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Taxonomy
Eumetopias was named by Gill (1866) [Sepkoski's age data: T Plio-u R]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Eumetopiina by Gray (1871); to Otariini by Mitchell (1968); to Carnivora by Sepkoski (2002); to Otariinae by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Muizon (1978), Berta and Deméré (1986), Barnes (1989), Riedman (1990), McKenna and Bell (1997), Berta (2002), Deméré et al. (2003); to Otariidae by Gill (1866), Allen (1880), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904), Turner (1912), Kellogg (1922), Hay (1930), Repenning and Tedford (1977), Carroll (1988), Berta et al. (2006), Berta (2009), Boessenecker and Churchill (2015), Berta (2018); and to Otariidae by Hay (1902), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Berta et al. (2018), Tsuzuku and Kohno (2020).
It was assigned to Eumetopiina by Gray (1871); to Otariini by Mitchell (1968); to Carnivora by Sepkoski (2002); to Otariinae by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Muizon (1978), Berta and Deméré (1986), Barnes (1989), Riedman (1990), McKenna and Bell (1997), Berta (2002), Deméré et al. (2003); to Otariidae by Gill (1866), Allen (1880), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904), Turner (1912), Kellogg (1922), Hay (1930), Repenning and Tedford (1977), Carroll (1988), Berta et al. (2006), Berta (2009), Boessenecker and Churchill (2015), Berta (2018); and to Otariidae by Hay (1902), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Berta et al. (2018), Tsuzuku and Kohno (2020).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1866 | Eumetopias Gill p. 7 |
| 1871 | Eumetopias Gray p. 12 |
| 1880 | Eumetopias Allen p. 209 |
| 1898 | Eumetopias Trouessart p. 370 |
| 1902 | Eumetopias Hay p. 783 |
| 1904 | Eumetopias Palmer p. 274 |
| 1904 | Eumetopias Trouessart p. 279 |
| 1912 | Eumetopias Turner p. 169 |
| 1922 | Eumetopias Kellogg p. 106 |
| 1930 | Eumetopias Hay p. 558 |
| 1963 | Eumetopias Scheffer and Rice p. 2 |
| 1968 | Eumetopias Mitchell p. 1897 |
| 1977 | Eumetopias Repenning and Tedford p. 73 |
| 1978 | Eumetopias Muizon p. 184 |
| 1980 | Eumetopias Kurten and Anderson p. 203 |
| 1986 | Eumetopias Berta and Deméré p. 122 |
| 1988 | Eumetopias Carroll |
| 1989 | Eumetopias Barnes p. 23 |
| 1990 | Eumetopias Riedman p. 58 |
| 1997 | Eumetopias McKenna and Bell p. 254 |
| 2002 | Eumetopias Berta p. 923 |
| 2002 | Eumetopias Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Eumetopias Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3 |
| 2005 | Eumetopias Wilson and Reeder |
| 2006 | Eumetopias Berta et al. p. 496 |
| 2009 | Eumetopias Berta p. 863 |
| 2015 | Eumetopias Boessenecker and Churchill figs. Fig. 2 |
| 2018 | Eumetopias Berta p. 713 figs. Fig. 2 |
| 2018 | Eumetopias Berta et al. p. 210 figs. Fig. 5 |
| 2020 | Eumetopias Tsuzuku and Kohno p. 6 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Eumetopias Gill 1866 [Steller sea lion]
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Subg. Eumetopias (Eumetopias) Trouessart 1898
Eumetopias jubatus Schreber 1776 [Steller sea lion]
†Eumetopias kishidai Shikama 1953
†Eumetopias oijyaensis Horikawa 1981
Eumetopias stelleri Fischer 1829
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
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| Source: t = tribe, c = class, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carreño and Cronin 1993, Gingerich 2003, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Zanclean to the top of the Holocene or 5.33300 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma
Collections (38 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miocene - Pliocene | Chile | Otaria jubata (221010) | |
| Zanclean | Japan (Iwate) | Eumetopias jubatus (76006) | |
| Pliocene | Japan | Eumetopias sp. (101859) | |
| Piacenzian | Japan (Niigata) | Eumetopias ojiyaensis (101021) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Japan (Ishikawa) | Eumetopias jubatus (200747) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Japan (Niigata) | Allodesmus sp. (101906) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Japan (Kanagawa) | Eumetopias sp. (76023) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Japan | Eumetopias sp. (38499) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Japan (Chiba) | Eumetopias kishidai (59981) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Sonora) | Eumetopias sp. (96783) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Alaska) | Eumetopias jubata (81914 81916) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Japan (Aomori) | Eumetopias jubatus (101897) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Japan (Chiba) | Eumetopias sp. (65240 102176) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Alaska) | Eumetopias jubata (52243) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (California) | Eumetopias jubata (84881) Eumetopias sp. (84894 84906) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Alaska) | Eumetopias jubata (81912) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan (Aomori) | Eumetopias jubatus (101898 101899) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (British Columbia) | Eumetopias jubata (75232 88870) Eumetopias jubatus (238813) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Eumetopias jubata (81919) Eumetopias jubatus (190889) Eumetopias sp. (73753) | |
| Holocene | USA (Oregon) | Eumetopias jubatus (201984) | |
| Holocene | USA (Alaska) | Eumetopias jubata (175944 175945 175946 175947 177178) Eumetopias jubatus (90117 175943 236014) | |
| Holocene | Japan | Eumetopias japonicus (168603) |