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Borealis borealis

Rhynchonellata - Pentamerida - Virgianidae

Taxonomy
Gypidula borealis was named by Eichwald (1842).

It was recombined as Pentamerus borealis by Schmidt (1858); it was recombined as Borealis borealis by Boucot et al. (1971).

Subspecies
B. schmidti

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1842Gypidula borealis Eichwald p. 74 figs. 1: 14
1842Gypidula borealis d'Eichwald p. 74 figs. 1: 14
1858Pentamerus borealis Schmidt p. 213
1971Borealis borealis Boucot et al. p. 274

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
RankNameAuthor
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderPentameridaSchuchert and Cooper 1931
suborderPentameridinaSchuchert and Cooper 1931
superfamilyPentameroideaMcCoy 1844
familyVirgianidaeBoucot and Amsden 1963
subfamilyVirgianinaeBoucot and Amsden 1963
genusBorealisBoucot et al. 1971
speciesborealis(Eichwald 1842)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Borealis borealis Eichwald 1842
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 10 to < 100g
Adult width: 10 to < 100g
Adult height: 10 to < 100g
Folds: noneg
Ribbing: noneg
Spines: noneg
Internal reinforcement: noneg
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-06-04 12:34:05
Modified: 2009-06-04 14:34:05
Source: g = genus, o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Hendy 2009, Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Raikkula to the top of the Telychian or 440.80000 to 433.40000 Ma

Collections (45 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Juuru443.4 - 439.0Estonia (Jõgeva) Pentamerus borealis (197468 206933)
Juuru443.4 - 439.0Estonia (Hiiu) Borealis borealis (193616 195418) Pentamerus borealis (206927)
Juuru443.4 - 439.0Estonia (Hiuu) Borealis borealis (193095) Pentamerus borealis (206936)
Juuru443.4 - 439.0Estonia (Viljandi) Pentamerus borealis (193804)
Juuru443.4 - 439.0Estonia Borealis borealis (77386 195424 195425 195593) Pentamerus borealis (174165 174167 174171 193724 206883 206923 206934 206938 206939)
Juuru443.4 - 439.0Estonia (Järva) Borealis borealis (193099) Pentamerus borealis (174979)
Juuru443.4 - 439.0Estonia (Lääne) Borealis borealis (195633 195634) Pentamerus borealis (174969 193727 193730)
Juuru443.4 - 439.0Estonia (Rapla) Pentamerus borealis (175044 206884)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.4 - 438.5Russian Federation (Siberia) Borealis borealis (206542 206543 206560)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4Russian Federation (Yakutiya) Borealis borealis (79506 79507 79509 79510 79511 79512)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4Russian Federation (Siberia) Pentamerus borealis (206319)
Raikkula440.8 - 438.8Estonia (Pärnu) Borealis borealis (193123)
Raikkula440.8 - 438.8Estonia (Lääne - Viru) Pentamerus borealis (206964)
Raikkula440.8 - 438.8Estonia (Lääne) Pentamerus borealis (193772)
Aeronian440.8 - 438.5Norway Borealis borealis (14267)
Telychian438.5 - 433.4Russian Federation (Siberia) Borealis borealis (206347)