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Taxonomy
Choneziphius was named by Duvernoy (1851) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-u T Plio-u]. It was considered monophyletic by Uhen et al. (2008) and Lambert et al. (2009).
It was assigned to Delphinidae by Bronn (1853); to Physeteridae by Cope (1890) and Newton (1891); to Xiphii by Winge (1921); to Ziphiini by Muizon (1990) and Bianucci et al. (1994); to Hyperoodontidae by Scott (1873) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Cetacea by Pictet (1853) and Sepkoski (2002); to Ziphiinae by Lydekker (1887), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904), Zittel (1925), Hay (1930), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Bianucci et al. (2007), Lambert et al. (2009), Bianucci et al. (2010), Lambert et al. (2013), Bianucci et al. (2013), Ramassamy (2016) and Marx et al. (2016); to Ziphiidae by Gill (1872), Trouessart (1898), Abel (1905), Abel (1919), Kellogg (1928), Simpson (1945), Mead (1975), Pilleri (1985), Pilleri (1987), Carroll (1988), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Lambert (2005), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Uhen et al. (2008) and Berta (2017); and to Messapicetiformes by Bianucci et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Delphinidae by Bronn (1853); to Physeteridae by Cope (1890) and Newton (1891); to Xiphii by Winge (1921); to Ziphiini by Muizon (1990) and Bianucci et al. (1994); to Hyperoodontidae by Scott (1873) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Cetacea by Pictet (1853) and Sepkoski (2002); to Ziphiinae by Lydekker (1887), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904), Zittel (1925), Hay (1930), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Bianucci et al. (2007), Lambert et al. (2009), Bianucci et al. (2010), Lambert et al. (2013), Bianucci et al. (2013), Ramassamy (2016) and Marx et al. (2016); to Ziphiidae by Gill (1872), Trouessart (1898), Abel (1905), Abel (1919), Kellogg (1928), Simpson (1945), Mead (1975), Pilleri (1985), Pilleri (1987), Carroll (1988), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Lambert (2005), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Uhen et al. (2008) and Berta (2017); and to Messapicetiformes by Bianucci et al. (2024).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1851 | Choneziphius Duvernoy p. 61 |
| 1853 | Chonoziphius Bronn p. 758 |
| 1853 | Choneziphius Pictet p. 385 |
| 1872 | Choneziphius Gill p. 96 |
| 1873 | Choneziphius Scott p. 107 |
| 1876 | Protoziphius Leidy p. 87 |
| 1887 | Choneziphius Lydekker p. 64 |
| 1890 | Choneziphius Cope p. 607 |
| 1891 | Choneziphius Newton p. 69 |
| 1898 | Choneziphius Trouessart p. 1059 |
| 1902 | Choneziphius Hay p. 596 |
| 1902 | Proroziphius Hay p. 597 |
| 1904 | Proroziphius Palmer p. 575 |
| 1904 | Choneziphius Trouessart p. 775 |
| 1905 | Choneziphius Abel p. 106 |
| 1919 | Choneziphius Abel p. 772 |
| 1921 | Chonoxiphius Winge p. 44 |
| 1925 | Choneziphius Zittel p. 86 |
| 1928 | Choneziphius Kellogg p. 33 figs. Table 1 |
| 1928 | Proroziphius Kellogg p. 33 figs. Table 1 |
| 1930 | Choneziphius Hay p. 583 |
| 1930 | Proroziphius Hay p. 583 |
| 1945 | Choneziphius Simpson p. 101 |
| 1945 | Proroziphius Simpson p. 101 |
| 1975 | Choneziphius Mead p. 750 figs. Table 1 |
| 1975 | Proroziphius Mead p. 750 figs. Table 1 |
| 1985 | Choneziphius Pilleri p. 30 |
| 1987 | Choneziphius Pilleri p. 53 |
| 1988 | Choneziphius Carroll |
| 1988 | Protoziphius Carroll |
| 1990 | Choneziphius Muizon p. 296 |
| 1994 | Choneziphius Bianucci et al. p. 238 |
| 1997 | Choneziphius McKenna and Bell p. 381 |
| 1997 | Proroziphius McKenna and Bell p. 382 |
| 2001 | Choneziphius Fordyce and de Muizon p. 179 |
| 2002 | Choneziphius Sepkoski |
| 2002 | Proroziphius Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Choneziphius Geisler and Sanders p. 29 |
| 2005 | Choneziphius Lambert p. 465 |
| 2007 | Choneziphius Bianucci et al. p. 570 |
| 2008 | Choneziphius Uhen et al. p. 578 |
| 2008 | Proroziphius Uhen et al. p. 580 |
| 2008 | Choneziphius Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 194 |
| 2009 | Choneziphius Lambert et al. p. 919 figs. Fig. 10 |
| 2010 | Choneziphius Bianucci et al. p. 1093 figs. Figure 14 |
| 2013 | Choneziphius Bianucci et al. p. 110 |
| 2013 | Choneziphius Lambert et al. p. 588 figs. FIgure 14 |
| 2016 | Choneziphius Marx et al. p. 130 |
| 2016 | Choneziphius Ramassamy p. 398 figs. Figure 17 |
| 2017 | Choneziphius Berta p. 162 |
| 2024 | Choneziphius Bianucci et al. p. 32 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Choneziphius Duvernoy 1851
