PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Rana

Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae

Taxonomy

Rana was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant. Its type is Rana temporaria. It is the type genus of Ranidae.

It was assigned to Raninae by Holman (1985) and Sanchiz (1998); and to Ranidae by Hay (1902), Estes and Tihen (1964), Lynch (1965), Carroll (1988), Shoshani et al. (1989), Böhme (2008) and Georgalis et al. (2024).

Species lacking formal opinion data

R. areolata, R. arvalis, R. carbonicola, R. catesbiana, R. clamitans, R. esculenta, R. graeca, R. latastei, R. palustris, R. sylvatica

Synonyms

Rana johnsoni was named by La Rivers (1953). Its type specimen is Univ. Calif. Mus. Pal. No. 41276, a skeleton (nearly complete skeleton lacking hind extremities and one of the fore extremities), and it is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Long Valley, which is in a Clarendonian lacustrine diatomite in the "Truckee" Formation of Nevada.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana pueyoi was named by Longinos Navás (1922). It is a compression preserving soft parts. Its type locality is Minas de Libros, which is in a MN 9/MN 10 lacustrine mudstone in Spain.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana quellembergi was named by Longinos Navás (1922). It is a compression preserving soft parts. Its type locality is Minas de Libros, which is in a MN 9/MN 10 lacustrine mudstone in Spain.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana miocenica was named by Holman (1965). Its type specimen is FGS V-6069, a set of postcrania (Left Ilium), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).
Leptodactylus abavus was named by Holman (1965). Its type specimen is UF 10201, a set of postcrania (Right Ilium), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Rana miocenica by Lynch (1971).
Rana bucella was named by Holman (1965). Its type specimen is FGS V-6071, a set of postcrania (Right Ilium), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).
Anchylorana was named by Taylor (1942).

It was synonymized subjectively with Rana by Holman (1963).

It was assigned to Ranidae by Taylor (1942).
Anchylorana moorei was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 6375, a set of vertebrae (sacral vertebra fused to the the preceding vertebra), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen vanum by Sanchiz (1998).
Anchylorana dubita was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 6377, a set of vertebrae (Sacral and preceding vertebra fused), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen vanum by Sanchiz (1998).
Anchylorana robustocondyla was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 5106, a set of vertebrae (centrum of sacral vertebra fused to the centrum of the preceding vertebra), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen vanum by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana fayeae was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 6378, a set of vertebrae (Sacrum), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana meadensis was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 6376, a set of vertebrae (Sacrum), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Rana rexroadensis by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana ephippium was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 6370, a set of vertebrae (Sacrum), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Rana rexroadensis by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana rexroadensis was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 6369, a set of vertebrae (Sacral vertebra), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana valida was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 5133, a set of vertebrae (Sacral vertebra), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Rana rexroadensis by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana parvissima was named by Taylor (1942). Its type specimen is KUVP 6451, a set of vertebrae (Sacral centrum), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen vanum by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana noeggerathi was named by Meyer (1952). Its type specimen is RFWU [Ro 4059], a partial skeleton (incomplete, articulated specimen), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Rana meriani by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana meriani was named by Meyer (1853).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).
Rana basaltica was named by Young (1936). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Shanwang Bed sw2, Linchu district, Shantung province, which is in a Burdigalian lacustrine sandstone/mudstone in the Shanwang Formation of China.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Sanchiz (1998).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1758	Rana Linnaeus
1853	Rana meriani Meyer
1902	Rana Hay p. 425
1922	Rana pueyoi Longinos Navás p. 52
1922	Rana quellembergi Longinos Navás p. 56
1936	Rana basaltica Young pp. 189-193 figs. fig. 1,2, pl. I
1942	Anchylorana Taylor p. 207
1942	Anchylorana moorei Taylor pp. 208-209 figs. 3a and b
1942	Anchylorana dubita Taylor pp. 209-211 figs. 4a and b
1942	Anchylorana robustocondyla Taylor pp. 211-212 fig. 1
1942	Rana fayeae Taylor pp. 212-213 figs. 4a and b
1942	Rana ephippium Taylor pp. 213-214 figs. 1a and b
1942	Rana meadensis Taylor pp. 213-214 figs. 5a and b
1942	Rana rexroadensis Taylor pp. 215-216 figs. 3a and b
1942	Rana valida Taylor pp. 216-217 figs. 2a and b
1942	Rana parvissima Taylor p. 217 fig. 2
1952	Rana noeggerathi Meyer pp. 1-73
1953	Rana johnsoni La Rivers p. 77
1964	Rana Estes and Tihen p. 464
1965	Leptodactylus abavus Holman p. 70 fig. 1
1965	Rana miocenica Holman p. 74 fig. 2
1965	Rana bucella Holman p. 76 fig. 2
1965	Rana Lynch p. 73
1985	Rana Holman
1988	Rana Carroll
1989	Rana Shoshani et al. p. 436
1998	Rana Sanchiz
2008	Rana Böhme p. 167
2024	Rana Georgalis et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Tetrapoda
class	Amphibia
order	Temnospondyli	()
—	Lissamphibia	()
—	Batrachia	(Macartney 1802)
order	Salientia
order	Anura	()
—	Neobatrachia	(Reig 1958)
superfamily	Ranoidea	Rafinesque 1814
family	Ranidae	Rafinesque 1814
genus	Rana	Linnaeus 1758

