PBDB Taxon

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Parkinsoniidae

Cephalopoda - Ammonitida - Parkinsoniidae

Taxonomy

Parkinsoniidae was named by Buckman (1920). Its type is Parkinsonia.

It was assigned to Perisphinctaceae by Arkell et al. (1957); to Stephanocerataceae by Bert and Courville (2016); and to Perisphinctoidea by Majidifard (2015) and Mitta (2017).

Subtaxa

Bigotites (syn. Pseudobigotella, Bigotella), Caumontisphinctes, Djanaliparkinsonia, Epistrenoceras, Haselburgites, Hemigarantia, Medvediceras, Okribites, Oraniceras, Parapatoceratinae, Pseudocosmoceras, Strenoceras

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1920	Parkinsoniidae Buckman p. 308
1957	Parkinsoniidae Arkell et al.
2015	Parkinsoniidae Majidifard p. 31
2016	Parkinsoniidae Bert and Courville p. 119
2017	Parkinsoniidae Mitta p. 471

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca

Rank	Name	Author
class	Cephalopoda	Cuvier 1797
subclass	Ammonoidea	()
order	Ammonitida
suborder	Ammonitina	Hyatt 1889
superfamily	Perisphinctoidea	(Steinman 1890)
family	Parkinsoniidae	Buckman 1920
family	Parkinsoniidae	Buckman 1920

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Parkinsoniidae Buckman 1920

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G. †Bigotites

†Bigotites petri Nicolesco 1917

Invalid names: Bigotella Nicolesco 1917 [replaced], Pseudobigotella Lemoine 1918 [objective synonym]

G. †Caumontisphinctes

Subg. †Caumontisphinctes (Caumontisphinctes) Buckman 1920

†Caumontisphinctes (Caumontisphinctes) aplous Buckman 1921

†Caumontisphinctes (Caumontisphinctes) bifurcus Buckman 1920

†Caumontisphinctes (Caumontisphinctes) diniensis Pavia 1971

†Caumontisphinctes (Caumontisphinctes) rota Bentz 1925

Subg. †Caumontisphinctes (Infraparkinsonia) Westermann 1956

†Caumontisphinctes (Infraparkinsonia) debilis Wetzel 1937

†Caumontisphinctes (Infraparkinsonia) inferior Bentz 1925

†Caumontisphinctes tenuicostatus Besnosov 1993

G. †Djanaliparkinsonia Kutuzova 1975

†Djanaliparkinsonia egori Mitta 2023

†Djanaliparkinsonia lutchnikovi Kutuzova 1975

†Djanaliparkinsonia tuadensis Kutuzova 1975

G. †Epistrenoceras

†Epistrenoceras contrarium d'Orbigny 1846

G. †Haselburgites Buckman 1920

†Haselburgites admirandus Buckman 1921

†Haselburgites datunense Besnosov 1993

G. †Hemigarantia

†Hemigarantia julii d'Orbigny 1846

G. †Medvediceras Nikolaeva 1967

†Medvediceras inclarum Murashkin 1930

†Medvediceras masarovici Murashkin 1930

G. †Okribites

G. †Oraniceras

†Oraniceras fretensis Wetzel 1950

†Oraniceras scythicum Mitta 2015

†Parkinsonia (Oraniceras) gyrumbilica Quenstedt 1887

†Parkinsonia (Oraniceras) wuerttembergica Oppel 1857

Subfm. †Parapatoceratinae Buckman 1926

G. †Acuariceras

†Acuariceras acucostis Bert and Courville 2016

G. †Acuarites Schindewolf 1963

†Acuarites ornatus Schindewolf 1963

G. †Metapatoceras Schindewolf 1963

†Metapatoceras semiserratum Schindewolf 1963

G. †Paracuariceras Schindewolf 1963

†Paracuariceras incisum Schindewolf 1963

G. †Parapatoceras

†Parapatoceras agassizii d'Orbigny 1850

†Parapatoceras distans Baugier and Sauze 1843

†Parapatoceras niortense d'Orbigny 1850

†Parapatoceras tenue Baugier and Sauze 1843

†Parapatoceras tuberculatum Baugier and Sauze 1843

G. †Pseudocosmoceras

†Pseudocosmoceras michalskii Borissiak 1908

G. †Strenoceras Hyatt 1900

Subg. †Strenoceras (Strenoceras) Hyatt 1900

†Strenoceras bajocense Blainville 1840

Invalid names: Strenoceras (Strenoceras) robustum Bentz 1928 [synonym], Strenoceras praecontrarium Douvillé 1915 [synonym]

†Strenoceras niortense d'Orbigny 1846

†Strenoceras subfurcatum Zieten 1830

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragoniteo

Environment:

marinec

Locomotion:

fast-movingo

Life habit:

nektonico

Diet:

carnivoreo

Vision:

well-developedc

Created:

2005-01-28 02:27:03

Modified:

