PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Petradyptes

Reptilia

Taxonomy

Petradyptes was named by Ksepka et al. (2023). Its type is Petradyptes stonehousei.

It was assigned to Sphenisciformes by Ksepka et al. (2023).

Species

P. stonehousei (type species)

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
2023	Petradyptes Ksepka et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)

Rank	Name	Author
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
—	Maniraptora
—	Paraves
class	Aves
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
—	Aequornithes
—	Feraequornithes
superorder	Procellariimorphae
—	Sphenisciformes	(Sharpe 1891)
genus	Petradyptes

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Petradyptes Ksepka et al. 2023

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†Petradyptes stonehousei Ksepka et al. 2023

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
D. T. Ksepka et al. 2023	Differs from all other Paleocene penguins in strongly flattened humerus shaft (midshaft width more than twice midshaft depth). Differs from Muriwaimanu, Sequiwaimanu, and Kupoupou in wider fossa formed by impressio m. pectoralis. Differs from Muriwaimanu, Sequiwaimanu, and Crossvallia in more distally extended insertion scar for m. supracoracoideus. Differs from Kaiika in proportionally wider humerus shaft, greater proximodistal length of crista bicipitalis, and more proximodistally elongate scar for m. supracoracoideus. We note that the deep groove on the tuberculum ventrale of Kaiika maxwelli, which was originally considered autapomorphic for that species, is more likely to be an artifact of incomplete preservation of the natural mold used to cast the holotype humerus.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yeso

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2017-04-17 10:40:01

Modified:

2017-04-17 10:40:01

Source: subo = suborder, o = order

References: Marsh 1875, Benton 1983, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range: Late/Upper Paleocene or 59.24000 to 56.00000 Ma

Collections: one only

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Paleocene	59.24 - 56.0	New Zealand (South Island)	P. stonehousei (190583)