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Ithonoidea

Insecta - Neuroptera

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1853Ithonoidea Newman
2008Ithonoidea Engel and Grimaldi
2018Ithonoidea Engel et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
—Deuteropoda
—Mandibulata
—PancrustaceaZrzavý and Štys 1997
—AltocrustaceaRegier et al. 2010
superclassAllotriocarida
—Athalassocarida
—LabiocaridaSchwentner et al. 2017
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
—Cercofilata
classInsecta
RankNameAuthor
—Dicondylia
—Paranotalia
subclassPterygota()
—NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
—Holometabola
—Aparaglossata
—Neuropteriformia
superorderNeuropterida
—Metaxyneuroptera
—Eidoneuroptera
orderNeuroptera
—Euneuroptera
—Neoneuroptera
—Geoneuroptera
superfamilyIthonoideaNewman 1853
superfamilyIthonoideaNewman 1853

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. Ithonoidea Newman 1853
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Fm. Ithonidae Newman 1853 [moth lacewing]
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G. †Allorapisma Makarkin and Archibald 2009
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†Allorapisma chuorum Makarkin and Archibald 2009
G. †Burmithone Lu et al. 2017
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†Burmithone pennyi Lu et al. 2017
G. †Cratovoluptia Martins-Neto and Rodrigues 2009
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†Cratovoluptia criptoneura Martins-Neto and Rodrigues 2009
G. †Cretithone Li et al. 2025
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†Cretithone zhangi Li et al. 2025
G. †Elektrithone Makarkin et al. 2014
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†Elektrithone expectata Makarkin et al. 2014
Subfm. †Epigambriinae Handlirsch 1939
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G. †Epigambria Handlirsch 1939
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†Epigambria longipennis Handlirsch 1939
G. †Polyosmylus Ansorge 1996
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†Polyosmylus excelsus Ansorge 1996
G. †Rasnitsyneura Makarkin et al. 2021
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†Rasnitsyneura dispar Bode 1953
G. †Fuscopolystoechotes Xu et al. 2021
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G. †Guithone Zheng et al. 2016
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†Guithone bethouxi Zheng et al. 2016
G. †Lasiosmylus Ren and Guo 1996
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†Lasiosmylus longus Zheng et al. 2016
†Lasiosmylus newi Ren and Guo 1996
G. †Lichenipolystoechotes Fang et al. 2020
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G. †Osmyloides Panfilov 1980
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†Osmyloides distinctus Panfilov 1980
G. †Palaeopsychops Andersen 2001
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†Palaeopsychops abruptus Andersen 2001
†Palaeopsychops barthae Archibald and Makarkin 2025
†Palaeopsychops dodgeorum Makarkin and Archibald 2003
†Palaeopsychops douglasae Archibald and Makarkin 2006
†Palaeopsychops goodwini Archibald and Makarkin 2025
†Palaeopsychops maculatus Andersen 2001
†Palaeopsychops marringerae Archibald and Makarkin 2006
†Palaeopsychops quadratus Archibald and Makarkin 2006
†Palaeopsychops setosus Archibald and Makarkin 2006
†Palaeopsychops timmi Archibald and Makarkin 2006
G. †Paleopterocalla Oswald 2007
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†Paleopterocalla superba Panfilov 1980
Invalid names: Pterocalla Panfilov 1980 [replaced]
G. Polystoechotes Burmeister 1839
G. †Principiala Makarkin and Menon 2007
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†Principiala incerta Makarkin and Menon 2007
†Principiala rudgwickensis Jepson et al. 2009
†Principiala sinuijuensis Won et al. 2023
G. †Puripolystoechotes Yang et al. 2019
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†Puripolystoechotes pumilus Yang et al. 2019
G. †Pycnopolystoechotes Gao et al. 2023
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†Pycnopolystoechotes striatus Gao et al. 2023
G. †Sinuijuala So and Won 2022
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†Sinuijuala paekthoensis So and Won 2022
G. †Stictopolystoechotes Gao et al. 2023
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†Stictopolystoechotes sparsulus Gao et al. 2023
Invalid names: Polystoechotidae Handlirsch 1906 [synonym]
G. †Ominopsis Khramov et al. 2023
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†Ominopsis enigmaticus Khramov et al. 2023
G. †Yamaguchius Khramov et al. 2023
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†Yamaguchius splendidus Khramov et al. 2023
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitinc
Environment: terrestrialc
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Modified: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Carnian to the top of the Chadronian or 237.00000 to 33.90000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 227.3 Ma