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†Choneziphius chonops Leidy 1876
†Choneziphius leidyi Bianucci et al. 2013
†Choneziphius liops Leidy 1876
†Choneziphius macrops Leidy 1876
†Choneziphius planirostris Cuvier 1824
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Invalid names: Choneziphius packardi Lankester 1870 [synonym], Ziphius cuvieri Owen 1870 [synonym], Ziphius planus Owen 1870 [synonym]
†Choneziphius trachops Leidy 1876
Invalid names: Proroziphius Leidy 1876 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| M. D. Uhen et al. 2008 | It is primarily characterized by two cavities in the shape of funnels dug in the incisive bones, at the base of the rostrum and immediately in front of the nostrils, the line being much stronger than the left. The intermaxillaires join over the entire length of the rostrum, in top, and do not reveal the vomer (Duvernoy, 1851). | |
| M. D. Uhen et al. 2008 (Proroziphius) | The animal is not only larger than any of those to which the other specimens [from the Ashley phosphate beds] pertained, but with the exception of the Hyperoodon, one of the largest of its kind. The bones of which it is composed are completely co-ossified, so as to leave barely a trace of their original separation, and the specimen is of the usual ivory-like density; supra-vomerine canal is open throughout, but it is exposed only for a few inches at the end; rostrum is long and narrow, with the sides more nearly parallel than in the previously described specimens [Choneziphius, Eboroziphius, and Belemnoziphius]; basal half is prismoid with the upper surface remarkably flat, while the anterior half assumes a more conical form; no crest extends along the middle above as in the two rostra referred to Choneziphius, nor is there any trace visible of a median groove indicating the original separation of the intermaxillaries (Leidy, 1877). | |
| G. Bianucci et al. 2013 | Choneziphius differs from all
other ziphiid genera in the mesorostral groove dorsally closed at the level of the antorbital notches by the joined medial margins of the premaxillary sac fossae, forming a prominent ridge posteriorly shifted to the left, and separating deeply concave anterior portions of the premaxillary sac fossae. It also differs from the other ziphiine genera in the maxilla covered at the rostrum base with prominent excrescencies. Moreover it differs from Ziphius and Izikoziphius in the medial fusion of the premaxillae dorsally closing the mesorostral groove; from Globicetus n. gen., Imocetus n. gen., and Tusciziphius in lacking an extremely ossified trapezoidal vertex with the anterior part of the nasals contacting the premaxillary crests; from Imocetus n. gen. in lacking a wide facial depression, a rostral maxillary spur-shaped crest, and in the location of the premaxillary foramen (not posterior to the level of the antorbital notch); from Globicetus n. gen. in lacking a large spherical medial premaxillary prominence at the rostrum base; from the possible ziphiine Caviziphius in shallower premaxillary sac fossae and in the more slender and lower right premaxillary crest. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Uhen 2004, Nowak 1991 | |||||
Age range: base of the Serravallian to the top of the Gelasian or 13.82000 to 1.80600 Ma
Collections (16 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miocene | USA (South Carolina) | Proroziphius macrops (18506) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | Netherlands | C. planirostris (53929) | |
| Middle Miocene | Belgium (Temse) | C. planirostris (67025) | |
| Middle Miocene | Belgium (Antwerpen) | C. planirostris (67015) | |
| Serravallian - Tortonian | Belgium (Antwerpen) | Ziphius planirostris (232082) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Netherlands | C. planirostris (53889) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | North Atlantic | C. planirostris (208996) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Late/Upper Pliocene | Belgium (Antwerpen) | Ziphius cuvieri (47465) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Spain | C. leidyi (141838) | |
| Zanclean | Netherlands (Noord-Brabant) | C. sp. (89447) | |
| Zanclean | USA (South Carolina) | C. trachops, C. liops (123227) Proroziphius chonops (123226) | |
| Pliocene | France (Rodano) | Ziphius planirostris (54102) | |
| Pliocene | Belgium (Oost-Vlaanderen) | C. planirostris (57138) | |
| Piacenzian | United Kingdom (England) | Ziphius planus (85153) | |
| Gelasian | United Kingdom (England) | C. planirostris, C. planus, C. packardi (48093) |