PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Entimini

Insecta - Coleoptera - Curculionidae

Taxonomy

Entimini was named by Schonherr (1823). It is extant.

It was assigned to Brachycerinae by Kuschel (1992); and to Entiminae by Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal (1999), Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011), Bouchard et al. (2011), Legalov (2015), Poinar et al. (2017).

Subtaxa

Cydianerus, Cyriophthalmus, Entimus, Geralophus pumiceus, Geralophus repositus, Hipporhinus heeri, Hipporhinus heerii (syn. Hipporhinus similis, Hipporhinus matheroni, Hipporhinus intermedius, Hipporhinus fertonii, Hipporhinus marioni), Hipporhinus schaumii

Synonyms

Geralophus repositus was named by Scudder (1893). It is an impression.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011).
Geralophus pumiceus was named by Scudder (1893). It is an impression. Its type locality is Florissant (MCZ Collection), which is in a Chadronian lacustrine - large shale in the Florissant Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011).
Hipporhinus schaumii was named by Heer (1856). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Aix-en-Provence (Zurich Museum collection), which is in a Chattian lacustrine - large limestone in the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of France.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011); it was recombined as Rhytidoderes schaumi by Legalov (2015).
Hipporhinus heerii was named by Germar (1849). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Aix-en-Provence (unspecified collection), which is in a Chattian lacustrine - large limestone in the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of France.

It was corrected as Hipporhinus heeri by Scudder (1885), Piton and Théobald (1936), Piton (1936), Piton and Théobald (1939); it was considered a nomen dubium by Zherikhin (1992), Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011); it was misspelled as Rhytidoderes heeri by Legalov (2015).
Hipporhinus matheroni was named by Nicolas (1892). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Aix-en-Provence (Matheron Coll), which is in a Chattian lacustrine - large limestone in the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of France.

It was synonymized subjectively with Hipporhinus heeri by Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011); it was synonymized subjectively with Rhytidoderes heeri by Legalov (2015).
Hipporhinus fertonii was named by Nicolas (1892). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Aix-en-Provence (Matheron Coll), which is in a Chattian lacustrine - large limestone in the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of France.

It was synonymized subjectively with Hipporhinus heeri by Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011); it was synonymized subjectively with Rhytidoderes heeri by Legalov (2015).
Hipporhinus similis was named by Nicolas (1892). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Aix-en-Provence (Matheron Coll), which is in a Chattian lacustrine - large limestone in the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of France.

It was synonymized subjectively with Hipporhinus heeri by Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011); it was synonymized subjectively with Rhytidoderes heeri by Legalov (2015).
Hipporhinus intermedius was named by Nicolas (1892). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Aix-en-Provence (Matheron Coll), which is in a Chattian lacustrine - large limestone in the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of France.

It was synonymized subjectively with Hipporhinus heeri by Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011); it was synonymized subjectively with Rhytidoderes heeri by Legalov (2015).
Hipporhinus marioni was named by Nicolas (1892). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Aix-en-Provence (Matheron Coll), which is in a Chattian lacustrine - large limestone in the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of France.

