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Procyon lotor (raccoon)

Osteichthyes - Carnivora - Procyonidae

Taxonomy
Ursus lotor was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant.

It was recombined as Procyon lotor by Leidy (1860), Hay (1902), Thomas (1911), Wilson (1967), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Hulbert and Pratt (1998), Marmi et al. (2004), Albright et al. (2019), Eshelman et al. (2025).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
P. psora, P. cancrivorous
Entered
by J. Alroy on 2003-01-23; modified by M. Uhen on 2013-10-27

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Ursus lotor Linnaeus p. 48
1848Procyon priscus Leconte p. 106
1860Procyon lotor Leidy p. 115
1902Procyon lotor Hay p. 764
1902Procyon priscus Hay p. 765
1906Procyon simus Gidley
1911Procyon lotor Thomas p. 140
1929Procyon nanus Simpson
1967Procyon lotor Wilson p. 211
1980Procyon lotor Kurten and Anderson p. 175
1998Procyon lotor Hulbert, Jr. and Pratt
2004Procyon lotor Marmi et al. p. 489 figs. Fig. 2
2019Procyon lotor Albright et al. p. 177
2025Procyon lotor Eshelman et al. p. 129

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—Pancarnivora
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
suborderCaniformiaKretzoi 1943
infraorderCanoidea(Simpson 1931)
superfamilyArctoideaFlower 1869
—Mustelida
familyProcyonidaeGray 1825
subfamilyProcyoninaeGray 1825
tribeProcyoniniGray 1825
genusProcyonStorr 1780
specieslotor()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Procyon lotor Linnaeus 1758 [raccoon]
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Invalid names: Procyon nanus Simpson 1929 [synonym], Procyon priscus Leconte 1848 [synonym], Procyon simus Gidley 1906 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean

Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialg
Diet: omnivoreg
Diet 2: carnivoreg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2009-01-04 14:26:08
Modified: 2011-04-24 20:58:08
Source: g = genus, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979, Van Valkenburgh 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Calabrian to the top of the Holocene or 1.80000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (81 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Blancan4.7 - 1.4USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (98320)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (98313)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Procyon lotor (65405)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (227368)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Mexico (Jalisco) Procyon lotor (20285)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (Tennessee) Procyon lotor (74240 74246)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (Illinois) Procyon priscus (87059)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0USA (West Virginia) Procyon lotor (79660)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774USA (Florida) Procyon sp. (20400)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (West Virginia) Procyon lotor (20555)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Arkansas) Procyon lotor (20290)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (20289 20520)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Kansas) Procyon lotor (20390)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Virginia) Procyon lotor (104662)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (South Carolina) Procyon lotor (79757 206993)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (Texas) Procyon lotor (225289)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014Mexico (Sonora) Procyon lotor (20495)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (20440 20491 195112)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (California) Procyon lotor (192633)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (West Virginia) Procyon lotor (93332 123868)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Texas) Procyon lotor (93103)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Alberta) Procyon lotor (20615)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (20636 20647 20653)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Missouri) Procyon lotor (93379)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (154921) Procyon lotor, Procyon nanus (154771)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Idaho) Procyon lotor (20569)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Procyon lotor (82258 103991 104709 104758 124089)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Texas) Procyon lotor (93527)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) Procyon lotor (13066)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (34269 74292 154804 154805)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) Procyon lotor (20604 20613)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Michigan) Procyon lotor (200485)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Tennessee) Procyon lotor (63425 63427)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Procyon lotor (154722)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Procyon lotor (93250)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Procyon lotor (155393)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0USA (Virginia) Procyon lotor (104034 104044 104672 104684 104689 104691)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0USA (Tennessee) Procyon lotor (63429)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0USA (Missouri) Procyon lotor (63563 63565 63567 63568 63569 63570 63571)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Virginia) Procyon lotor (104675 104690)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Panama Procyon lotor (21691)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Arizona) Procyon lotor (233123)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Texas) Procyon simus (79584)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Quebec) Procyon lotor (221970 224189)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Ohio) Procyon lotor (195062 195066 195067 195069)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Ontario) Procyon lotor (221863)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Georgia) Procyon lotor (152113)