PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Halysites

Anthozoa - Heliolitida - Halysitidae

Taxonomy

Halysites was named by von Waldheim (1813).

It was assigned to Halysitidae by Buehler (1955); to Halysitinae by Klaamann (1966), Murray (1985); and to Tabulata by Sepkoski (2002).

Species lacking formal opinion data

H. H. labyrinthica, H. feildeni, H. hamadai, H. louisvillensis, H. meandrinus, H. occidens, H. sandpilensis, H. vulgaris

Synonyms

Catenipora exilis was named by Eichwald (1829).

It was synonymized subjectively with Halysites jacovickii by Buehler (1955).
Catenipora distans was named by Eichwald (1829).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Halysites attenuata was named by Fischer von Waldheim (1828).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Halysites dichotoma was named by Fischer von Waldheim (1828).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Halysites macrostoma was named by Fischer von Waldheim (1828).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Halysites stenostoma was named by Fischer von Waldheim (1828).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Halysites jacovickii was named by Fischer von Waldheim (1828).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Catenipora communicans was named by Eichwald (1829).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Catenipora dissimilis was named by Eichwald (1829).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Catenipora reticulata was named by Eichwald (1829).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Halysites sextocatenatus was named by Owen (1862).

It was considered a nomen oblitum by Buehler (1955).
Halysites parallelus was named by Schmidt (1861).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).
Halysites radiatus was named by Whitfield (1903).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Buehler (1955).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1813	Halysites von Waldheim
1828	Halysites attenuata Fischer von Waldheim pp. 15 - 19
1828	Halysites dichotoma Fischer von Waldheim pp. 15 - 19
1828	Halysites jacovickii Fischer von Waldheim pp. 15 - 19
1828	Halysites macrostoma Fischer von Waldheim pp. 15 - 19
1828	Halysites stenostoma Fischer von Waldheim pp. 15 - 19
1829	Catenipora communicans Eichwald
1829	Catenipora dissimilis Eichwald figs. tab. II, fig. 12
1829	Catenipora distans Eichwald
1829	Catenipora exilis Eichwald
1829	Catenipora reticulata Eichwald figs. tab. II, fig. 11
1861	Halysites parallelus Schmidt p. 229
1862	Halysites sextocatenatus Owen p. xvi
1871	Halysites jacovickii Fischer-Benzon p. 22 figs. taf. 3, figs. 8
1903	Halysites radiatus Whitfield p. 490 figs. pi. 42, figs. 1, 2
1955	Halysites Buehler p. 21
1966	Halysites Klaamann
1985	Halysites Murray
2002	Halysites Sepkoski

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
phylum	Cnidaria	Hatschek 1888
class	Anthozoa	Ehrenberg 1834
subclass	Tabulata	Milne-Edwards and Haime 1850
order	Heliolitida	Frech 1897

Rank	Name	Author
suborder	Halysitina	Sokolov 1947
family	Halysitidae	Milne-Edwards and Haime 1849
subfamily	Halysitinae	Milne-Edwards and Haime 1849
genus	Halysites	von Waldheim 1813

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Halysites von Waldheim 1813

show all | hide all

†Halysites agglomerata Hall 1843

†Halysites amplitubata Lambe 1899

†Halysites approximata Eichwald 1829

†Halysites australis Etheridge 1898

†Halysites brownsportensis Amsden 1949

†Halysites catenularia Linnaeus 1767

†Halysites catenularius Linnaeus 1767

†Halysites catenularius borealis Tcherneychev 1937

†Halysites cavernosa Fischer-Benzon 1871

†Halysites compactus Rominger 1876

†Halysites cratus Etheridge 1904

†Halysites encrustans Buehler 1955

†Halysites gamboolicus Etheridge 1904

†Halysites grandis Sharkova 1981

†Halysites harti Etheridge 1878

†Halysites hupehensis Grabau 1925

†Halysites infundibuliformis Buehler 1955

†Halysites junior Klaamann 1961

†Halysites keyserlingi Toll 1889

†Halysites kuliki Tcherneychev 1938

†Halysites labyrinthica Goldfuss 1826

Invalid names: Halysites michelini Castelnau 1843 [synonym]

