PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Palaeeudyptes

Osteichthyes - Spheniscidae

Taxonomy

Palaeeudyptes was named by Huxley (1859).

It was assigned to Palaeeudyptinae by Simpson (1946), Marples (1952), Brodkorb (1963), Tambussi et al. (2006); to Sphenisciformes by Ksepka et al. (2006), Mayr (2009); and to Spheniscidae by Huxley (1859), Lambrecht (1933), Lowe (1939), Simpson (1971), Simpson (1971), Carroll (1988), Myrcha et al. (2002), Jadwiszczak (2006), Acosta Hospitaleche and Reguero (2010), Acosta Hospitaleche (2014), Tambussi et al. (2023).

Species

P. antarcticus, P. gunnari, P. klekowskii, P. marplesi

Species lacking formal opinion data

P. klekowsii

Entered

by M. Uhen on 2007-01-17; modified by M. Uhen on 2018-02-14

Synonyms

Eosphaeniscus was named by Wiman (1905).

It was corrected as Eospheniscus by Lambrecht (1933); it was synonymized subjectively with Palaeeudyptes by Simpson (1971), Myrcha et al. (1990), Myrcha et al. (2002).

It was assigned to Spheniscidae by Wiman (1905), Ameghino (1905), Lambrecht (1933); to Anthropornithinae by Simpson (1946); and to Palaeeudyptinae by Brodkorb (1963).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1859	Palaeeudyptes Huxley p. 670
1905	Eospheniscus Ameghino p. 132
1905	Eosphaeniscus Wiman p. 250 figs. Plate XII, Fig. 5
1933	Eospheniscus Lambrecht p. 232
1933	Palaeeudyptes Lambrecht p. 235
1939	Palaeeudyptes Lowe
1946	Eosphaeniscus Simpson p. 37
1946	Palaeeudyptes Simpson p. 38
1952	Palaeeudyptes Marples p. 28
1963	Palaeeudyptes Brodkorb p. 231
1963	Eosphaeniscus Brodkorb p. 235
1971	Palaeeudyptes Simpson p. 334
1988	Palaeondyptes Carroll
2002	Palaeeudyptes Myrcha et al. p. 21
2006	Palaeeudyptes Jadwiszczak p. 20
2006	Palaeeudyptes Ksepka et al. p. 416 figs. Figure 3
2006	Palaeeudyptes Tambussi et al. p. 153
2009	Palaeeudyptes Mayr p. 71
2010	Palaeeudyptes Acosta Hospitaleche and Reguero p. 293
2014	Palaeeudyptes Acosta Hospitaleche p. 557
2023	Palaeeudyptes Tambussi et al. p. 272

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)
—	Crocopoda

Rank	Name	Author
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
—	Maniraptora
—	Paraves
class	Aves
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
—	Aequornithes
—	Feraequornithes
superorder	Procellariimorphae
—	Sphenisciformes	(Sharpe 1891)
family	Spheniscidae	Bonaparte 1831
genus	Palaeeudyptes

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Palaeeudyptes Huxley 1859

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†Palaeeudyptes antarcticus Huxley 1859

†Palaeeudyptes gunnari Wiman 1905

†Palaeeudyptes klekowskii Myrcha et al. 2002

†Palaeeudyptes marplesi Brodkorb 1963

Invalid names: Eosphaeniscus Wiman 1905 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yeso

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2017-04-17 10:40:01

Modified:

2017-04-17 10:40:01

Source: subo = suborder, o = order

References: Kiessling 2004, Benton 1983, Bush and Bambach 2015, Marsh 1875

Age range: base of the Lutetian to the top of the Waitakian or 48.07000 to 21.70000 Ma

Collections (22 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	Antarctica	P. antarcticus, P. gunnari (211926)
Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene	48.07 - 33.9	Chile	P. sp. (99479)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Antarctica	Eosphaeniscus gunnari (77358)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	P. klekowskii, P. gunnari (53666)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Argentina (Tierra del Fuego)	Pansphenisciformes indet. (59977)
Kaiatan	39.1 - 36.7	New Zealand	P. sp., P. antarcticus, P. marplesi (74594)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.71 - 33.9	Antarctica	P. sp. (207513)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.71 - 33.9	Australia (South Australia)	P. marplesi (50365)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	P. gunnari (100475) P. klekowsii, P. gunnari (100187) P. klekowskii, P. gunnari (100290)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Antarctica	P. klekowskii (100413 100419) P. klekowskii, P. gunnari, P. sp. (100410) P. sp., P. klekowskii, P. gunnari (100411)
Whaingaroan	34.6 - 27.3	New Zealand	Palaeudyptes antarcticus (74587)
Whaingaroan	34.6 - 27.3	New Zealand (North Island)	P. sp. (88024)
Duntroonian	27.3 - 25.2	New Zealand (North Otago)	P. sp. (63049)
Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene	27.3 - 15.98	Antarctica	Eosphaeniscus sp. (88443 88444 88446)
Waitakian	25.2 - 21.7	New Zealand	P. sp., P. antarcticus (74595)