PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Pliothyrina

Rhynchonellata - Terebratulida - Terebratulidae

Taxonomy

Pliothyrina is a genus. It is not extant.

It was assigned to Terebratulida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Terebratulinae by Williams et al. (2006).

Species

Apletosia maxima, P. grandis (syn. Terebratula subrhomboidea), P. harmeri, P. orfordi, P. sowerbyana (syn. Terebratula variabilis)

Synonyms

Apletosia was named by Cooper (1983) [Sepkoski's age data: T Plio Sepkoski's reference number: 882].

It was synonymized subjectively with Pliothyrina by Williams et al. (2006).

It was assigned to Terebratulida by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1983	Apletosia Cooper p. 226
2002	Apletosia Sepkoski
2002	Pliothyrina Sepkoski
2006	Pliothyrina Williams et al. p. 2057

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Terebratulida
suborder	Terebratulidina
superfamily	Terebratuloidea	(Gray 1840)
family	Terebratulidae	Gray 1840
subfamily	Terebratulinae	Gray 1840
genus	Pliothyrina

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Pliothyrina

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†Pliothyrina grandis Blumenbach 1803

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Invalid names: Terebratula subrhomboidea Speyer 1860 [synonym]

†Pliothyrina harmeri Bell 1921

†Pliothyrina orfordi Muir-Wood 1938

†Pliothyrina sowerbyana Nyst 1843

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Invalid names: Terebratula variabilis Sowerby 1827 [replaced]

Invalid names: Apletosia Cooper 1983 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

part	N	mean
shell height	1	29.1

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationaryf

Attached:

yesf

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalf

Diet:

suspension feederf

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2018-11-10 17:44:14

Modified:

2018-11-10 17:44:14

Source: f = family, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Rupelian to the top of the Gelasian or 33.90000 to 1.80600 Ma

Collections (43 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Priabonian - Rupelian	38.0 - 28.1	Germany	P. grandis (175908)
Rupelian	33.9 - 28.1	Germany	P. grandis (233114 233115 233116 233117 233118 233119 233120)
Chattian	28.1 - 23.03	Germany	P. grandis (187639 233320 233324 233327 233330 233331 233332 233333 233334 233335 233336 233337)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene	23.03 - 11.608	Greenland	Terebratula grandis (88283 88284 88286)
Badenian	13.65 - 12.7	Poland	P. grandis (51687 233140)
Tortonian	11.62 - 7.246	Belgium	P. sowerbyana (187638)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	Netherlands	P. sowerbyana (187618 187619) P. sp. (187617)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	United Kingdom (Suffolk)	Terebratula maxima (190934) Terebratula maxima, Terebratula orfordensis (190933)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	Belgium	P. sowerbyana (233096)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	United Kingdom	P. sowerbyana (187606) P. sp., P. sowerbyana (187607 187608 187609 187610 187611)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	United Kingdom (England)	Terebratula harmeri, Terebratula variabilis (84757)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	France	P. sowerbyana (187616)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	United Kingdom	P. sowerbyana (187612)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	United Kingdom (Essex)	Terebratula harmeri (190932)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	United Kingdom (Suffolk)	Terebratula harmeri (190931)