PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Dicerorhinus

Osteichthyes - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae

Taxonomy

Dicerorhinus was named by Gloger (1841). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Didermocerus by Antunes and Mein (1977).

It was assigned to Dicerorhinini by Loose (1975); to Rhinocerotidae by Carroll (1988); to Dicerorhinina by Prothero and Schoch (1989), Cerdeno (1992); to Dicerorhininae by Xu (1986), Tong (2001); to Rhinocerotina by Antoine et al. (2010); and to Rhinocerotini by Deng et al. (2011).

Species

D. cixianensis, D. sumatrensis, Didermocerus sansaniensis

Species lacking formal opinion data

D. abeli, D. elatus, D. etruscus, D. etruscus, D. germanicus, D. hispanicus, D. leakeyi, D. leakeyi, D. leptorhinus, D. merckii, D. merki, D. miquelcrusafonti, D. orientalis, D. primaevus, D. ringstromi, D. sansaniensis, D. sansaniensis, D. scleiermacheri, D. shabazi, D. stenheimensis, D. tagicus

Synonyms

Didermocerus was named by Brookes (1828). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Dicerorhinus by Prothero and Schoch (1989).

It was assigned to Rhinocerotidae by Carroll (1988).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1828	Didermocerus Brookes
1841	Dicerorhinus Gloger
1975	Dicerorhinus Loose
1986	Dicerorhinus Xu
1988	Dicerorhinus Carroll
1988	Didermocerus Carroll
1989	Dicerorhinus Prothero and Schoch p. 536
1992	Dicerorhinus Cerdeno
2001	Dicerorhinus Tong
2010	Dicerorhinus Antoine et al.
2011	Dicerorhinus Deng et al. p. 1287

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes

Rank	Name	Author
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
—	Tapiromorpha	(Haeckel 1873)
—	Ceratomorpha	(Wood 1937)
superfamily	Rhinocerotoidea
family	Rhinocerotidae
subfamily	Rhinocerotinae
tribe	Rhinocerotini
genus	Dicerorhinus	Gloger 1841

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Dicerorhinus Gloger 1841

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†Dicerorhinus cixianensis Chen and Wu 1976

Dicerorhinus sumatrensis Fischer 1814 [Sumatran rhino]

Invalid names: Didermocerus Brookes 1828 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingg

Diet:

browserg

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Comments:

life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999g

Created:

2005-08-31 15:09:36

Modified:

2005-08-31 22:09:36

Source: g = genus, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Nowak 1999, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1991

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aquitanian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 23.04000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 20.45 Ma

Collections (70 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene	27.3 - 15.98	Kazakhstan	D. tagicus (74901)
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	Spain (Navarre)	D. tagicus (39019)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Uganda	D. leakeyi (21723)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Kenya	D. sp. (70808)
Miocene	23.04 - 5.333	Austria	D. sp. (63085)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Saudi Arabia	D. sp. (47097)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Uganda	D. leakeyi (28441) D. sp. (192070)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Spain (Valencia)	D. hispanicus (40031)
MN 3	20.0 - 16.9	Pakistan (Balochistan)	D. shabazi, D. abeli (77779)
MN 4	16.9 - 15.98	Pakistan (Balochistan)	D. shabazi, D. abeli (69540)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	Kenya	D. sp. (22069)
Langhian - Serravallian	15.98 - 11.63	France (Midi-Pyrenees)	D. sansaniensis (32191)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Saudi Arabia	D. primaevus (41818)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Pakistan (Punjab)	Didermocerus abeli, Didermocerus sumatrensis (13472)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Austria (Carinthia)	D. germanicus (34606)
MN 6	13.82 - 12.75	Slovakia (Bratislava)	D. stenheimensis (69711)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	Ukraine (Cherson)	D. sp. (60256)
MN 6 - MN 7 + 8	13.82 - 11.1	Slovakia	D. stenheimensis (69712)
Serravallian - Tortonian	13.82 - 7.246	Ethiopia	D. leakeyi (22157)
Sarmatian	12.8 - 11.63	Ukraine	D. sp. (183535)
Vallesian	11.63 - 8.725	Spain (Catalonia)	D. sp. (38977)
Vallesian	11.63 - 8.725	China (shaanxi)	D. orientalis, Brachypotherium sp. (42254)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Ukraine (Odessa)	D. orientalis (75794)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Georgia	D. orientalis (73901)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Moldova	D. orientalis (75802)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.63 - 5.333	China (Hebei)	D. sp., D. cixianensis (38674)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.63 - 5.333	Algeria (Oran)	D. primaevus (136913)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.63 - 5.333	Algeria	D. primaevus (34643)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.63 - 5.333	China	D. orientalis (195286)
Turolian	8.725 - 5.09	Greece (Euboea)	D. orientalis (202213)
Turolian	8.725 - 5.09	Greece (Samos)	D. sp. (202217)
Turolian	8.725 - 5.09	Greece (Chalkidona)	D. orientalis (195489)
Turolian	8.725 - 5.09	Greece (Macedonia)	D. orientalis (32374)
Turolian	8.725 - 5.09	Afghanistan	D. sp. (75492)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Bulgaria	D. scleiermacheri (215636)
MN 13 - MN 14	6.965 - 4.16	Moldova	D. sp. (50902 50904 50905)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	Uzbekistan	D. sp. (34443)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	Russian Federation (Stavropol'skaya)	D. orientalis (76537)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	Kazakhstan	D. sp. (34437)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	Kyrgyzstan	D. sp. (34439)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	Tajikistan	D. sp. (34444)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	Romania	D. elatus (40123) D. jeanvireti (40130) D. leptorhinus (40113 40114)
Pliocene - Pleistocene	5.333 - 0.0117	Tajikistan (Zulfi)	D. sp. (34434)
Ruscinian	5.09 - 3.55	Spain (Soria)	D. miquelcrusafonti (40548)
Ruscinian - Villafranchian	5.09 - 1.8	Italy (Tuscany)	D. sp. (49353)
MN 15	4.16 - 3.55	Moldova	D. sp. (50916 50940)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.58	Romania	Rhinoceros sp. (39846)
Villafranchian	3.55 - 1.8	Hungary (Borsodabaujzemplen)	D. sp. (35358)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	China (Anhui)	D. sp. (68380)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	Kazakhstan	D. sp. (34446)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	Germany (Thüringen)	D. sp. (45070)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	Türkiye	D. sp. (39321)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	Morocco	D. sp. (28429)
Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.0117	China (Liaoyang)	D. merki (34667)
Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.0117	Italy	D. sp. (96763)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	Turkmenistan	D. sp. (40695)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	France (Languedoc-Roussillon)	D. sp. (47832)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	Germany (Bayern)	D. sp. (36220)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz)	D. sp. (50049)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	Malaysia (Perak)	Dicerorhinus indet. (235742)
Middle Pleistocene - Quaternary	0.774 - 0.0	Israel	D. merckii (13490)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Greece (Thessaloniki)	D. sp. (204745)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Malaysia (Selangor)	D. sumatrensis (235743)