†Halysites lata Tcherneychev 1937

†Halysites lithostrotionoides Etheridge 1904

†Halysites magnitubus Buehler 1955

†Halysites meandrina Troost 1840

†Halysites nexus Davis 1885

†Halysites nitida Lambe 1899

†Halysites orthopteroides Etheridge 1904

†Halysites peristephesicus Ethereidge 1904

†Halysites priscus Klaamann 1966

†Halysites pseudoorthopteroides Tcherneychev 1937

†Halysites pycnoblastoides Etheridge 1904

†Halysites regularis Fischer-Benzon 1871

†Halysites senior Klaamann 1961

†Halysites simplex Lambe 1899

†Halysites sussmilchi Etheridge 1904

†Halysites taimyrica Tcherneychev 1937

Invalid names: Catenipora communicans Eichwald 1829 [nomen dubium], Halysites attenuata Fischer von Waldheim 1828 [nomen dubium], Halysites dichotoma Fischer von Waldheim 1828 [nomen dubium], Halysites dissimilis Eichwald 1829 [nomen dubium], Halysites distans Eichwald 1829 [nomen dubium], Halysites jacovickii Fischer von Waldheim 1828 [nomen dubium], Halysites macrostoma Fischer von Waldheim 1828 [nomen dubium], Halysites parallelus Schmidt 1861 [nomen dubium], Halysites radiatus Whitfield 1903 [nomen dubium], Halysites reticulata Eichwald 1829 [nomen dubium], Halysites sextocatenatus Owen 1862 [nomen oblitum], Halysites stenostoma Fischer von Waldheim 1828 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitesubc

Locomotion:

stationarysubc

Attached:

yessubc

Life habit:

epifaunalsubc

Diet:

suspension feedersubc

Diet 2:

photosymbioticsubc

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2004-02-27 16:54:11

Modified:

2004-02-28 16:53:41

Source: subc = subclass, c = class

Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Nabala to the top of the Lochkovian or 450.50000 to 413.02000 Ma

Collections (302 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Middle Ordovician - Late/Upper Ordovician	471.3 - 443.1	Canada (Nunavut)	H. catenularia (24236) H. catenularia, H. catenulatus (24231)
Caradoc	458.2 - 449.5	Canada (Northwest Territories)	H. sp. (188776)
Late/Upper Ordovician	458.2 - 443.1	Canada (Nunavut)	H. catenulatus (24228)
Katian	452.8 - 445.2	Mongolia (Bayanhongor)	H. pracecedens (170535) H. proecedens (79590 79592)
Eastonian - Onnian	452.3 - 449.5	Australia (New South Wales)	H. sp. (2723)
Edenian	451.0 - 450.2	Canada (Nunavut)	H. catenularia (24225) H. catenulatus (24230)
Edenian - Gamachian	451.0 - 443.1	Canada (Quebec)	H. sp. (37794)
Nabala	450.5 - 449.9	Latvia	H. sp. (207218)
Nabala	450.5 - 449.9	Belarus	H. sp. (192886)
Nabala	450.5 - 449.9	Lithuania	H. sp. (207219)
Youngest occurrences
Time interval	Ma	Country or state	PBDB collection number
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	Mongolia	H. bifidus (79644) H. bifidus, Catenipora exilis (79685) H. bifidus, H. hamadai, H. opimus, H. nitida (79642) H. opinus (79645)
Ludlow - Elton	426.7 - 421.3	United Kingdom (Wales)	H. sp. (74760)
Ludlow - Pridoli	426.7 - 419.62	Canada (Quebec)	H. catenularia (45296)
Ludfordian	425.0 - 422.7	Czechia	H. catenularia (14057)
Ludfordian	425.0 - 422.7	USA (Indiana)	H. sp., H. microporus, H. catenularia (6706)
Ludfordian	425.0 - 422.7	Sweden (Gotland)	H. catenularius (13616 13618)
Pridoli	422.7 - 419.62	Canada (Quebec)	H. nitida (228318)
Pridoli	422.7 - 419.62	USA (New York)	H. catenularia (76755)
Pridoli	422.7 - 419.62	USA (Indiana)	H. labyrinthicus (518)
Lochkovian	419.62 - 413.02	Canada (New Brunswick)	H. sp. (593)