PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Ursus kokeni

Osteichthyes - Carnivora - Ursidae

Taxonomy

Ursus kokeni was named by Matthew and Granger (1923). Its type specimen is AMNH 18384, a mandible (left dentary with m1-2), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Yen-ching-kao, which is in a Pleistocene/Pleistocene terrestrial horizon in China.

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

U. bibersoni, U. denigeri, U. ehrenbergi, U. footei, U. gombaszoegensis, U. horribilis, U. ingressus, U. labiatus, U. mediterraneus, U. microdontus, U. namadicus, U. ruscinensis, U. sackdillingensis, U. spelaearctos, U. spelaeous, U. thibetamus, U. thibetanus, U. wenzensis, U. dolinensis

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1923	Ursus kokeni Matthew and Granger p. 580 fig. 11

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria

Rank	Name	Author
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Ferae	()
—	Pancarnivora
—	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
—	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora
suborder	Caniformia	Kretzoi 1943
infraorder	Canoidea	(Simpson 1931)
superfamily	Arctoidea	Flower 1869
—	Ursida
superfamily	Ursoidea	Fischer de Waldheim 1817
family	Ursidae	Gray 1825
subfamily	Ursinae	Swainson 1835
tribe	Ursini
genus	Ursus
species	kokeni

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Ursus kokeni Matthew and Granger 1923

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Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

herbivoref

Diet 2:

carnivoref

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-06-08 10:11:10

Modified:

2005-08-22 19:31:30

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Ji et al. 2002, Nowak 1991, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Early/Lower Pleistocene to the top of the Middle Pleistocene or 2.58000 to 0.12900 Ma

Collections: one only

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.129	China (Sichuan)	Ursus kokeni (type locality: 226365)