PBDB Taxon

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Protoreodon pumilus

Mammalia - Agriochoeridae

Taxonomy

Agriochoerus pumilus was named by Marsh (1875). Its type specimen is YPM 11890, a partial skeleton (Lower jaw fragments with Mi and portions of M2 and M3 from right side and M2 from left, including also various other skeletal fragments), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Eomeryx pumilus by Marsh (1894); it was misspelled as Eomeryx pumilis by Hay (1902) and Lander (1998); it was recombined as Protoreodon pumilus by Scott and Osborn (1887), Thorpe (1937), Gazin (1955), Golz (1976), Theodor (1999) and Lofgren et al. (2020).

Synonyms

Mesagriochoerus primus was named by Peterson (1934). Its type specimen is CM 11893, a partial skull (Portion of skull and jaws), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Protoreodon primus by Gazin (1955); it was synonymized subjectively with Protoreodon annectens by Lander (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Protoreodon pumilus by Wilson (1971), Golz (1976) and Theodor (1999).
Protagriochoerus annectens was named by Scott (1899). It is the type species of Protagriochoerus.

It was recombined as Protoreodon annectens by Kelly et al. (1991) and Lander (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Protoreodon pumilus by Gazin (1955), Wilson (1971), Golz (1976) and Theodor (1999).
Protoreodon medius was named by Peterson (1919). Its type specimen is C. M. No. 2962, a partial skeleton (greater portion of the skeleton), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Myton Pocket, which is in an Uintan terrestrial horizon in the Uinta Formation of Utah.

It was synonymized subjectively with Protoreodon annectens by Lander (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Protoreodon pumilus by Gazin (1955), Wilson (1971) and Theodor (1999).
Protoreodon tardus was named by Scott (1945) [said to belong to a new genus by Lander 1998]. Its type locality is Beaver Divide Locality 8 (Lower), which is in an Uintan terrestrial horizon in the Wiggins Formation of Wyoming.

It was synonymized subjectively with Protoreodon annectens by Kelly et al. (1991); it was synonymized subjectively with Protoreodon pumilus by Gazin (1955), Wilson (1971), Emry (1975) and Theodor (1999).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1875	Agriochoerus pumilus Marsh p. 250
1887	Protoreodon pumilus Scott and Osborn
1894	Eomeryx pumilus Marsh p. 266 fig. 18
1899	Protagriochoerus annectens Scott
1902	Protagriochoerus annectens Hay p. 662
1902	Eomeryx pumilis Hay p. 665
1919	Protoreodon medius Peterson p. 82
1919	Protagriochoerus annectens Peterson p. 86
1934	Mesagriochoerus primus Peterson
1937	Protoreodon medius Thorpe p. 33
1937	Protoreodon pumilus Thorpe p. 37 figs. Figs. 13-15
1945	Protoreodon tardus Scott
1955	Protoreodon primus Gazin
1955	Protoreodon pumilus Gazin
1976	Protoreodon pumilus Golz
1991	Protoreodon annectens Kelly et al.
1998	Agriochoerus pumilus Lander
1998	Protoreodon annectens Lander
1998	Protoreodon tardus Lander
1999	Protoreodon pumilus Theodor p. 1180
2020	Protoreodon pumilus Lofgren et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Artiodactylamorpha
—	Artiodactyla	()
—	Ruminantiamorpha
—	Ruminantia	(Scopoli 1777)
family	Agriochoeridae
genus	Protoreodon
species	pumilus	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Protoreodon pumilus Marsh 1875

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Invalid names: Mesagriochoerus primus Peterson 1934 [synonym], Protagriochoerus annectens Scott 1899 [synonym], Protoreodon medius Peterson 1919 [synonym], Protoreodon tardus Scott 1945 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

scansorialf

Diet:

herbivoref

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 14:36:06

Modified:

2005-08-31 16:36:06

Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Lander 1998, Nowak 1999, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Uintan to the top of the Duchesnean or 46.20000 to 37.00000 Ma

Collections (42 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Texas)	Protoreodon pumilus (16614)
Late/Upper Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Montana)	Protoreodon pumilus (16584)
Late/Upper Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	Canada (Saskatchewan)	Protoreodon pumilus (16626)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Wyoming)	Protoreodon pumilus (16522 16524 16644 16645) Protoreodon tardus (16525)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Texas)	Protoreodon pumilus (16534 16536 16546 16624)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (California)	Protoreodon annectens (16789) Protoreodon pumilus (16591 16611 16786 16790 16791 16793)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Utah)	Mesagriochoerus primus (16555) Protoreodon medius (16646 16654) Protoreodon medius, Protoreodon pumilus (16607) Protoreodon primus (16594) Protoreodon pumilus (16531 16589 16593)
Late/Upper Uintan - Duchesnean	46.2 - 37.0	USA (Montana)	Protoreodon pumilus (230860)
Uintan - Duchesnean	46.2 - 37.0	USA (New Mexico)	Protoreodon pumilus (16883)
Uintan - Duchesnean	46.2 - 37.0	USA (California)	Protoreodon pumilus (16800 16801)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (California)	Protoreodon annectens (16844)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (Montana)	Protoreodon pumilus (16854)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (Texas)	Protoreodon pumilus (16830 16831 16832 16833 16834 16835 16849 16856)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	USA (Arkansas)	Protoreodon pumilus (16549)