2009-10-08 14:14:55

Source: o = order, c = class

References: Kiessling 2003, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Bajocian to the top of the Early/Lower Oxfordian or 170.30000 to 155.70000 Ma

Collections (67 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Garantiana	171.6 - 167.7	Russian Federation	Bigotites petri (189052 189053 189054) Djanaliparkinsonia alanica (231870) Djanaliparkinsonia egori (231868) Hlawiceras subgaranti (187902)
Garantiana	171.6 - 167.7	Uzbekistan	Djanaliparkinsonia lutchnikovi (188562) Parkinsonia lutchnikovi, Parkinsonia tuadensis (188565)
Late/Upper Bajocian	171.6 - 167.7	Iran	Strenoceras sp. (175745)
Late/Upper Bajocian	171.6 - 167.7	Russian Federation (Karachaevo-Cherkessiya)	Caumontisphinctes sp., Caumontisphinctes gruibingensis, Caumontisphinctes phaulus (235067)
Late/Upper Bajocian	171.6 - 167.7	Russian Federation	Strenoceras niortense (186492)
Parkinsoni	171.6 - 167.7	Russian Federation	Haselburgites admirandus (189055) Haselburgites datunense (187881)
Parkinsoni	171.6 - 167.7	United Kingdom	Bigotites petri (141365)
Subfurcatum	171.6 - 167.7	Turkmenistan	Strenoceras bajocense (189062) Strenoceras niortense (189063) Strenoceras subfurcatum, Strenoceras bajocense (189061)
Subfurcatum	171.6 - 167.7	Russian Federation	Caumontisphinctes aplous, Caumontisphinctes debilis (187365) Caumontisphinctes bifurcus, Caumontisphinctes aplous, Caumontisphinctes diniensis, Caumontisphinctes inferior (187879) Caumontisphinctes bifurcus, Caumontisphinctes rota (187370) Caumontisphinctes bifurcus, Caumontisphinctes rota, Caumontisphinctes diniensis, Caumontisphinctes inferior, Caumontisphinctes debilis, Strenoceras subfurcatum (187900) Caumontisphinctes diniensis (187368 188495) Rarecostites tenuicostatus (188548) Strenoceras subfurcatum, Strenoceras niortense (187896)
Parkinsoni - Early/Lower Bathonian	171.6 - 164.7	Russian Federation	Haselburgites datunense (188948) Medvediceras inclarum (189058) Pseudocosmoceras michalskii (189057)
Bajocian	170.3 - 168.3	France	Caumontisphinctes sp., Strenoceras sp. (34718)
Early/Lower Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Poland	Parkinsonia gyrumbilica (186798 187147) Parkinsonia gyrumbilica, Parkinsonia wuerttembergica (187125) Parkinsonia wuerttembergica (187139)
Early/Lower Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Turkmenistan	Oraniceras gyrumbilicus (188941 189044)
Early/Lower Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Uzbekistan	Oraniceras gyrumbilicus (188437 189045 189046)
Early/Lower Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Germany	Parkinsonia wuerttembergica (62251)
Early/Lower Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Russian Federation	Oraniceras besnosovi (68350) Oraniceras fretensis (189047) Oraniceras fretensis, Oraniceras wuerttembergicus (188911) Oraniceras gyrumbilicus, Oraniceras fretensis (189043) Oraniceras mojarowskii, Oraniceras besnosovi (68345) Oraniceras scythicum (174675) Oraniceras sp. (68347 68351) Oraniceras wuerttembergicus (188433 188942 189048 189049 189050 189051)
Early/Lower Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Russian Federation (Karachaevo-Cherkessiya)	Oraniceras besnosovi, Oraniceras scythicum (235064)
Early/Lower Bathonian - Middle Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Germany	Parkinsonia gyrumbilica, Parkinsonia wuerttembergica, Parkinsonia fretensis (62252)
Late/Upper Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Germany	Epistrenoceras sp., Parkinsonia sp. (62255)
Late/Upper Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Switzerland	Epistrenoceras histricoides, Epistrenoceras contrarium, Hemigarantia julii (193322)
Middle Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Madagascar (Toamasina)	Epistrenoceras histricoides (234084)
Middle Bathonian - Late/Upper Bathonian	167.7 - 164.7	Germany	Parkinsonia sp. (62254)
Early/Lower Callovian	164.7 - 161.2	Madagascar	Parapatoceras calloviense (98126) Parapatoceras calloviense, Parapatoceras spinosum (98130)
Early/Lower Callovian	164.7 - 161.2	Madagascar (Mahajanga)	Parapatoceras pinatum (234109)
Early/Lower Callovian	164.7 - 161.2	France	Parapatoceras distans (58221 60536)
Late/Upper Callovian	164.7 - 161.2	Argentina (Neuquen)	Paracuariceras sp. (158522)
Late/Upper Callovian	164.7 - 161.2	France	Parapatoceras tuberculatum (180637)
Early/Lower Oxfordian	161.2 - 155.7	France	Acuariceras acucostis (180636)