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Hormogoneae

Hormogoneae

Taxonomy
Hormogoneae was named by Thuret (1875). It is extant.

It was assigned to Cyanophyta by Hofmann (1976); and to Cyanobacteria by Sergeev et al. (1995).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1875Hormogoneae Thuret
1976Hormogoneae Hofmann p. 1054
1995Hormogoneae Sergeev et al. p. 28

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RankNameAuthor
—Life
—Prokaryota
—Bacteria
RankNameAuthor
phylumCyanobacteriaStanier 1973
classHormogoneaeThuret 1875
classHormogoneaeThuret 1875

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. Hormogoneae Thuret 1875
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Or. Nostocales Borzì 1914
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G. †Anabaenidium Schopf 1968
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†Anabaenidium johnsonii Schopf 1968
G. †Archaeoellipsoides Horodyski and Donaldson 1980
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†Archaeoellipsoides bactroformis Sergeev et al. 1995
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Invalid names: Curviphycus disarticulans Yakschin 1991 [synonym]
†Archaeoellipsoides costatus Sergeev et al. 1995
†Archaeoellipsoides elongatus Golovenok and Belova 1984
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Invalid names: Bactrophycus oblongum Zhang 1985 [synonym]
†Archaeoellipsoides grandis Horodyski and Donaldson 1980
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Invalid names: Eosynechococcus giganteus Golovenok and Belova 1984 [synonym]
†Archaeoellipsoides major Golovenok and Belova 1984
†Archaeoellipsoides minor Sergeev et al. 1995
Invalid names: Bactrophycus Zhang 1985 [synonym], Curviphycus Yakschin 1991 [synonym]
G. †Beckspringia Licari 1978
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†Beckspringia communis Licari 1978
G. †Eosphaeronostoc Sergeev 1992
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G. †Aldanella Kolosov 1966
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†Aldanella monstrata Kolosov 1966
G. †Azyrtalia Vologdin and Drosdova 1969
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†Azyrtalia zonulata Vologdin and Drosdova 1969
G. †Caudiculophycus Schopf 1968
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†Caudiculophycus acuminatus Schopf and Blacic 1971
G. †Celyphus Batten 1973
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†Celyphus rallus Batten 1973
G. Gloeotrichia Agardh
G. †Panomniella Kolosov 1966
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†Panomniella ornata Kolosov 1966
G. †Primorivularia Edhorn 1973
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†Primorivularia robusta Mandal and Maithy 1984
G. †Rivularia Agardh 1886
G. †Spongiostroma Guerich 1906
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†Spongiostroma maeandrinum Guerich 1906
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G. †Circumvaginalis Sergeev 1993
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†Circumvaginalis elongatus Sergeev 1993
G. †Encrusta Daley 1974
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†Encrusta psalliota Daley 1974
G. †Epivalvia Daley 1974
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†Epivalvia edwardsii Daley 1974
G. Scytonema Agardh 1886
G. †Orculiphycus Yakschin 1991
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†Orculiphycus latus Yakschin 1991
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Fm. †Girvanellaceae Luchinina 1975
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G. †Girvanella Nicholson and Etheridge 1878
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†Girvanella mexicana Cooper et al. 1952
†Girvanella problematica Nicholson and Etheridge 1878
†Girvanella richmondensis Miller 1882
G. †Koivaella Chuvashov 1974
G. †Mitcheldeania Wethered 1886 [calcimicrobe]
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†Mitcheldeania nicholsoni Wethered 1886
G. †Ramovsia
Fm. Oscillatoriaceae Gray 1821
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G. †Allantomorphus Wang et al. 1983
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†Allantomorphus septatus Wang et al. 1983
G. †Archaeonema Schopf 1968
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G. †Calyptothrix Schopf 1968
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†Calyptothrix annulata Schopf 1968
G. †Cephalophytarion Schopf 1968
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†Cephalophytarion constrictum Schopf and Blacic 1971
†Cephalophytarion delicatulum Schopf and Blacic 1971
†Cephalophytarion grande Schopf 1968
†Cephalophytarion laticellulosum Schopf and Blacic 1971
†Cephalophytarion minutum Schopf 1968
†Cephalophytarion variabile Schopf and Blacic 1971
