PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Pachynolophus

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae

Taxonomy

Pachynolophus was named by Pomel (1847). It is not extant. Its type is Pachynolophus duvali.

It was synonymized subjectively with Propalaeotherium by Cope (1882).

It was assigned to Lophiodontinae by Cope (1881); to Lophiodontidae by Scott (1883); to Pachynolophidae by Prothero and Schoch (1989), Hooker (1994) and Hooker (1996); to Ceratomorpha by Hooker and Dashzeveg (2004); to Palaeotheriidae by Hooker (1986) and Remy (2017); and to Pachynolophinae by Remy et al. (2019).

Species

P. boixedatensis, P. bretovensis, P. cayluxi, P. cesserasicus, P. duvali (type species), P. eulaliensis, P. garimondi, P. gaytei, P. hookeri, P. lavocati, P. livinierensis, P. molipontiensis, P. ruscassierensis, P. zambranensis

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1847	Pachynolophus Pomel
1881	Pachynolophus Cope p. 381
1883	Pachynolophus Scott p. 53
1986	Pachynolophus Hooker p. 342
1989	Pachynolophus Prothero and Schoch p. 531
1994	Pachynolophus Hooker
1996	Pachynolophus Hooker p. 162
2004	Pachynolophus Hooker and Dashzeveg p. 1377
2017	Pachynolophus Remy
2019	Pachynolophus Remy et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
superfamily	Equoidea
family	Palaeotheriidae	Bonaparte 1850
subfamily	Pachynolophinae	Paulow 1877
genus	Pachynolophus	Pomel 1847

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Pachynolophus Pomel 1847

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†Pachynolophus boixedatensis Crusafont Pairo and Remy 1970

†Pachynolophus bretovensis Remy 1988

†Pachynolophus cayluxi Filhol 1888

†Pachynolophus cesserasicus Gervais 1849

†Pachynolophus duvali Pomel 1847

†Pachynolophus eulaliensis Danilo et al. 2013

†Pachynolophus garimondi Remy 1967

†Pachynolophus gaytei Remy 2015

†Pachynolophus hookeri Godinot et al. 1987

†Pachynolophus lavocati Remy 1972

†Pachynolophus livinierensis Savage et al. 1965

†Pachynolophus molipontiensis Checa-Soler 1997

†Pachynolophus ruscassierensis Remy et al. 2019

†Pachynolophus zambranensis Badiola et al. 2005

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Maximum body mass:

10 kgs

Minimum body mass:

10 kgs

Body mass estimate:

10 kg

Environment:

terrestrialf

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

frugivoref

Diet 2:

folivoref

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-09-01 05:07:24

Modified:

2005-09-01 08:24:50

Source: s = species, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Legendre 1988, Benton 1996

Age range: base of the MP 13 to the top of the Late/Upper Eocene or 48.60000 to 33.90000 Ma

Collections (23 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Oise)	P. sp. (68174)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Aude)	P. sp. (182641)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	Belgium (Hainaut)	P. maldani (87947)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Hérault)	P. eulaliensis (181563)
Ypresian - Lutetian	56.0 - 41.3	France (Occitanie)	P. livinierensis (195457)
Ypresian - Lutetian	56.0 - 41.3	France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region)	P. sp., P. ruscassierensis (31717)
Ypresian - Lutetian	56.0 - 41.3	France (Languedoc-Roussillon)	P. duvali (182519)
MP 11 - MP 12	48.6 - 40.4	United Kingdom (England)	P. boixedatensis (41849)
MP 13 - MP 14	48.6 - 40.4	France (Quercy)	P. sp. (36875)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Spain (Zamora)	P. sp. (41073)
Lutetian - Bartonian	47.8 - 38.0	Switzerland (Baselland)	P. sp. (31723)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	France (Aude)	P. duvali (78254)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region)	P. sp. (183350) P. sp., P. gaytei (31736)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	Switzerland (Baselland)	P. sp. (31721 31722)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region)	P. bretovensis (12840)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	France (Herault)	P. duvali (78252)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region Region)	P. garimondi (31756)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region)	P. garimondi (31760)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	France (Herault)	P. sp., P. duvali, P. cesserasicus (78248)
MP 18	37.2 - 33.9	Spain (Basque County)	P. zambranensis (38817)
MP 18 - MP 19	37.2 - 33.9	France	P. lavocati (184091)