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Alcyonacea

Anthozoa - Alcyonacea

Taxonomy
Alcyonacea was named by Lamouroux (1816). It is extant.

It was assigned to Anthozoa by Sepkoski (2002); and to Octocorallia by Veron (2000), McFadden et al. (2021), Goedert et al. (2022).

Subtaxa
Calcaxonia, Isididae, Nephthea, Nephtheidae, Nephtya, Tubipora
Entered
by J. Sepkoski on 2003-01-23; modified by L. van den Hoek Ostende on 2013-04-30

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1816Alcyonacea Lamouroux
2000Alcyonacea Veron p. 406
2002Alcyonacea Sepkoski
2021Alcyonacea McFadden et al. p. 637
2022Alcyonacea Goedert et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
phylumCnidariaHatschek 1888
classAnthozoaEhrenberg 1834
RankNameAuthor
subclassOctocorallia
orderAlcyonaceaLamouroux 1816
orderAlcyonaceaLamouroux 1816

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Alcyonacea Lamouroux 1816
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Subor. †Calcaxonia Grasshoff 1999
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Fm. †Chrysogorgiidae Verrill 1883
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G. †Radicipes Stearns 1883
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†Radicipes pleurocristatus Stearns 1883
Fm. †Isididae Lamouroux 1812
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G. Isis Linnaeus 1758
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†Isis polyacantha Steenstrup 1849
Subfm. †Keratoisidinae Gray 1870
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G. †Isidella Gray 1858
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†Isidella elongata Esper 1788
G. †Lepidisis Verrill 1883
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†Lepidisis caryophyllia Verrill 1883
G. Keratoisis Wright 1869
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†Mopsea costata Milne-Edwards and Haime 1850
†Mopsea tenisoni Chapman 1913
G. Nephthea Audouin 1826
Fm. †Nephtheidae Gray 1862
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G. Dendronephthya Kuekenthal 1905
G. †Nephtya
G. Tubipora Linnaeus 1758
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Tubipora musica Linnaeus 1758
Tubipora rubiola Quoy and Gaimard 1833
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: intermediate-level epifaunalo
Diet: microcarnivoreo
Diet 2: photosymbiotico
Vision: blindc
Comments: ECOSPACE CODE: 261; COMMENTS: Life history data based on Bambach et al. (2007).o
Created: 2009-05-11 22:04:14
Modified: 2009-10-09 15:36:48
Source: o = order, c = class
References: Bambach et al. 2007, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian to the top of the Holocene or 72.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma

Collections (45 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Denmark Isis sp. (67343)
Thanetian59.24 - 56.0New Zealand Isis sp. (51083)
Waipawan56.0 - 52.0New Zealand (Chatham Islands) Isis sp. (51085)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (California) Mopsea costata (207322)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Spain Isis dachiardii (34482 34483)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9Hungary Isis sp. (123840)
Whaingaroan34.6 - 27.3New Zealand Isis dactyla (89070)
Aquitanian23.04 - 20.45New Zealand Keratoisis dactyla (146343 146344 146346)
Otaian21.7 - 18.7New Zealand (Auckland) Keratoisis tangentis (85532)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98Iran (Kerman) Isis danae (87117 87118) Isis sp. (87119)
Altonian18.7 - 15.9New Zealand (Auckland) Keratoisis tangentis (85526)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Indonesia (Java) Tubipora sp., Isis sp. (45341)
Tortonian - Zanclean11.63 - 3.6Australia (Victoria) Mopsea sp. 1, Mopsea tenisoni (166810)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Spain Keratoisis sp. (56687)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Italy (Sicily) Keratoisis peloritana (85005)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Australia (Victoria) Mopsea sp. 1 (166744)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Indonesia Isis polyacantha (109671) Tubipora rubiola (110017)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Indonesia (East Nusa Tenggara) Isis polyacantha (109670)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Indonesia (Java) Isis polyacantha (34722 62862)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Japan Tubipora musica (34877 34878 34879)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774New Zealand (Kermadec Islands) Alcyonacea indet. (85098)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Italy Isis peloritana (71473)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene2.58 - 0.129Japan Tubipora musica (87898 87998)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Italy (Sicily) Keratoisis melitensis (85004)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Saudi Arabia Tubipora sp. (198575)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774New Zealand (Kermadec Islands) Alcyonacea indet. (85087)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Japan (Okinawa) Tubipora musica (62769 62785)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Seychelles Tubipora sp. (80965)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Eritrea Tubipora musica (93827)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117North Atlantic (Mediterranean Sea) Keratoisis sp. (124214)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Australia (New South Wales) Dendronephthya sp. (97408 184899)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Israel Tubipora sp. (97662)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Marshall Islands Tubipora sp. (43334)