G. †Circulinema Wang et al. 1983
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†Circulinema jinningense Wang et al. 1983
†Circulinema muirae Wang et al. 1983
G. †Contortothrix Schopf 1968
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G. †Cyanonema Schopf 1968
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†Cyanonema attenuatum Schopf 1968
†Cyanonema inflatum Oehler 1977
†Cyanonema ligamen Zhang 1981
†Cyanonema minor Oehler 1977
G. †Eomicrocoleus Horodyski and Donaldson 1980
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†Eomicrocoleus crassus Horodyski and Donaldson 1980
G. †Eomycetopsis Schopf 1968
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†Eomycetopsis cylindrica Maithy 1975
†Eomycetopsis pflugii Maithy and Shukla 1977
†Eomycetopsis psilata Maithy and Shukla 1977
†Eomycetopsis reticulata Maithy and Shukla 1977
†Eomycetopsis rugosa Maithy 1975
†Eomycetopsis septata Maithy 1975
G. †Filiconstrictosus Schopf and Blacic 1971
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†Filiconstrictosus cephalon Sergeev et al. 1995
†Filiconstrictosus diminutus Schopf and Blacic 1971
†Filiconstrictosus magnus Yakschin 1991
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Invalid names: Orculiphycus magnus Yakschin 1991 [synonym]
†Filiconstrictosus majusculus Schopf and Blacic 1971
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Invalid names: Orculiphycus agnastus Yakschin 1991 [synonym]
G. †Halythrix Schopf 1968
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†Halythrix nodosa Schopf 1968
G. †Heliconema Schopf 1968
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†Heliconema australiensis Schopf 1968
†Heliconema bulbosa Allison 1989
†Heliconema funiculum Schopf and Blacic 1971
G. †Obconicophycus Schopf and Blacic 1971
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†Obconicophycus amadeus Schopf and Blacic 1971
G. †Obruchevella Reitlinger 1948
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†Obruchevella magna Golovenok and Belova 1989
†Obruchevella parva Reitlinger 1959
G. †Oscillatoriopsis Schopf 1968
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†Oscillatoriopsis awramikii Wang et al. 1983
†Oscillatoriopsis breviconvexa Schopf and Blacic 1971
†Oscillatoriopsis cuboides Knoll et al. 1988
†Oscillatoriopsis curta Horodyski and Donaldson 1980
†Oscillatoriopsis majuscula Knoll et al. 1988
†Oscillatoriopsis obtusa Schopf 1968
†Oscillatoriopsis psilata Maithy and Shukla 1977
†Oscillatoriopsis robusta Horodyski and Donaldson 1980
G. †Palaeolyngbya Schopf 1968
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†Palaeolyngbya baraudensis Mandal and Maithy 1984
†Palaeolyngbya distinctica Mandal and Maithy 1984
†Palaeolyngbya elongata Mandal and Maithy 1984
†Palaeolyngbya maxima Zhang 1981
†Palaeolyngbya minor Schopf and Blacic 1971
†Palaeolyngbya oehlerii Wang et al. 1983
†Palaeolyngbya spiralis Wang et al. 1983
G. †Palaeoscytonema Maithy and Shukla 1977
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†Palaeoscytonema indica Mandal and Maithy 1984
†Palaeoscytonema intermingla Mandal and Maithy 1984
†Palaeoscytonema misrae Mandal and Maithy 1984
†Palaeoscytonema srivastavae Maithy and Shukla 1977
G. †Palaeotubulus Wang et al. 1983
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†Palaeotubulus lamellosus Wang et al. 1983
G. †Partitiofilum Schopf and Blacic 1971
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†Partitiofilum gongyloides Schopf and Blacic 1971
†Partitiofilum yakschinii Sergeev et al. 1995
G. †Tenuofilum Schopf 1968
G. †Siphonophycus Schopf 1968
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†Siphonophycus antiquus Schopf 1983
†Siphonophycus capitaneum Nyberg and Schopf 1984
†Siphonophycus kestron Schopf 1968
†Siphonophycus punctatum Maithy 1975
†Siphonophycus robustum Schopf 1968
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Invalid names: Eomycetopsis filiformis Schopf 1968 [synonym]
†Siphonophycus septatum Schopf 1968
†Siphonophycus solidum Golub 1979
†Siphonophycus transvaalensis Beukes et al. 1987
†Siphonophycus typicum Hermann 1974
G. †Veteronostocale Schopf and Blacic 1971
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†Veteronostocale amoenum Schopf and Blacic 1971
†Veteronostocale medium Sergeev et al. 1995
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Environment: hypersaline, marine, brackish, freshwaterp
Locomotion: stationaryp
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2007-12-04 09:01:31
Modified: 2007-12-04 11:01:31
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Vachard and Aretz 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Paleoarchean to the top of the Messinian or 3600.00000 to 5.33300 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3200.0 Ma

