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Thelyphonida (whip scorpion)
Taxonomy
Thelyphonida was named by Latreille (1804). It is extant.
It was assigned to Arachnida by Brauckmann et al. (2003), Selden et al. (2014); and to Pedipalpi by Garwood and Dunlop (2014), Clouse et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Arachnida by Brauckmann et al. (2003), Selden et al. (2014); and to Pedipalpi by Garwood and Dunlop (2014), Clouse et al. (2017).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1804 | Thelyphonida Latreille |
| 2003 | Thelyphonida Brauckmann et al. p. 52 |
| 2014 | Thelyphonida Garwood and Dunlop p. 23 |
| 2014 | Thelyphonida Selden et al. |
| 2017 | Thelyphonida Clouse et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. Thelyphonida Latreille 1804 [whip scorpion]
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G. †Geralinura Scudder 1884
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†Geralinura britannica Pocock 1911
†Geralinura carbonaria Scudder 1884
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Invalid names: Geralinura gigantea Petrunkevitch 1913 [synonym], Geralinura similis Petrunkevitch 1913 [synonym]
G. †Parageralinura Tetlie and Dunlop 2008
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†Parageralinura marsiglioi Selden et al. 2016
†Parageralinura naufraga Brauckmann and Koch 1983
†Parageralinura neerlandica Laurentiaux-Viera and Laurentiaux 1961
G. †Proschizomus Dunlop and Horrocks 1996
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†Proschizomus petrunkevitchi Dunlop and Horrocks 1996
G. †Prothelyphonus Fritsch 1904
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†Prothelyphonus bohemicus Kušta 1886
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Invalid names: Geralinura crassa Kušta 1889 [synonym], Geralinura noctua Kušta 1889 [synonym], Geralinura scudderi Kušta 1889 [synonym], Prothelyphonus cordai Fritsch 1904 [synonym]
Or. Schizomida Petrunkevitch 1945 [short-tailed whip-scorpion]
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Superfm. Hubbardioidea Cook 1899
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Fm. †Calcitronidae Petrunkevitch 1945
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Fm. Hubbardiidae Cook 1899
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G. †Annazomus De Francesco Magnussen and Müller 2022
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†Annazomus parvulus De Francesco Magnussen 2022
G. †Cretaceozomus De Francesco Magnussen and Müller 2022
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†Cretaceozomus angustocaudatus De Francesco Magnussen 2022
†Cretaceozomus robustus De Francesco Magnussen 2022
G. †Groehnizomus De Francesco Magnussen and Müller 2022
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†Groehnizomus oculiferans De Francesco Magnussen and Müller 2022
†Groehnizomus rodrigoi Müller 2022
Subfm. Hubbardiinae Cook 1899
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G. Antillostenochrus Armas and Teruel 2002
G. Rowlandius Reddell and Cockendolpher 1995
G. Mayazomus Reddell and Cokendolpher 1995
G. †Muellerizomus De Francesco Magnussen and Müller 2022
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†Muellerizomus amandae De Francesco Magnussen and Müller 2022
†Muellerizomus palicaudatus De Francesco Magnussen 2022
G. Stenochrus Chamberlin 1922
Fm. Protoschizomidae Rowland 1975
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Superfm. Thelyphonoidea Lucas 1835
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Fm. Thelyphonidae Lucas 1835
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G. †Mesoproctus Dunlop 1998
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†Mesoproctus rayoli Santana et al. 2024
†Mesoproctus rowlandi Dunlop 1998
Subfm. Thelyphoninae Lucas 1835
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G. †Mesothelyphonus Cai and Huang 2017
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†Mesothelyphonus parvus Cai and Huang 2017
†Mesothelyphonus xiaoae Wu et al. 2025
G. Thelyphonus Latreille 1802
Invalid names: Uropygi Thorell 1882 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class | |||||
| Reference: Bush and Bambach 2015 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Marsdenian to the top of the Pliocene or 321.30000 to 2.58000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 320.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 320.0 Ma
Collections (27 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marsdenian | Germany (Ruhr) | Prothelyphonus naufragus (110939) | |
| Westphalian A | United Kingdom (Lancashire) | Geralinura britannica (172765) | |
| Westphalian A | Netherlands (Limburg) | Parageralinura neerlandica (217351) | |
| Westphalian B | United Kingdom (Staffordshire) | Geralinura britannica (34906) Geralinura britannica, Proschizomus petrunkevitchi (34907) | |
| Westphalian B | United Kingdom (England) | Geralinura britannica (127218) | |
| Moscovian | Czechia (Central Bohemian) | Geralinura scudderi, Geralinura noctua, Geralinura crassa, Thelyphonus bohemicus (126152) | |
| Westphalian C | USA (Massachusetts) | Parilisthelyphonus bryantae (276563) | |
| Westphalian C | Czechia | Prothelyphonus cordai (146851) | |
| Westphalian D | USA (Illinois) | Geralinura carbonaria, Geralinura similis, Geralinura gigantea (21981) Geralinura gigantea (112630) | |
| Westphalian D | China (Hebei) | Prothelyphonus britannicus (147001) | |
| Kasimovian | Ukraine (Voroshilovgrad) | Thelyphonida indet. (123534) | |
| Kasimovian - Gzhelian | Italy | Parageralinura marsiglioi (176779) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Brazil (Ceará) | Mesoproctus rowlandi (122557 127034 228235) Mesoproctus rowlandi, Mesoproctus sp. (122922) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Brazil (Ceara) | Mesoproctus rayoli (34901) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Myanmar | Mesothelyphonus parvus, Crethypoctonus kachinus (161726) Mesothelyphonus xiaoae (222192) Mesozomus groehni, Groehnizomus oculiferans, Muellerizomus amandae, Annazomus parvulus, Cretaceozomus angustocaudatus, Cretaceozomus robustus, Muellerizomus palicaudatus, Groehnizomus rodrigoi (172900) Thelyphonida indet., Schizomida indet., Burmathelyphonia prima (144466) | |
| Priabonian | China (Shandong) | Calcitro oplonis (156319) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Dominican Republic | Mayazomus pseudoannulatus (123422) Stenochrus velteni (122982) | |
| Pliocene | USA (Arizona) | Schizomida indet., Calcitro fisheri, Onychothelyphonus bonneri, Calcoschizomus latisternum (152091) |