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Leptarctus
Taxonomy
Leptarctus was named by Leidy (1856) [also said to be 1857]. Its type is Leptarctus primus.
It was assigned to Cercoleptinae by Hay (1902); to Leptarctini by Baskin (1998); to Mustelidae by Leidy (1856), Carroll (1988), Baskin (2005); and to Leptarctinae by Lim and Martin (2001), Wang et al. (2004), Korth and Baskin (2009), Bever and Zakrzewski (2009), Robles et al. (2010), Baskin (2017).
It was assigned to Cercoleptinae by Hay (1902); to Leptarctini by Baskin (1998); to Mustelidae by Leidy (1856), Carroll (1988), Baskin (2005); and to Leptarctinae by Lim and Martin (2001), Wang et al. (2004), Korth and Baskin (2009), Bever and Zakrzewski (2009), Robles et al. (2010), Baskin (2017).
Species
L. (Pseudoleptarctus), L. ancipidens, L. martini, L. mummorum, L. neimenguensis, L. oregonensis, L. primus (syn. Hypsoparia bozemanensis, Hypsoparia timmi) (type species), L. progressus, L. supremus, L. webbi, L. woodburnei, L. wortmani (syn. L. desuii, L. kansasensis, L. (Pseudoleptarctus) genowaysi)
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1856 | Leptarctus Leidy |
| 1902 | Leptarctus Hay p. 764 |
| 1941 | Mephititaxus White |
| 1954 | Hypsoparia Dorr p. 179 |
| 1988 | Leptarctus Carroll |
| 1998 | Leptarctus Baskin p. 158 |
| 2000 | Hypsoparia Lim and Miao |
| 2001 | Leptarctus Lim and Martin p. 314 |
| 2002 | Hypsoparia Lim and Martin p. 270 |
| 2003 | Leptarctus (Pseudoleptarctus) Lim and Martin |
| 2004 | Hypsoparia Wang et al. |
| 2004 | Leptarctus Wang et al. |
| 2005 | Leptarctus Baskin |
| 2009 | Leptarctus Bever and Zakrzewski p. 466 |
| 2009 | Leptarctus Korth and Baskin p. 31 |
| 2010 | Leptarctus Robles et al. p. 550 |
| 2017 | Leptarctus Baskin pp. e1293069-12 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Leptarctus Leidy 1856
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†Leptarctus ancipidens White 1941
†Leptarctus martini Lim and Miao 2000
†Leptarctus mummorum Korth and Baskin 2009
†Leptarctus neimenguensis Zhai 1964
†Leptarctus oregonensis Stock 1930
†Leptarctus primus Leidy 1856
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Invalid names: Hypsoparia bozemanensis Dorr 1954 [synonym], Hypsoparia timmi Lim and Martin 2002 [synonym]
†Leptarctus progressus Simpson 1930
†Leptarctus supremus Lim et al. 2001
†Leptarctus webbi Baskin 2005
†Leptarctus woodburnei Bever and Zakrzewski 2009
†Leptarctus wortmani Matthew 1924
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Invalid names: Leptarctus (Pseudoleptarctus) genowaysi Lim and Martin 2003 [synonym], Leptarctus desuii Lim and Martin 2001 [synonym], Leptarctus kansasensis Lim and Martin 2001 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hypsoparia Dorr 1954 [synonym], Leptarctus (Pseudoleptarctus) Lim and Martin 2003 [invalid subgroup], Mephititaxus White 1941 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| J. A. Dorr 1954 (Hypsoparia) | Skull size and general proportions, except for zygomatic arch, about that of Leptarctus primus Leidy (1856). Skull broad across zygomae. Muzzle short, deep, and wide. Two separate, prominent, broad and heavy temporal crests. Dental formula I 3?/3, C 1/l, P 3/3, Ml?/2. P, with well developed posterior accessory cuspule external to midline; quadrangular in outline with well developed hypocone; paracone and metacone separated by a distinct notch. M~ quadrate, longest on labial side of crown; protocone more anteriorly placed and hypoconal crescent stronger than in Craterogale Gazin (1936); differs from Mephititaxus White (1941) in being smaller, less inflated, and longer than wide. Orbit small, subcircular, nearly closed behind. Zygomatic arch extremely large, more so than in Leptarctus Leidy (1956) as revised by l\fatthew (1924); height just posterior to orbit equal to or slightly greater than orbital height, becoming higher posteriorly; greatest height just anterior to glenoid cavity about one and three-quarters times orbital height; ventral edge grooved for reception of masseter muscle. Lower jaw large and heavily built, as in Leptarctus wortmani Matthew (1924); anterior edge of coronoid rising steeply, masseteric fossa deep. M, reduced. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991, Korth and Baskin 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Hemingfordian to the top of the Late/Upper Miocene or 18.50000 to 5.33300 Ma
Collections (49 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miocene | USA (Montana) | L. bozemanensis (18969) | |
| Miocene | USA (Oregon) | L. oregonensis (18958) | |
| Early/Lower Hemingfordian | USA (Florida) | L. ancipidens (18562) | |
| Early/Lower Hemingfordian | USA (Nebraska) | L. ancipidens (17898) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Wyoming) | L. sp. (19074 19075) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Florida) | Mephitaxus ancipidens (18597) | |
| Late/Upper Hemingfordian | USA (California) | L. ancipidens (19369) | |
| Hemingfordian - Barstovian | USA (California) | L. ancipidens (19319) | |
| Hemingfordian - Barstovian | USA (Oregon) | L. oregonensis (18864) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | L. bozemanensis (18031 18164 18275 18442) L. primus (18090 18284) L. sp. (18124 18443) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Oregon) | L. oregonensis (19031 191985) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Montana) | Hypsoparia sp. (18894) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Colorado) | L. primus (18220) | |
| Barstovian | USA (South Dakota) | Hypsoparia timmi (105967) L. primus (18397) L. sp. (18160) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | L. oregonensis (17905 17976) L. primus (17911 18004) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | Mexico (Oaxaca) | L. sp. (18735) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Montana) | Hypsoparia bozemanensis (18803) | |
| Barstovian - Hemphillian | USA (Nebraska) | L. desuii (22852) | |
| Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene | China (Nei Mongol) | L. neimonguensis (28781) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Texas) | L. sp. (18283) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Nebraska) | L. sp. (18233 188779) L. wortmani (18095 18227) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (California) | L. sp. (19185) | |
| Late/Upper Clarendonian | USA (Kansas) | L. kansasensis (110829) L. mummorum (110827) | |
| Late/Upper Clarendonian | USA (Nebraska) | L. wortmani (110828) | |
| Late/Upper Clarendonian | USA (Florida) | L. sp. (18554) | |
| Clarendonian - Hemphillian | USA (Washington) | L. sp. (175228) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Nebraska) | L. sp. (18033) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Kansas) | L. sp. (18055) Mustelidae indet. (18237) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Texas) | L. sp. (18072 18198) |