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Anhinga
Taxonomy
Anhinga was named by Brisson (1760). It is extant. It was considered unknown by Emslie (1998).
It was assigned to Anhingidae by Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956), Alvarez (1977), Olson (1985), Becker (1986), Carroll (1988), Emslie (1998), Mlikovsky (2002), Louchart et al. (2008), del Hoyo et al. (2014), Clements et al. (2017), Worthy and Nguyen (2020), Mayr et al. (2020) and Tambussi et al. (2023).
It was assigned to Anhingidae by Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956), Alvarez (1977), Olson (1985), Becker (1986), Carroll (1988), Emslie (1998), Mlikovsky (2002), Louchart et al. (2008), del Hoyo et al. (2014), Clements et al. (2017), Worthy and Nguyen (2020), Mayr et al. (2020) and Tambussi et al. (2023).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1760 | Anhinga Brisson |
| 1940 | Anhinga Wetmore p. 14 |
| 1956 | Anhinga Wetmore p. 18 |
| 1977 | Anhinga Alvarez p. 213 |
| 1985 | Anhinga Olson p. 206 |
| 1986 | Anhinga Becker p. 804 |
| 1988 | Anhinga Carroll |
| 1998 | Anhinga Emslie pp. 21-22 |
| 2002 | Anhinga Mlikovsky p. 73 |
| 2008 | Anhinga Louchart et al. p. 153 |
| 2014 | Anhinga del Hoyo et al. |
| 2017 | Anhinga Clements et al. |
| 2020 | Anhinga Mayr et al. p. 4 |
| 2020 | Anhinga Worthy and Nguyen p. 92 |
| 2023 | Anhinga Tambussi et al. p. 271 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Anhinga Brisson 1760
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Anhinga anhinga Linnaeus 1766 [anhinga]
†Anhinga beckeri Emslie 1998
†Anhinga grandis Martin and Mengel 1975
†Anhinga hesterna Ameghino 1894
†Anhinga malagurala Mackness 1995
Anhinga melanogaster Pennant 1769 [oriental darter]
Anhinga novaehollandiae Gould 1847 [Australasian darter]
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Invalid names: Plotus laticeps De Vis 1905 [synonym]
†Anhinga pannonica Lambrect 1916
Anhinga rufa Daudin 1802 [African darter]
†Anhinga subvolans Brodkorb 1956
†Anhinga walterbolesi Worthy 2012
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Benton 1983, Marsh 1875 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Oligocene to the top of the Holocene or 28.40000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 23.03 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 23.03 Ma
Collections (39 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Australia (South Australia) | A. walterbolesi (216846) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Florida) | Phalacrocorax subvolans (18597) | |
| Santacrucian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Liptornis hesternus (27313) | |
| Serravallian - Tortonian | Tunisia (Gafsa) | A. pannonica (35281) | |
| Laventan | Colombia (Huila) | A. grandis (186683) | |
| MN 6 - MN 7 + 8 | Hungary (Nograd) | A. sp. (167497) | |
| Late/Upper Clarendonian | USA (Florida) | Anhingidae indet. (18554) | |
| Tortonian | Brazil (Acre) | A. fraileyi, A. minuta, A. grandis (55602) | |
| Tortonian | Germany (Bavaria) | A. pannonica (34256) | |
| Tortonian - Messinian | Kenya | A. rufa (22241) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Ethiopia | A. melanogaster (192301 192303) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Brazil (Acre) | A. minuta, A. fraileyi, A. grandis (136714) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Australia (Northern Territory) | A. sp. (13315) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Florida) | A. grandis (18560) | |
| early Early Hemphillian - late Early Hemphillian | USA (Florida) | A. grandis (18539) | |
| Huayquerian | Argentina (Entre Rios) | A. minuta (140471) | |
| Messinian | Chad | A. pannonica (59839) A. sp., A. melanogaster (192292) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Kenya | A. rufa (22242) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Kenya | A. sp. (232486) | |
| Zanclean | Australia (Queensland) | A. malagurala (51266) A. sp. (182159) | |
| Piacenzian | India | A. sp. (176226) | |
| Piacenzian | Chad | A. melanogaster (22505) Aves indet. (22506) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Jalisco) | A. anhinga (169983) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Greece | A. sp. (187637 194476) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | A. anhinga (195048) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (Florida) | A. anhinga (20440) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Congo-Kinshasa | A. melanogaster (22066) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (Queensland) | A. melanogaster (194846) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Plotus laticeps (176412) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Florida) | A. sp. (154722) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | A. anhinga (154773) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Florida) | A. anhinga (20636) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Madagascar | A. melanogaster (195018) | |
| Holocene | Mexico | A. anhinga (215471) |