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Caviidae

Osteichthyes - Rodentia - Caviidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1821Caviidae Gray
1821Caviadae Gray p. 304
1850Caviidae Bonaparte p. 1
1883Caviidae Flower p. 185
1891Caviidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1898Caviidae Gadow p. 43
1902Caviidae Ameghino
1902Caviidae Hay p. 734
1911Caviidae Jaekel p. 222
1958Caviidae Wood p. 172
1988Caviidae Carroll
1991Caviidae Nowak
1993Caviidae MacFadden et al. p. 235
1998Caviidae Prado et al. p. 795
1999Caviidae Nowak
2001Caviidae Huchon and Douzery p. 247
2012Caviidae Candela et al. p. 521
2017Caviidae Madozzo-Jaén and Pérez p. 380

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—EuarchontogliresMurphy et al. 2001
—GliriformesWyss and Meng 1996
—Glires()
—Simplicidentata()
orderRodentiaBowdich 1821
—CtenohystricaHuchon et al. 2000
infraorderHystricognathi(Tullberg 1899)
—Caviomorpha(Wood and Patterson 1955)
superfamilyCavioideaFischer de Waldheim 1817
familyCaviidae
familyCaviidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Caviidae Gray 1821
show all | hide all
G. †Allocavia Pascual 1962
+
†Allocavia chasicoense Pascual 1962
Subfm. †Cardiomyinae Kraglievich 1930
+
G. †Parodimys Kraglievich 1932
G. †Cardiomys Ameghino 1885
+
Subg. †Cardiomys (Pseudocardiomys) Kraglievich 1932
†Cardiomys ameghinorum Rovereto 1914
†Cardiomys cavinus Ameghino 1885
†Cardiomys leufuensis Pérez et al. 2018
†Cardiomys mesopotamicus Ameghino 1888
Invalid names: Cardiomys andinus Kraglievich 1930 [nomen dubium]
G. Cavia Pallas 1766 [guinea pig]
+
Subg. Cavia (Cavia) Pallas 1766
Cavia aperea Erxleben 1777 [Brazilian guinea pig]
+
+
Invalid names: Cavia anolaimae Allen 1916 [synonym], Cavia porcellus venezuelae Allen 1911 [synonym]
Cavia aperea nana Thomas 1917
Invalid names: Cavia guianae caripensis Ojasti 1964 [synonym]
Cavia aperea aperea Erxleben 1777
†Cavia cabrerai Candela and Bonini 2017
Cavia fulgida Wagler 1831 [shiny guinea pig]
†Cavia galileoi Verzi and Quintana 2005
Cavia intermedia Cherem et al. 1999 [Santa Catarina's guinea pig]
†Cavia lamingnae Locks and Montenegro 1985
Cavia magna Ximenez 1980 [greater guinea pig]
†Cavia oeningensis Holl 1829
Cavia patzelti Schliemann 1982
Cavia porcellus Linnaeus 1758 [guinea pig]
+
Invalid names: Cavia cobaya Pallas 1766 [objective synonym]
Cavia tschudii Fitzinger 1867 [montane guinea pig]
+
Cavia tschudii osgoodi Sandborn 1949
Cavia tschudii tschudii Fitzinger 1867
Invalid names: Cavia tschudii pallidior Thomas 1917 [replaced]
†Cavia vates Winge 1887
Subfm. Caviinae Gray 1821
+
G. Galea Meyen 1832
+
†Galea leucoblephara Burmeister 1861
Galea musteloides Meyen 1832 [common yellow-toothed cavy]
Galea spixii Wagler 1851
G. †Palaeocavia Ameghino 1889
+
†Palaeocavia avita Ameghino 1887
†Palaeocavia brocherense Castellanos 1936
†Palaeocavia chapalmalense Ameghino 1908
†Palaeocavia humahuaquense Candela et al. 2023
†Palaeocavia impar Ameghino 1888
†Palaeocavia mawka Madozzo-Jaén and Pérez 2017
†Palaeocavia minuta Ameghino 1889
†Palaeocavia pampaea Ameghino 1889
G. †Caviodon Ameghino 1885
+
Subg. †Caviodon (Paracaviodon) Kraglievich 1932
†Caviodon andalhualensis Pérez et al. 2018
†Caviodon australis Ameghino 1889
†Caviodon cuyano Vucetich et al. 2011
†Caviodon multiplicatus Ameghino 1885
+
