PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Phenacodus vortmani

Mammalia - Phenacodontidae

Taxonomy

Hyracotherium vortmani was named by Cope (1880).

It was recombined as Phenacodus wortmani by Cope (1882); it was recombined as Trispondylus vortmani by Cope (1884); it was recombined as Phenacodus vortmani by Cope (1881), Hay (1902), Granger (1915), Thewissen (1990), Rose et al. (2012).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

P. teilhardi

Synonyms

Phenacodus almiensis was named by Gazin (1942). Its type locality is Buckman Hollow, which is in a Clarkforkian terrestrial claystone in the Wasatch Formation of Wyoming.

It was synonymized subjectively with Phenacodus vortmani by West (1976), Thewissen (1990).
Phenacodus apternus was named by Cope (1882).

It was synonymized subjectively with Phenacodus vortmani by Granger (1915), Thewissen (1990).
Phenacodus copei was named by Granger (1915).

It was synonymized subjectively with Phenacodus vortmani by Guthrie (1967), Delson (1971), West (1976), Bown (1979), Thewissen (1990).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1880	Hyracotherium vortmani Cope p. 747
1881	Phenacodus vortmani Cope p. 199
1882	Phenacodus wortmani Cope p. 179
1882	Phenacodus apternus Cope p. 180
1884	Trispondylus vortmani Cope p. 900
1902	Phenacodus vortmani Hay p. 605
1915	Phenacodus copei Granger
1915	Phenacodus vortmani Granger
1942	Phenacodus almiensis Gazin
1990	Phenacodus vortmani Thewissen
2012	Phenacodus vortmani Rose et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()

Rank	Name	Author
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
—	Phenacodonta
family	Phenacodontidae	Cope 1881
genus	Phenacodus
species	vortmani	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Phenacodus vortmani Cope 1880

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Invalid names: Phenacodus almiensis Gazin 1942 [synonym], Phenacodus apternus Cope 1882 [synonym], Phenacodus copei Granger 1915 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

herbivoref

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 14:04:22

Modified:

2011-04-24 18:24:26

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Ji et al. 2002, Archibald 1998, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Paleocene to the top of the Early/Lower Eocene or 58.70000 to 48.60000 Ma

Collections (198 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Ti5	61.7 - 56.8	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus vortmani (46655)
Tiffanian	61.7 - 56.8	USA (Colorado)	Phenacodus vortmani (14935 14943)
Tiffanian	61.7 - 56.8	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus bisonensis (14988) Phenacodus vortmani (15007 15049 15058 53059 85096 190403 190418 190419 190435 190438 190441 190443 190457 190462 190463 190468 190470 190481)
Tiffanian - Clarkforkian	61.7 - 54.9	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus vortmani (15035)
Late/Upper Paleocene	58.7 - 55.8	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus vortmani (188220)
Late/Upper Paleocene - Early/Lower Eocene	58.7 - 48.6	USA (California)	Phenacodus vortmani (224216)
Cf1	56.2 - 54.9	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus vortmani (46649)
Clarkforkian	56.2 - 54.9	USA (Colorado)	Phenacodus vortmani (15233 15237 15239 15241 15245 15248 15252 15254 15255 15258 15344 15346)
Clarkforkian	56.2 - 54.9	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus almiensis (15075) Phenacodus sp. (15199) Phenacodus vortmani (15077 15084 15092 15097 15098 15102 15115 15116 15124 15132 15141 15142 15143 15147 15152 15156 15161 15165 15172 15181 15190 15191 15210 15213 164515 190431 190434 190455)
Graybullian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus vortmani (15701)
Lostcabinian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus vortmani (15915 15917 15930 15997 16000 16073)
Lysitean	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Colorado)	Phenacodus vortmani (15653)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus intermedius (15759) Phenacodus vortmani (15456 15458 15467 15468 15491 15505 15507 15509 15510 15512 15514 15516 15520 15524 15538 15541 15543 15544 15547 15548 15550 15551 15552 15553 15554 15555 15556 15557 15558 15559 15563 15564 15566 15567 15575 15576 15578 15587 15588 15589 15590 15592 15619 15648 15683 15687 15692 15694 15702 15703 15707 15729 15839 15852 15889 15912 15933 15934 15942 15959 15963 15964 16055 46636 46643 46647 46657 46659 46682 46683 46685 46692 46693 46694 46696 46699 46700 46704 46705 46707 46734 46741 46742 46746 46749 46754 46759 46768 46792 46794 46803 46807 46808 46809 46810 46811 46812 46813 46814 46819 46820 46830 46847 46849 46851)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Colorado)	Phenacodus matthewi (15480 15887) Phenacodus vortmani (15225 15279 15350 15385 15650)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	Mexico (Baja California)	Phenacodus vortmani (15671)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (New Mexico)	Phenacodus vortmani (15439)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus vortmani (15679 15680 15684 15685 15700 154255)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Wyoming)	Phenacodus vortmani (16207)