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Rana Linnaeus 1758

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Rana arborea Linnaeus 1758

Rana bufo Linnaeus 1758

Rana catesbeiana Shaw 1802 [American bullfrog]

Rana cultripes Tschudi 1838

Rana dalmatina Bonaparte 1839

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Invalid names: Rana agiloides Brunner 1951 [synonym], Rana muelleri Brunner 1959 [synonym]

Rana macrocnemis Boulenger 1885

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†Rana macrocnemis angeloi Bogachev 1927

Invalid names: Rana kisatibensis Riabinin 1927 [objective synonym]

Rana pipiens Schreber 1782 [Northern leopard frog]

†Rana pliocenica Zweifel 1954

Rana punctata Daudin 1802

Rana temporaria Linnaeus 1758 [common frog]

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Invalid names: Rana mehelyi Bolkay 1911 [synonym]

Invalid names: Anchylorana Taylor 1942 [synonym], Anchylorana dubita Taylor 1942 [nomen vanum], Anchylorana moorei Taylor 1942 [nomen vanum], Anchylorana robustocondyla Taylor 1942 [nomen vanum], Rana basaltica Young 1936 [nomen dubium], Rana bucella Holman 1965 [nomen dubium], Rana fayeae Taylor 1942 [nomen dubium], Rana johnsoni La Rivers 1953 [nomen dubium], Rana meriani Meyer 1853 [nomen dubium], Rana miocenica Holman 1965 [nomen dubium], Rana parvissima Taylor 1942 [nomen vanum], Rana pueyoi Longinos Navás 1922 [nomen dubium], Rana quellembergi Longinos Navás 1922 [nomen dubium], Rana rexroadensis Taylor 1942 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

brackish, freshwater, terrestrialuc

Locomotion:

actively mobilesubo

Life habit:

amphibioussubo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Dispersal:

waterc

Created:

2009-07-20 21:44:54

Modified:

2009-07-20 23:44:54

Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Uhen 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Lutetian to the top of the Holocene or 47.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 41.3 Ma

Collections (301 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt)	R. carbonicola (13322)
MP 22	33.9 - 28.4	Germany (Bayern)	R. sp. (91491)
MP 30	28.4 - 23.03	Germany (North Rhine-Westfalia)	R. noeggerathi, R. meriani (84606)
MP 30	28.4 - 23.03	Germany (Bavaria)	R. sp. (84364)
Chattian	28.1 - 23.03	France (Bouches-Du-Rhone)	R. aquensis (113682)
Aquitanian	23.03 - 20.44	Turkey	R. sp. (123307)
Aquitanian - Burdigalian	23.03 - 15.97	Kazakhstan	R. sp. (64355)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene	23.03 - 11.608	Spain (Castile-La Mancha)	R. sp. (136269)
Miocene	23.03 - 5.333	USA (California)	R. pliocenica (19370)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	China (Shandong)	R. basaltica (41810)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	China (Jiangsu)	R. sp. (41813 43400)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian	20.43 - 15.97	USA (Nebraska)	R. sp. (17963)
Hemingfordian	20.43 - 15.97	USA (Florida)	R. sp. (18597)
Orleanian	20.0 - 15.97	Czech Republic (Moravia)	R. sp. (190142 200140)
Orleanian	20.0 - 15.97	Germany (Hesse)	R. sp. (228327)
Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (Texas)	R. pipiens (140202) R. sp., R. pipiens (18664)
Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (Nebraska)	R. clamitans, R. pipiens (18208) R. pipiens (18102 18206 18223) R. sp. (18031 18141 18165 18284 18442 27481 27507)
Early/Lower Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (Texas)	R. pipiens (18665)
MN 5	15.97 - 13.65	Germany (Bavaria)	R. sp. 1 (205187)
Langhian - Serravallian	15.97 - 11.62	India (Gujarat)	R. sp. (230661)