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Equus conversidens
Taxonomy
Equus conversidens was named by Owen (1869) [holotype is IGM 4008?? ]. Its type specimen is IGM 403, a partial skull ( the maxillaries and part of the palate, with right and left P2-M3, of a small young adult horse), and it is a 3D body fossil.
It was synonymized subjectively with Equus tau by Cope (1884) and Miller (1976); it was recombined as Asinus conversidens by Quinn (1957); it was recombined as Equus (Hemionus) conversidens by Skinner (1972); it was synonymized subjectively with Equus alaskae by Harris (1993).
It was synonymized subjectively with Equus tau by Cope (1884) and Miller (1976); it was recombined as Asinus conversidens by Quinn (1957); it was recombined as Equus (Hemionus) conversidens by Skinner (1972); it was synonymized subjectively with Equus alaskae by Harris (1993).
Sister species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1869 | Equus conversidens Owen |
| 1884 | Equus barcenaei Cope p. 15 |
| 1901 | Equus conversidens Gidley p. 118 |
| 1902 | Equus conversidens Hay p. 623 |
| 1924 | Equus barcenaei Hay |
| 1930 | Equus barcenaei Hay |
| 1942 | Equus conversidens Skinner |
| 1955 | Equus conversidens Hibbard |
| 1957 | Asinus conversidens Quinn |
| 1959 | Onager zoyatalis Mooser |
| 1960 | Equus conversidens Hibbard and Taylor |
| 1964 | Equus conversidens Dalquest |
| 1965 | Equus conversidens Dalquest and Hughes |
| 1966 | Equus conversidens Slaughter p. 89 |
| 1970 | Equus conversidens Lundelius and Stevens p. 152 |
| 1972 | Equus (Hemionus) conversidens Skinner p. 125 |
| 1979 | Equus conversidens Dalquest p. 241 |
| 1980 | Equus conversidens Kurten and Anderson p. 291 |
| 1987 | Equus conversidens Carranza-Castaneda and Miller p. 338 |
| 2005 | Equus conversidens Cisneros p. 249 |
| 2007 | Equus conversidens Morgan and Rinehart p. 44 |
| 2014 | Equus conversidens Alberdi et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Equus conversidens Owen 1869
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Invalid names: Equus barcenaei Cope 1884 [synonym], Onager zoyatalis Mooser 1959 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| M. T. Alberdi et al. 2014 | The skull fragment IGM4008 (Holotype; No. 403 old number) is constituted mostly by the rostral portion, with the maxilla and teeth in situ. Each dental series includes three molars and three premolars. The premolars exceed the true molars in size (pl. LXI, fig. 1; Owen, 1869). The upper cheek teeth are middle in size, with elongate flattened protocones, derived features and average complexly plicate enamel similar to E. mexicanus but smaller in size. Lower molars have similar morphology but smaller in size than E. mexicanus teeth. Following Winans (1989), the ratio of length to proximal width is generally less than 5.0 for metacarpals and 6.0 for metatarsals. Metapodials are not stilt-legged. The body mass from MCIII13 is between 215.63 to 282.52 kg and the mean is 249.08 kg. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002 | |||||
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Pliocene to the top of the Rancholabrean or 3.60000 to 0.01200 Ma
Collections (49 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blancan | El Salvador | Equus conversidens (70118) | |
| Blancan | Mexico (Sonora) | Equus conversidens (20322) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Mexico (México) | Equus barcenaei (163820) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Yucatan) | Equus conversidens (230752) | |
| Pleistocene | Canada (Alberta) | Equus conversidens (174511 174512 174513 190079) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Jalisco) | Equus conversidens (20285 192626) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Texas) | Equus conversidens (82995) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Nebraska) | Equus conversidens (20143) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Texas) | Equus conversidens (20163 20306 20530 20533) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Montana) | Equus conversidens (20373) | |
| Irvingtonian | Mexico (Aguascalientes) | Equus conversidens (20283) | |
| Irvingtonian | Canada (Alberta) | Equus conversidens (20529) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (California) | Equus conversidens (20172) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Kansas) | Equus conversidens (20165 20295 20353) | |
| Rancholabrean | Mexico (Tamaulipas) | Equus conversidens (74498) | |
| Rancholabrean | Mexico (Puebla) | Equus conversidens (230717) | |
| Rancholabrean | Mexico (Tlaxcala) | Equus conversidens (226032) | |
| Rancholabrean | Mexico (Chiapas) | Equus conversidens (226041) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | Mexico (San Luis Potosi) | Equus conversidens (71277) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Honduras (Copan) | Equus conversidens (230462) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Texas) | Asinus conversidens (20586) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Honduras | Equus conversidens (230463) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Panama (Herrera) | Equus sp. (71278) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico (Nuevo Leon) | Equus conversidens (71345) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico (Hidalgo) | Equus conversidens (190114 190115 190116) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Equus conversidens (20273) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oregon ) | Equus conversidens (219041) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Guatemala (Guatemala City) | Equus conversidens (71294) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (British Columbia) | Equus sp. (20649) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Wyoming) | Equus conversidens (93277) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Equus conversidens (20635) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (Texas) | Equus conversidens (93103) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Alberta) | Equus conversidens (20576 20615) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Utah) | Equus conversidens (20641) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Colorado) | Equus conversidens (20617) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (New Mexico) | Equus conversidens (76060) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Utah) | Equus conversidens (93326) |