PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Periphragnis

Mammalia - Notoungulata

Taxonomy

Periphragnis was named by Roth (1899). Its type is Periphragnis harmeri.

It was assigned to Mammalia by Roth (1899); to Isotemnidae by Simpson (1967) and Carroll (1988); and to Toxodonta by Bradham et al. (2015).

Species

P. circunflexus, P. exauctus, P. harmeri (syn. Asmodeus armatus, Tehuelia regia, Lemudeus angustidens, Thomashuxleya rankei, Calodontotherium varietatum, Eurystephanodon cattanii) (type species), P. palmeri (syn. P. cristatus), P. vicentei

Synonyms

Proasmodeus was named by Ameghino (1902).

It was synonymized subjectively with Periphragnis by Simpson (1967).

It was assigned to Homalodontotheriidae by Ameghino (1902).
Tehuelia was named by Roth (1902). Its type is Tehuelia regia.

It was synonymized subjectively with Periphragnis by Simpson (1967).
Lemudeus was named by Roth (1903).

It was synonymized subjectively with Periphragnis by Simpson (1967).

It was assigned to Notoungulata by Roth (1904).
Coelodontotherium was named by Roth (1903).

It was synonymized subjectively with Periphragnis by Simpson (1967).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1899	Periphragnis Roth p. 387
1902	Proasmodeus Ameghino p. 23
1902	Tehuelia Roth p. 253
1903	Lemudeus Roth p. 144
1903	Coelodontotherium Roth p. 148
1904	Lemudeus Roth
1967	Periphragnis Simpson
1988	Periphragnis Carroll
2015	Periphragnis Bradham et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida

Rank	Name	Author
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Afrotheria	Stanhope et al. 1998
—	Paenungulatomorpha
—	Paenungulata	Simpson 1945
—	Sudamericungulata
order	Notoungulata
suborder	Toxodontia	Ameghino 1887
genus	Periphragnis

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Periphragnis Roth 1899

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†Periphragnis circunflexus Ameghino 1901

†Periphragnis exauctus Ameghino 1902

†Periphragnis harmeri Roth 1899

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Invalid names: Asmodeus armatus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Calodontotherium varietatum Roth 1904 [synonym], Eurystephanodon cattanii Roth 1904 [synonym], Lemudeus angustidens Roth 1904 [synonym], Tehuelia regia Roth 1902 [synonym], Thomashuxleya rankei Roth 1902 [synonym]

†Periphragnis palmeri Roth 1904

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Invalid names: Periphragnis cristatus Roth 1904 [synonym]

†Periphragnis vicentei Bradham et al. 2015

Invalid names: Coelodontotherium Roth 1903 [synonym], Lemudeus Roth 1903 [synonym], Proasmodeus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Tehuelia Roth 1902 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

scansorialsubc

Diet:

herbivoreo

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2009-01-05 17:11:49

Modified:

2009-01-05 19:11:49

Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, MacFadden et al. 1996, Ji et al. 2002

Age range: base of the Mustersan to the top of the Early/Lower Oligocene or 48.00000 to 28.40000 Ma

Collections (13 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Mustersan	48.0 - 42.0	Argentina (Chubut)	Asmodeus armatus, Proasmodeus exauctus (176286) P. exauctus (175761 176179) P. harmeri (176289) P. harmeri, Eurystephanodon cattanii (176317) P. harmeri, Tehuelia regia, Thomashuxleya rankei, Lemudeus angustidens, P. cristatus, Calodontotherium varietatum, Calodontotherium palmeri (176290) P. sp. (23371) P. sp., P. circunflexus (176287)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	Argentina (Chubut)	P. exauctus (176189) P. sp. (49900)
Bartonian - Priabonian	41.3 - 33.9	Argentina (Río Negro)	P. circunflexus (225623) P. sp., P. palmeri (225621)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	Chile	P. sp., P. vicentei (38072)