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Paleoparadoxia
Taxonomy
Paleoparadoxia was named by Reinhart (1959) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-m T Mi-u]. Its type is Archaeoparadoxia weltoni. It was considered monophyletic by Beatty (2009).
It was assigned to Paleoparadoxidae by Reinhart (1959); to Cornwalliidae by Shikama (1966); to Desmostylidae by Carroll (1988), Inuzuka et al. (1995) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Desmostylia by Domning et al. (1986), Domning (1996), Sepkoski (2002) and Domning (2008); to Desmostylia by Cooper et al. (2014); to Paleoparadoxiinae by Barnes (2013), Matsui and Kawabe (2015), Matsui (2017) and Matsui et al. (2018); and to Paleoparadoxiidae by Inuzuka (2000), Saegusa (2002), Inuzuka et al. (2006), Domning and Barnes (2007), Hasegawa and Kimura (2008), Beatty (2009), Boessenecker (2011), Hasegawa et al. (2014), Fukuchi and Suzuki (2014), Berta (2017), Domning (2018) and Matsui and Tsuihiji (2019).
It was assigned to Paleoparadoxidae by Reinhart (1959); to Cornwalliidae by Shikama (1966); to Desmostylidae by Carroll (1988), Inuzuka et al. (1995) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Desmostylia by Domning et al. (1986), Domning (1996), Sepkoski (2002) and Domning (2008); to Desmostylia by Cooper et al. (2014); to Paleoparadoxiinae by Barnes (2013), Matsui and Kawabe (2015), Matsui (2017) and Matsui et al. (2018); and to Paleoparadoxiidae by Inuzuka (2000), Saegusa (2002), Inuzuka et al. (2006), Domning and Barnes (2007), Hasegawa and Kimura (2008), Beatty (2009), Boessenecker (2011), Hasegawa et al. (2014), Fukuchi and Suzuki (2014), Berta (2017), Domning (2018) and Matsui and Tsuihiji (2019).
Species
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1959 | Paleoparadoxia Reinhart p. 94 figs. Fig. 17 |
| 1966 | Paleoparadoxia Shikama p. 154 |
| 1986 | Paleoparadoxia Domning et al. p. 36 figs. Fig. 22 |
| 1988 | Paleoparadoxia Carroll |
| 1995 | Paleoparadoxia Inuzuka et al. p. 524 |
| 1996 | Paleoparadoxia Domning p. 395 |
| 1997 | Paleoparadoxia McKenna and Bell p. 375 |
| 2000 | Paleoparadoxia Inuzuka p. 105 |
| 2002 | Paleoparadoxia Saegusa p. 4 |
| 2002 | Paleoparadoxia Sepkoski |
| 2006 | Paleoparadoxia Inuzuka et al. p. 3 |
| 2007 | Paleoparadoxia Domning and Barnes p. 749 |
| 2008 | Paleoparadoxia Domning p. 643 |
| 2008 | Paleoparadoxia Hasegawa and Kimura p. 16 |
| 2009 | Paleoparadoxia Beatty |
| 2011 | Paleoparadoxia Boessenecker p. 2 |
| 2013 | Paleoparadoxia Barnes p. 56 |
| 2014 | Paleoparadoxia Cooper et al. p. 8 figs. Fig. 3 |
| 2014 | Paleoparadoxia Fukuchi and Suzuki p. 8 |
| 2014 | Paleoparadoxia Hasegawa et al. p. 71 |
| 2015 | Paleoparadoxia Matsui and Kawabe p. 256 |
| 2017 | Paleoparadoxia Berta p. 171 |
| 2017 | Paleoparadoxia Matsui p. 4 |
| 2018 | Paleoparadoxia Domning p. 251 |
| 2018 | Paleoparadoxia Matsui et al. p. 6 |
| 2019 | Paleoparadoxia Matsui and Tsuihiji p. 11 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Paleoparadoxia Reinhart 1959
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†Paleoparadoxia media Inuzuka 2005
†Paleoparadoxia tabatai Tokunaga 1939
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| K. Matsui and S. Kawabe 2015 | Emended diagnosis for the genus (humeral characters only).—The greater tubercle extending toward the prox- imal side above the head, a large greater tubercle, a dis- tinct, medially projected lesser tubercle located on the medial side, the intertubercular groove located on the medial side, a shallow and narrow intertubercular groove, an oval head that is slightly convex at the distal end, and absence of the deltoid tuberosity. | |
| K. Matsui et al. 2018 | Relatively larger femoral head with respect to the proximal width than Neoparadoxia and Ashoroa; lesser trochanter is bulged to inside; lesser angle of intertrochanteric crest than Behemotops, Neoparadoxia, Ashoroa and Desmostylus; lesser trochanter closer to femoral head than Desmostylus, Cornwallius and Behemotops. For diagnosis of other parts, see [2,34]. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, o = order | |||||
| References: Matsui et al. 2018, Domning et al. 1986 | |||||
Age range: base of the Aquitanian to the top of the Tortonian or 23.03000 to 7.24600 Ma
Collections (50 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aquitanian | Japan (Hokkaido) | P. sp. (171611 184791) | |
| Miocene | Japan (Shimane) | P. tabatai (186477) | |
| Miocene | Japan (Toyama) | P. tabatai (91475) | |
| Miocene | Japan (Akita) | P. tabatai (186479) | |
| Burdigalian | Japan (Gifu) | P. tabatai (91465) | |
| Burdigalian | Japan (Okayama) | P. tabatai (76044) | |
| Burdigalian | Japan (Saitama) | P. sp. (91601) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | USA (California) | P. sp. (52180) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Japan (Saitama) | P. sp. (133498) P. tabatai (56956) | |
| Barstovian | USA (California) | P. tabatai (19460) | |
| Langhian - Burdigalian | Japan (Aomori) | P. sp. (171802) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Fukui) | P. sp. (89036) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Gunma) | P. sp. (70548) P. sp., P. tabatai (75729) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Hokkaido) | P. sp. (55652) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Saitama) | Cornwallius sp. (171618) P. tabatai (54183) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Satiyama) | P. sp. (171617) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Iwate) | Desmostylus sp. (172170) | |
| Langhian | Japan | P. sp. (171613 171614 171621) P. tabatai (93790 171620) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Satiama Prevecture) | P. sp., P. tabatai (55826) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Miyagi) | P. tabatai (171612) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Okayama) | P. media (171034) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Ishikawa) | P. tabatai (91470) | |
| Langhian | Japan (Fukushima) | P. sp. (96896) P. tabatai (75740) | |
| Langhian | USA (California) | P. tabatai (59059) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | USA (California) | P. sp. (46069 71072) | |
| Middle Miocene | Japan | Dugong sp. (65168) | |
| Middle Miocene | Japan (Ishikawa) | P. sp. (118412) | |
| Middle Miocene | USA (California) | Desmostylia indet. (65985) P. sp. (65986) P. tabatai (38027) | |
| Middle Miocene | Japan (Hokuriku) | P. sp. (161492 161494) | |
| Langhian - Tortonian | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | P. sp. (57778) | |
| Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene | Japan | P. tabatai (40519) | |
| Serravallian | USA (California) | P. sp. (75060) | |
| Tortonian | Japan (Gunma) | P. sp. (200052) | |
| Tortonian | USA (California) | P. sp. (40514 46070) P. tabatai (46071) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Japan | P. tabatai (185111) |