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Chirostenotes
Taxonomy
Chirostenotes was named by Gilmore (1924). It was considered monophyletic by Currie (2000).
It was assigned to Compsognathinae by Nopcsa (1928); to Coelurosauria by Kuhn (1939); to Ornithomimidae by Romer (1966); to Coeluridae by Gilmore (1924), Hay (1930), Russell (1930), Romer (1956), Parsch (1963), Tatarinov (1964), Steel (1970) and Dodson (1983); to Dromaeosauridae by Ostrom (1969) and Welles (1984); to Elmisauridae by Osmolska (1981), Gauthier (1986), Currie (1987), Carroll (1988), Currie (1989) and Currie (1992); to Oviraptoridae by Russell and Dong (1994); to Caenagnathoidea by Lü et al. (2004); to Oviraptorosauria by Currie and Russell (1985) and Xu and Han (2010); to Caenagnathidae by Molnar (1980), Currie and Russell (1988), Le Loeuff et al. (1992), Sues (1994), Sues (1997), Eberth (1997), Barsbold (1997), Eberth et al. (2001), Maryanska et al. (2002), Rauhut (2003), Zanno and Sampson (2003), Osmólska et al. (2004), Lü and Zhang (2005), Longrich (2008), Longrich et al. (2010), Sullivan et al. (2011), Lamanna et al. (2014), Lü et al. (2015) and Funston and Currie (2016); and to Caenagnathinae by Paul (1988), Currie (2000), Longrich et al. (2013) and Funston (2020).
It was assigned to Compsognathinae by Nopcsa (1928); to Coelurosauria by Kuhn (1939); to Ornithomimidae by Romer (1966); to Coeluridae by Gilmore (1924), Hay (1930), Russell (1930), Romer (1956), Parsch (1963), Tatarinov (1964), Steel (1970) and Dodson (1983); to Dromaeosauridae by Ostrom (1969) and Welles (1984); to Elmisauridae by Osmolska (1981), Gauthier (1986), Currie (1987), Carroll (1988), Currie (1989) and Currie (1992); to Oviraptoridae by Russell and Dong (1994); to Caenagnathoidea by Lü et al. (2004); to Oviraptorosauria by Currie and Russell (1985) and Xu and Han (2010); to Caenagnathidae by Molnar (1980), Currie and Russell (1988), Le Loeuff et al. (1992), Sues (1994), Sues (1997), Eberth (1997), Barsbold (1997), Eberth et al. (2001), Maryanska et al. (2002), Rauhut (2003), Zanno and Sampson (2003), Osmólska et al. (2004), Lü and Zhang (2005), Longrich (2008), Longrich et al. (2010), Sullivan et al. (2011), Lamanna et al. (2014), Lü et al. (2015) and Funston and Currie (2016); and to Caenagnathinae by Paul (1988), Currie (2000), Longrich et al. (2013) and Funston (2020).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1924 | Chirostenotes Gilmore p. 3 figs. 1, 3-4 |
1928 | Cheirostenotes Nopcsa p. 183 |
1930 | Chirostenotes Hay p. 186 |
1930 | Chirostenotes Russell p. 148 |
1932 | Macrophalangia Sternberg pp. 100-101 figs. 1-2 |
1939 | Macrophalangia Kuhn p. 50 |
1939 | Chirostenotes Kuhn p. 54 |
1956 | Chirostenotes Romer p. 612 |
1956 | Macrophalangia Romer p. 613 |
1963 | Chirostenotes Parsch p. 6 |
1963 | Macrophalangia Parsch p. 6 |
1964 | Chirostenotes Tatarinov p. 533 |
1964 | Macrophalangia Tatarinov p. 535 |
1966 | Chirostenotes Romer p. 369 |
1966 | Macrophalangia Romer p. 369 |
1969 | Chirostenotes Ostrom p. 148 |
1970 | Chirostenotes Steel p. 13 |
1970 | Macrophalangia Steel p. 19 |
1970 | Macrophalangia Swinton p. 133 |
1980 | Chirostenotes Molnar p. 137 |
1980 | Macrophalangia Molnar p. 138 |
1981 | Chirostenotes Osmolska p. 80 |
1981 | Macrophalangia Osmolska p. 80 |
1983 | Chirostenotes Dodson p. 95 |
1983 | Macrophalangia Dodson p. 95 |
1984 | Macrophalangia Russell p. 24 |
1984 | Chirostenotes Welles p. 177 |
1985 | Chirostenotes Currie and Russell p. 25 |
1986 | Macrophalangia Clemens p. 79 |
1986 | Chirostenotes Gauthier p. 9 |
1986 | Macrophalangia Gauthier p. 9 |
1987 | Chirostenotes Currie p. 55 |
1988 | Chirostenotes Carroll |
1988 | Chirostenotes Currie and Russell |
1988 | Chirostenotes Paul p. 373 |
1989 | Chirostenotes Currie p. 1323 |
1992 | Chirostenotes Currie p. 239 |
1992 | Chirostenotes Le Loeuff et al. p. 338 |
1994 | Chirostenotes Russell and Dong p. 2125 |
1994 | Chirostenotes Sues p. 48A |
1997 | Chirostenotes Barsbold pp. 507-508 |
1997 | Chirostenotes Eberth p. 201 |
1997 | Chirostenotes Sues p. 699 |
2000 | Chirostenotes Currie p. 438 |
2001 | Chirostenotes Eberth et al. p. 58 |
2002 | Chirostenotes Maryanska et al. p. 101 fig. 1 |
2003 | Chirostenotes Rauhut p. 40 |
2003 | Chirostenotes Zanno and Sampson p. 113A |
2004 | Chirostenotes Lü et al. p. 112 fig. 8 |
2004 | Chirostenotes Osmólska et al. p. 166 |
2005 | Chirostenotes Lü and Zhang p. 417 |
2008 | Chirostenotes Longrich p. 994 |
2010 | Chirostenotes Longrich et al. p. 953 fig. 7 |
2010 | Chirostenotes Xu and Han p. 16 fig. 3 |
2011 | Chirostenotes Sullivan et al. p. 428 |
2013 | Chirostenotes Longrich et al. |
2014 | Chirostenotes Lamanna et al. p. 10 fig. 6 |
2014 | Macrophalangia Lamanna et al. p. 10 fig. 6 |
2015 | Chirostenotes Lü et al. |
2015 | Macrophalangia Lü et al. |
2016 | Chirostenotes Funston and Currie p. 14 |
2020 | Chirostenotes Funston p. 136 fig. 20 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Chirostenotes Gilmore 1924
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†Chirostenotes pergracilis Gilmore 1924
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Invalid names: Caenagnathus sternbergi Cracraft 1971 [synonym], Macrophalangia canadensis Sternberg 1932 [synonym]
Invalid names: Macrophalangia Sternberg 1932 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder, o = order | |||||
References: Averianov and Yarkov 2004, Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875 |
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Campanian to the top of the Lancian or 83.50000 to 66.00000 Ma
Collections (27 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Texas) | C. sp. (143522) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Caenagnathus sternbergi (46953 232141) C. pergracilis (22656 45683 64319) C. sp. (227125) Dromaeosaurus sp. (59116) Leptorhynchos elegans (232140) Macrophalangia canadensis (45755) | |
Middle Campanian | USA (Montana) | C. sp. A, C. sp. B (14437) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Texas) | C. sp. (22709 212186) | |
Lancian | USA (South Dakota) | C. sp. (14537 192251) | |
Lancian | USA (Montana) | C. sp. (14507 14515 14533 14534 14535 14536 14548 14560 14562 14574 14582 14639) |