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Plithocyon barstowensis

Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae

Taxonomy
Hemicyon barstowensis was named by Frick (1926). Its type specimen is AMNH 20810, a partial skull (left maxillary fragment with P4-M1 associated with portion right mandible with alveolus c, alveolus p1, p2-m2, and portion left mandible m1-m3), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Plithocyon barstowensis by Hunt (1998).

Synonyms
  • Hemicyon californicus was named by Frick (1926). Its type specimen is AMNH 20827, a mandible (anterior portion of left ramus containing p4 (broken), m1 (broken), m2, and alveoli of canine, p1, p2 and p3), and it is a 3D body fossil.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Hemicyon barstowensis by Tedford et al. (1987); it was synonymized subjectively with Plithocyon barstowensis by Hunt (1998).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1926Hemicyon barstowensis Frick p. 27 figs. 1A and 1B (in part), 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 12A
1926Hemicyon californicus Frick p. 34 figs. 12B and 12C
1998Plithocyon barstowensis Hunt, Jr.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
suborderCaniformiaKretzoi 1943
infraorderCanoidea(Simpson 1931)
superfamilyArctoideaFlower 1869
—Ursida
superfamilyUrsoideaFischer de Waldheim 1817
familyUrsidaeGray 1825
subfamilyHemicyoninae
genusPlithocyonGinsburg 1955
speciesbarstowensis()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Invalid names: Hemicyon californicus Frick 1926 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
C. Frick 1926 (Hemicyon californicus)Large size; m2 relatively short compared to m1, as in H. barstowensis versus H. ursinus; anterior-posterior diameter of teeth averaging 17% greater than in H. barstowensis type specimen.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: herbivoref
Diet 2: carnivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:10
Modified: 2005-08-22 19:31:30
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988

Age range: Barstovian or 16.30000 to 12.50000 Ma

Collections: one only


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (California) Plithocyon barstowensis (19364)