Invalid names: Caviodon angustidens Kraglievich 1932 [synonym], Caviodon bravardi Kraglievich 1927 [synonym], Caviodon paranensis Kraglievich 1930 [synonym], Caviodon scalai Kraglievich 1932 [synonym]
†Caviodon pozzii Kraglievich 1927
G. †Caviops Ameghino 1908
+
†Caviops chapadmalalensis Ameghino 1908
†Caviops chapalmalensis Ameghino 1908
†Caviops duplicatus Ameghino 1908
G. †Dolicavia Ameghino 1916
+
†Dolicavia minuscula Ameghino 1908
+
Invalid names: Dolicavia loberiaense Ameghino 1908 [synonym]
Subfm. Dolichotinae [mara]
+
G. †Eodolichotis Walton 1990
+
†Eodolichotis elachys Walton 1990
†Eodolichotis maddeni Walton 1990
G. Pediolagus Marelli 1927
+
Pediolagus salinicola Burmeister 1875
G. †Pliodolichotis Kraglievich 1927
G. †Rhodanodolichotis Walton 1990
+
G. Dolichotis Desmarest 1820 [mara]
+
†Dolichotis andina Rovereto 1914
†Dolichotis intermedia Ameghino 1889
†Dolichotis minuscula Ameghino 1908
Dolichotis patagonum Zimmermann 1780 [Patagonian mara]
†Dolichotis platycephala Ameghino 1889
†Dolichotis salinicola Burmeister 1876
Subfm. Hydrochoerinae Gill 1872
+
G. †Hydrochoeropsis Kraglievich 1930
+
†Hydrochoeropsis dasseni Kraglievich 1930
†Hydrochoeropsis wayuu Pérez et al. 2017
G. Hydrochoerus Brisson 1762 [capybara]
+
†Hydrochoerus gaylordi MacPhee et al. 2000
†Hydrochoerus hesperotiganites White et al. 2022 [capybara]
Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Linnaeus 1766 [capybara]
+
Invalid names: Capiguara americana Liais 1872 [synonym], Cavia capybara Pallas 1766 [synonym], Hydrochoerus cololoi Berro 1968 [synonym], Hydrochoerus irroratus Ameghino 1889 [synonym], Hydrochoerus uruguayensis Ameghino and Rovereto 1914 [synonym]
Hydrochoerus isthmius Goldman 1912
†Hydrochoerus perturbidus Ameghino 1889
†Hydrochoerus tarijensis Ameghino 1902
Invalid names: Capiguara Liais 1872 [synonym], Xenohydrochoerus Rusconi 1934 [synonym]
G. †Neochoerus Hay 1926
+
†Neochoerus aesopi Leidy 1853
+
Invalid names: Hydrochoerus holmesi Simpson 1928 [synonym], Hydrochoerus robustus Leidy 1886 [synonym]
†Neochoerus sirasakae Spillmann 1941
Invalid names: Oromys Leidy 1853 [synonym], Prohydrochoerus Spillmann 1941 [synonym]
G. †Xenocardia Pascual and Bondesio 1963
+
†Xenocardia diversidens Pascual and Bondesio 1963
G. Kerodon Cuvier 1823
+
†Cerodon priscus Ameghino 1889
†Cerodon pygmeus Ameghino 1889
†Cerodon turgeo Ameghino 1889
†Kerodon rupestris Wied 1820
G. Microcavia Gervais and Ameghino 1880
+
†Microcavia aua Mones and Castiglioni 1979
Microcavia australis Geoffroy and Dorbigny 1833
†Microcavia chapalmalensis Ameghino 1908
†Microcavia isolinense Castellanos 1936
†Microcavia prona Ameghino 1889
†Microcavia uncinata Ameghino 1889
G. †Neocavia Kraglievich 1932
+
†Neocavia depressidens Parodi and Kraglievich 1948
†Neocavia lozanoi Kraglievich 1932
†Neocavia pampeana Madozzo-Jaén et al. 2018
G. †Orthomyctera Ameghino 1889
+
†Orthomyctera andina Rovereto 1914
†Orthomyctera brocherense Castellanos 1936
†Orthomyctera chapalmalense Ameghino 1908
†Orthomyctera lacunosa Ameghino 1888
†Orthomyctera lata Ameghino 1889
†Orthomyctera rigens Ameghino 1888
†Orthomyctera vaga Ameghino 1889
G. †Pascualia Ortega Hinosa 1963
+
†Pascualia laeviplicata Ortega Hinosa 1963
G. †Procardiomys Pascual 1961
+
†Procardiomys martinoi Pascual 1961
G. †Prodolichotis Kraglievich 1932
+
†Dolichotis prisca mendocina Rovereto 1914
†Prodolichotis guerreroi Walton 1990
†Prodolichotis pridiana Fields 1957
†Prodolichotis prisca Rovereto 1914
G. †Propediolagus Ortega Hinosa 1963
