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Equus (Dolichohippus) enormis
Taxonomy
Equus (Dolichohippus) enormis was named by Downs and Miller (1994). Its type specimen is IVCM 32, a partial skeleton (partial cranium and right and left mandibles with postcranial elements including: right distal humer- us, nearly complete right radius-ulna, complete left metac), and it is a 3D body fossil.
Sister species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1994 | Equus (Dolichohippus) enormis Downs and Miller p. 19 figs. 5 - 17 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Equus (Dolichohippus) enormis Downs and Miller 1994
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| T. Downs and G. J. Miller 1994 | About 7 percent longer cranium and mandible than the largest Equus (Dolichohippus), ranging from 616 mm to 660 mm basilar length and 573 mm to 600 mm mandibular length; with greater elongation of the rostrum and palate (rostral index range 0.40 to 0.45, mean 0.43; palatal index 0.21 to 0.24, mean 0.23); orbital position posterior to M3; adult upper incisors and lower third incisor massive; lower third incisor without infundibulum and with a lingual open recessed "V"; ectoflexid in Mn M2, and M3 penetrates isthmus, although with
somewhat less penetration than in E. (D.) simplicidens and E. (D.) grevyi; metastylid in P, and M1 - M2 broad transversely, triangular to rounded anteriorly, with or without lingual indentation; metaconid broad transversely in P3and M2; radius-ulna with a straight midshaft, flattened anterior surface, and fusion of the ulna and radius distal to the foramen separating the two; relatively small metacarpal 3 and phalanges 1 and 3; metatarsals 3 and 4 relatively larger than in other fossil Equus except perhaps E. livenzovensis and E. mosbachensis |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1999, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002 | |||||
Age range: base of the Blancan to the top of the Irvingtonian or 4.90000 to 0.30000 Ma
Collections (5 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blancan | USA (California) | Equus enormis (20122) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (California) | Equus enormis (20126 20130 20161 20294) |