Collections (57 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Carnian237.0 - 227.3Japan (Yamaguchi) Yamaguchius splendidus, Ominopsis enigmaticus (106482)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4United Kingdom (England) Megapolystoechus magnificus (113961 115246)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Germany Epigambria longipennis (123987)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Polyosmylus excelsus (114993)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Germany (Niedersachsen) Epigambriinae indet., Rasnitsyneura sp., Rasnitsyneura aequabilis (229457) Prohemerobius aequabilis, Prohemerobius septemvirgatus (107556) Prohemerobius septemvirgatus (107552 109655) Prohemerobius septemvirgatus, Prohemerobius succisus, Prohemerobius dispar (105002)
Toarcian184.2 - 174.7Kyrgyzstan Mesopolystoechus apicalis (114706)
Callovian - Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8China (Hebei) Mesopolystoechus wangyingziensis (113476)
Callovian - Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8China (Nei Mongol) Guithone bethouxi (172659) Lichenipolystoechotes angustimaculatus, Fuscopolystoechotes reticulatus (183155) Lichenipolystoechotes fenestratus (219840) Lichenipolystoechotes ramimaculatus (210302) Meilingius giganteus, Jurapolystoechotes melanolomus (113367) Puripolystoechotes pumilus (155751) Stictopolystoechotes sparsulus, Pycnopolystoechotes striatus (230242)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2Kazakhstan Kasachstania fasciata, Osmyloides distinctus (106102) Pterocalla superba (106101)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Mongolia Frustumopsychops pectinatus (152133)
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4United Kingdom (England) Principiala rudgwickensis (104005)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4China (Liaoning) Lasiosmylus newi (138436 182836) Lasiosmylus newi, Lasiosmylus longus (176345)
Barremian - Aptian125.77 - 113.2North Korea Principiala sinuijuensis (222556) Sinuijuala paekthoensis (200272)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Russian Federation (Buryatia) Polystoechotidae indet. (113350)
Late/Upper Aptian119.57 - 113.2Brazil (Ceará) Cratovoluptia criptoneura (149755) Principiala incerta (122556 122557)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Myanmar Burmithone pennyi (178121) Cretithone zhangi (165561)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Canada (British Columbia) Palaeopsychops setosus (113148) Palaeopsychops sp. (147816) Polystoechotites sp. A, Polystoechotites sp. B, Palaeopsychops douglasae, Neuroptera indet. (31677) Ricania antiquata (121046)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (Washington) Polystoechotidae indet., Palaeopsychops marringerae, Palaeopsychops timmi, Polystoechotites barksdalae, Allorapisma chuorum, Palaeopsychops goodwini, Palaeopsychops barthae (103206) Polystoechotidae indet., Polystoechotites falcatus, Polystoechotites lewisi, Allorapisma chuorum (104761)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Denmark Palaeopsychops abruptus (113069 156750) Palaeopsychops abruptus, Palaeopsychops angustifasciatus (113070 113071) Palaeopsychops angustifasciatus (113144 113147 152156) Palaeopsychops latifasciatus (113015 113025 113027 113030 114154) Palaeopsychops latifasciatus, Palaeopsychops abruptus (113026) Palaeopsychops latifasciatus, Palaeopsychops abruptus, Palaeopsychops angustifasciatus, Palaeopsychops quadratus, Palaeopsychops maculatus (113029) Palaeopsychops latifasciatus, Palaeopsychops angustifasciatus (113028)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Russian Federation (Kaliningrad) Elektrithone expectata (123928)
Chadronian37.0 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Polystoechotes piperatus (106381)