinoflagellata indet. (38382)