It was synonymized subjectively with Hipporhinus heeri by Yunakov and Kirejtshuk (2011); it was synonymized subjectively with Rhytidoderes heeri by Legalov (2015).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1823	Entimini Schonherr
1849	Hipporhinus heerii Germar p. 62 figs. Pl 2, fig 6
1856	Hipporhinus heerii Heer p. 21 figs. Pl 1, fig 11
1856	Hipporhinus schaumii Heer p. 22 figs. Pl 1, fig 10
1874	Hipporhinus heerii Oustalet p. 214 figs. Pl 3, fig 11; pl 4, figs 1-5,8; pl 5, figs 1,2; pl 6, figs 4,5,14
1874	Hipporhinus schaumii Oustalet p. 230 figs. Pl 6, fig 6
1885	Hipporhinus heeri Scudder p. 789 fig. 1008
1892	Hipporhinus matheroni Nicolas p. 425 fig. 1
1892	Hipporhinus fertonii Nicolas p. 427 fig. 2
1892	Hipporhinus similis Nicolas p. 429 fig. 3
1892	Hipporhinus intermedius Nicolas p. 431 fig. 4
1892	Hipporhinus marioni Nicolas p. 432 fig. 5
1893	Geralophus repositus Scudder p. 76 figs. Pl 3, figs 26,28,30; pl 10, fig 6
1893	Geralophus pumiceus Scudder p. 77 figs. Pl 3, fig 13
1911	Geralophus repositus Wickham p. 65
1912	Geralophus pumiceus Wickham p. 46
1912	Geralophus repositus Wickham p. 46
1913	Geralophus repositus Wickham p. 301
1936	Hipporhinus heeri Piton p. 79 fig. 3
1936	Hipporhinus heeri Piton and Théobald p. 210 fig. 9
1939	Hipporhinus heeri Piton and Théobald p. 110 figs. 21, 22
1992	Entimini Kuschel p. 198
1999	Entimini Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal
2011	Entimini Bouchard et al.
2011	Entimini Yunakov and Kirejtshuk p. 93
2015	Entimini Legalov p. 1492
2015	Geralophus pumiceus Legalov p. 1492
2015	Geralophus repositus Legalov p. 1492
2015	Rhytidoderes heeri Legalov p. 1492
2015	Rhytidoderes schaumi Legalov p. 1492
2017	Entimini Poinar et al. p. 88

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa	Aguinaldo et al. 1997
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
—	Deuteropoda
—	Mandibulata
—	Pancrustacea	Zrzavý and Štys 1997
—	Altocrustacea	Regier et al. 2010
superclass	Allotriocarida
—	Athalassocarida
—	Labiocarida	Schwentner et al. 2017
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
—	Cercofilata
class	Insecta
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Holometabola
—	Aparaglossata
—	Neuropteriformia
—	Coleopterida
order	Coleoptera
—	Mesocoleoptera
—	Metacoleoptera
suborder	Polyphaga	Emery 1886
infraorder	Cucujiformia	Lameere 1938
—	Phytophaga
superfamily	Curculionoidea
family	Curculionidae	()
subfamily	Entiminae	Schoenherr 1823
tribe	Entimini	Schonherr 1823
tribe	Entimini	Schonherr 1823

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Tr. Entimini Schonherr 1823

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G. Cydianerus Schoenherr 1840

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†Cydianerus eukrinus Poinar et al. 2017

G. Cyriophthalmus Faust 1887

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Cyriophthalmus variegatus Motschulsky 1846

G. Entimus Germar 1817

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†Entimus primordialis Scudder 1876

Invalid names: Geralophus pumiceus Scudder 1893 [nomen dubium], Geralophus repositus Scudder 1893 [nomen dubium], Hipporhinus heeri Germar 1849 [nomen dubium], Hipporhinus heerii Germar 1849 [nomen dubium], Hipporhinus schaumii Heer 1856 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bridgerian to the top of the Holocene or 50.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 46.2 Ma

Collections (32 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Bridgerian	50.5 - 46.2	USA (Colorado)	Entimus primordialis (121146)
Chadronian	37.0 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Geralophus pumiceus (113749) Geralophus repositus (106379 122975 124624 152139) Geralophus repositus, Geralophus pumiceus (106381 106384)
MP 23	33.9 - 27.3	France	Hipporhinus heeri (122535 122536)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	France	Hipporhinus matheroni, Hipporhinus fertonii, Hipporhinus similis, Hipporhinus intermedius, Hipporhinus marioni (113614)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	France (Bouches-Du-Rhone)	Hipporhinus heeri (138838) Hipporhinus heeri, Hipporhinus heerii (122501) Hipporhinus heerii (113682 123943 123944 152493 152494 152495) Hipporhinus schaumii, Hipporhinus heerii (122876)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)	Hipporhinus heeri, Hipporhinus heerii (122487 122488) Hipporhinus heerii (122489)
Late/Upper Oligocene	27.3 - 23.04	France (Puy-de-Dome)	Hipporhinus heeri (155204 155205)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Italy	Entimini indet. (162051)
Gelasian	2.58 - 1.8	Greenland	Cyriophthalmus variegatus (160108 160109 160143 160144 160153)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Colombia (Santander)	Cydianerus eukrinus (168002)