+
†Propediolagus marplatensis Ortega Hinosa 1963
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 3.5 kgs
Minimum body mass: 2 kgs
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: herbivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999f
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-26 13:33:05
Source: s = species, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Walton 1997, Ji et al. 2002

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Friasian to the top of the Holocene or 16.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.5 Ma

Collections (279 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Burdigalian - Langhian20.45 - 13.82Bolivia (Potosí) Orthomyctera sp. (68503)
Friasian16.3 - 15.5Argentina (Chubut) Cardiomys andinus (204600)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.63Peru (San Martin) Caviidae indet. (230802)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.63Argentina (Entre Rios) Caviidae indet. (199484)
Serravallian - Tortonian13.82 - 7.246Argentina (La Pampa) Cardiomys sp., Prodolichotis sp., Cardiomys leufuensis (231228)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia (Huila Department) Prodolichotis pridiana, Eodolichotis maddeni, Rhodanodolichotis antepridiana (12971)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia (Huila) Caviidae indet. (133441 186680 186683 194495) Caviidae indet., Prodolichotis pridiana (186669 194496) Caviidae indet., Rhodanodolichotis sp. (141256) Dolichotinae indet. (200903) Eodolichotis elachys (141257) Eodolichotis maddeni (142486 186787 187974) Eodolichotis maddeni, Eodolichotis elachys (142494) Eodolichotis sp. (186608) Prodolichotis guerreroi (136211) Prodolichotis pridiana (135348 187970 194494 195251 195256 200904 200905) Prodolichotis pridiana, Eodolichotis sp. (136233) Prodolichotis pridiana, Prodolichotis guerreroi (134806) Prodolichotis pridiana, Prodolichotis guerreroi, Rhodanodolichotis antepridiana (142428) Rhodanodolichotis antepridiana (186629) Rhodanodolichotis sp. (187957) Rhodanodolichotis sp., Rhodanodolichotis vucetichae (143489)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Peru Prodolichotis pridiana (107992)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia Prodolichotis n. sp. unnamed (207558) Rhodanodolichotis sp. (13680)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Bolivia (Tarija) Caviidae indet. (38071)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Peru Caviinae indet. (176133)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Argentina (Chubut) Dolichotinae indet. (122079)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Brazil (Acre) Caviodon sp., Dolichotinae indet. (55602)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Brazil (Acre) Caviodon sp., Dolichotinae indet. (134808)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Argentina (Salta) Procardiomys sp. (197784)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Uruguay (San José) Prodolichotis sp. (113415)
Tortonian - Messinian11.63 - 5.333Argentina (Catamarca) Prodolichotis prisca (204534)
Chasicoan10.0 - 8.0Argentina (Buenos Aires) Allocavia chasicoense (206218) Cardiomys sp., Orthomyctera sp., Parodimys sp., Procardiomys martinoi, Cardiomys leufuensis (79180)
Chasicoan10.0 - 8.0Argentina (San Juan) Xenocardia diversidens (13502)
Chasicoan - Huayquerian10.0 - 5.0Argentina (La Pampa) Neocavia lozanoi (204494)