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Taxonomy
Monotherium was named by Van Beneden (1876) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-u].
It was reranked as Monachus (Monatherium) by Vanden Broeck (1874); it was misspelled as Monatherium by Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904), Kellogg (1922), McLaren (1960), Hendey (1972), Muizon (1981), Muizon (1982), Carroll (1988), McKenna and Bell (1997), Koretsky (2001), Berta (2002), Sepkoski (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Koretsky and Barnes (2008), Berta (2009), Fulton and Strobeck (2010), Berta (2017), Dewaele et al. (2018); it was corrected as Monatherium by Zittel (1925), Friant (1947), Albright et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Monachus by Vanden Broeck (1874); to Lobodontini by Muizon (1981), Muizon (1982); to Monachina by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Carnivora by Sepkoski (2002); to Phocidae by Palmer (1904), Kellogg (1922), Zittel (1925), Carroll (1988), Dewaele et al. (2018); and to Monachinae by Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Friant (1947), McLaren (1960), Hendey (1972), Koretsky (2001), Berta (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Koretsky and Barnes (2008), Berta (2009), Fulton and Strobeck (2010), Berta (2017), Albright et al. (2019).
It was reranked as Monachus (Monatherium) by Vanden Broeck (1874); it was misspelled as Monatherium by Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904), Kellogg (1922), McLaren (1960), Hendey (1972), Muizon (1981), Muizon (1982), Carroll (1988), McKenna and Bell (1997), Koretsky (2001), Berta (2002), Sepkoski (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Koretsky and Barnes (2008), Berta (2009), Fulton and Strobeck (2010), Berta (2017), Dewaele et al. (2018); it was corrected as Monatherium by Zittel (1925), Friant (1947), Albright et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Monachus by Vanden Broeck (1874); to Lobodontini by Muizon (1981), Muizon (1982); to Monachina by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Carnivora by Sepkoski (2002); to Phocidae by Palmer (1904), Kellogg (1922), Zittel (1925), Carroll (1988), Dewaele et al. (2018); and to Monachinae by Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Friant (1947), McLaren (1960), Hendey (1972), Koretsky (2001), Berta (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Koretsky and Barnes (2008), Berta (2009), Fulton and Strobeck (2010), Berta (2017), Albright et al. (2019).
Species
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1874 | Monachus (Monatherium) Vanden Broeck p. 147 |
| 1876 | Monotherium Van Beneden p. 800 |
| 1898 | Monatherium Trouessart p. 380 |
| 1904 | Monotherium Palmer p. 431 |
| 1904 | Monatherium Trouessart p. 283 |
| 1922 | Monotherium Kellogg p. 112 |
| 1925 | Monatherium Zittel p. 78 |
| 1947 | Monatherium Friant p. 5 |
| 1960 | Monotherium McLaren p. 56 |
| 1972 | Monotherium Hendey p. 100 |
| 1981 | Monotherium Muizon p. 135 |
| 1982 | Monotherium Muizon p. 205 figs. Table 1 |
| 1988 | Monotherium Carroll |
| 1997 | Monotherium McKenna and Bell p. 259 |
| 2001 | Monotherium Koretsky p. 86 |
| 2002 | Monotherium Berta p. 923 |
| 2002 | Monotherium Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Monotherium Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3 |
| 2008 | Monotherium Koretsky and Barnes p. 549 |
| 2009 | Monotherium Berta p. 863 |
| 2010 | Monotherium Fulton and Strobeck p. 817 figs. Figure 1 |
| 2017 | Monotherium Berta p. 157 |
| 2018 | Monotherium Dewaele et al. p. 22 |
| 2019 | Monatherium Albright et al. p. 179 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, c = class, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Carreño and Cronin 1993, Gingerich 2003 | |||||
Age range: base of the Serravallian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 13.82000 to 0.01400 Ma
Collections (7 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miocene | Germany | M. sp. (102175) | |
| Serravallian | Italy | M. sp. (48656) | |
| Serravallian | Netherlands | M. affinis (75152) | |
| Serravallian | Moldova (Chișinău) | M. meoticum (210590) | |
| Serravallian | USA (Virginia) | M. wymani (126605) Phocidae indet. (57110) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (South Carolina) | Monatherium sp. (206993) |