Collections (606 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Paleoarchean3600.0 - 3200.0Australia (Western Australia) Siphonophycus antiquus (227837)
Neoarchean2800.0 - 2500.0South Africa Eomycetopsis filiformis, Siphonophycus transvaalensis (227540) Siphonophycus transvaalensis (227539 227541)
Orosirian2050.0 - 1800.0Australia (Western Australia) Siphonophycus spp., Oscillatoriopsis cuboides, Oscillatoriopsis majuscula (227622)
Orosirian2050.0 - 1800.0Gabon Archaeoellipsoides elongatus, Archaeoellipsoides dolichos (227624)
Orosirian2050.0 - 1800.0Canada (Nunavut) Eomycetopsis filiformis (227441 227442 227450) Eomycetopsis spp. (227732 227734) Halythrix sp. (227443) Siphonophycus spp., Eomycetopsis spp., Archaeonema sp. (227736)
Statherian1800.0 - 1600.0India (Rajasthan) Oscillatoriopsis obtusa, Palaeolyngbya distinctica, Palaeolyngbya elongata, Palaeolyngbya baraudensis, Palaeoscytonema indica, Palaeoscytonema intermingla, Palaeoscytonema misrae, Primorivularia robusta (227965)
Statherian1800.0 - 1600.0Canada (Nunavut) Siphonophycus sp. (227620)
Statherian1800.0 - 1600.0India (Madhya Pradesh) Oscillatoriopsis psilata, Palaeoscytonema srivastavae, Eomycetopsis psilata, Eomycetopsis pflugii, Eomycetopsis reticulata (227768)
Statherian1800.0 - 1600.0Australia (Northern Territory) Cyanonema inflatum (227582) Cyanonema minor (227592) Gunflintia septata (227572 227574 227593) Oscillatoriopsis obtusa, Siphonophycus septatum (232734) Oscillatoriopsis schopfii (227577) Siphonophycus kestron (232742) Siphonophycus kestron, Siphonophycus robustum, Siphonophycus typicum (232735 232737) Siphonophycus kestron, Siphonophycus typicum (232743) Siphonophycus punctatum, Siphonophycus septatum, Siphonophycus solidum, Siphonophycus typicum (232740) Siphonophycus typicum (232738 232741)
Calymmian1600.0 - 1400.0Australia (Northern Territory) Siphonophycus sp., Eomycetopsis sp., Palaeolyngbya sp. (227559)
Calymmian1600.0 - 1400.0USA (Montana) Siphonophycus sp. (227968) Siphonophycus sp., Oscillatoriopsis longa (227973)
Calymmian1600.0 - 1400.0China (Tianjin) Oscillatoriopsis acuminata, Oscillatoriopsis hemisphaerica, Oscillatoriopsis disciformis, Oscillatoriopsis glabra, Oscillatoriopsis tuberculata, Anabaenidium sophoroides (228437)
Calymmian1600.0 - 1400.0China (Hebei) Eomycetopsis filiformis (227616) Halythrix sp., Palaeolyngbya barghoorniana, Cephalophytarion taenia, Cyanonema ligamen, Palaeolyngbya maxima (227617) Siphonophycus inornatum (227615)
Calymmian1600.0 - 1400.0Russian Federation Archaeoellipsoides conjunctivus (227523) Archaeoellipsoides elongatus (227508 227512) Archaeoellipsoides major (227501 227503 227507 227509) Archaeoellipsoides minor, Archaeoellipsoides bactroformis (227485) Circumvaginalis elongatus (227481 227482 227484 227486) Filiconstrictosus cephalon, Archaeoellipsoides major (227497) Filiconstrictosus magnus (227505) Filiconstrictosus magnus, Archaeoellipsoides costatus, Archaeoellipsoides major (227515) Filiconstrictosus magnus, Archaeoellipsoides major (227513) Orculiphycus latus (227487 227511) Orculiphycus sp., Archaeoellipsoides grandis (227480) Orculiphycus sp., Archaeoellipsoides grandis, Archaeoellipsoides major (227516) Oscillatoriopsis sp. (227499) Oscillatoriopsis sp., Orculiphycus sp., Orculiphycus latus (227519) Oscillatoriopsis sp., Oscillatoriopsis majesticum, Archaeoellipsoides conjunctivus, Siphonophycus robustum (227517) Palaeolyngbya sp., Siphonophycus capitaneum (227522) Partitiofilum yakschinii (227498 227506) Partitiofilum yakschinii, Archaeoellipsoides dolichos, Archaeoellipsoides major (227510) Siphonophycus typicus (227521) Veteronostocale medium (227483 227518) Veteronostocale medium, Archaeoellipsoides minor, Archaeoellipsoides major (227514)
Calymmian1600.0 - 1400.0China (Beijing) Oscillatoriopsis sp., Archaeoellipsoides conjunctivus, Bactrophycus oblongum, Bactrophycus dolichum, Siphonophycus inornatum, Archaeoellipsoides obesus, Cephalophytarion taenia (227625)
Mesoproterozoic - Tonian1600.0 - 850.0Canada (Nunavut) Obruchevella valdaica, Palaeolyngbya catenata, Oscillatoriopsis amadeus, Oscillatoriopsis obtusa, Siphonophycus robustum, Siphonophycus punctatum, Siphonophycus septatum, Siphonophycus solidum, Siphonophycus typicum (221355)
Ectasian1400.0 - 1200.0Russian Federation (Chelyabinsk) Siphonophycus robustum, Eosphaeronostoc kataskinicum (227739)
Ectasian1400.0 - 1200.0Canada (Nunavut) Oscillatoriopsis sp., Filiconstrictosus sp., Archaeoellipsoides grandis, Oscillatoriopsis curta, Oscillatoriopsis robusta, Eomicrocoleus crassus (227526)
Ectasian1400.0 - 1200.0Russian Federation Archaeoellipsoides conjunctivus, Archaeoellipsoides bactroformis, Archaeoellipsoides major (227494) Archaeoellipsoides elongatus (227493) Archaeoellipsoides grandis, Archaeoellipsoides bactroformis (227525) Circumvaginalis elongatus (227491)
Ectasian1400.0 - 1200.0USA (Texas) Siphonophycus sp., Eomycetopsis sp. (227756)