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Erignathus (bearded seal)
Taxonomy
Erignathus was named by Gill (1866). It is extant. Its type is Erignathus barbatus.
It was reranked as Phoca (Erignathus) by Newton (1891), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Friant (1947).
It was assigned to Phocidae by Allen (1902), Kellogg (1922); to Phoca by Newton (1891), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Friant (1947); to Phocini by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Erignathini by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Burns and Fay (1970), Muizon (1981), Muizon (1982), Koretsky (2001), Davis et al. (2004), Berta et al. (2018); and to Phocinae by Gill (1866), Allen (1880), Hay (1930), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Riedman (1990), Rice (1998), Berta (2002), Koretsky and Holec (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Berta (2009), Berta (2018), Kienle and Berta (2019).
It was reranked as Phoca (Erignathus) by Newton (1891), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Friant (1947).
It was assigned to Phocidae by Allen (1902), Kellogg (1922); to Phoca by Newton (1891), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Friant (1947); to Phocini by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Erignathini by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Burns and Fay (1970), Muizon (1981), Muizon (1982), Koretsky (2001), Davis et al. (2004), Berta et al. (2018); and to Phocinae by Gill (1866), Allen (1880), Hay (1930), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Riedman (1990), Rice (1998), Berta (2002), Koretsky and Holec (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Berta (2009), Berta (2018), Kienle and Berta (2019).
Species
E. barbatus (syn. Phoca nautica) (type species)
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1866 | Erignathus Gill |
| 1880 | Erignathus Allen p. 654 |
| 1891 | Phoca (Erignathus) Newton p. 19 |
| 1898 | Phoca (Erignathus) Trouessart p. 383 |
| 1902 | Erignathus Allen |
| 1904 | Phoca (Erignathus) Trouessart p. 285 |
| 1922 | Erignathus Kellogg p. 116 |
| 1930 | Erignathus Hay p. 564 |
| 1947 | Phoca (Erignathus) Friant p. 7 |
| 1963 | Erignathus Scheffer and Rice p. 3 |
| 1970 | Erignathus Burns and Fay p. 390 figs. Fig. 3 |
| 1980 | Erignathus Kurten and Anderson p. 206 |
| 1981 | Erignathus Muizon p. 135 |
| 1982 | Erignathus Muizon p. 205 |
| 1990 | Erignathus Riedman p. 57 figs. Table 2 |
| 1997 | Erignathus McKenna and Bell p. 258 |
| 1998 | Erignathus Rice |
| 2001 | Erignathus Koretsky p. 86 |
| 2002 | Erignathus Berta p. 923 |
| 2002 | Erignathus Koretsky and Holec p. 175 |
| 2003 | Erignathus Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3 |
| 2004 | Erignathus Davis et al. p. 365 |
| 2009 | Erignathus Berta p. 863 |
| 2018 | Erignathus Berta p. 715 figs. Fig. 3C |
| 2018 | Erignathus Berta et al. p. 210 figs. Fig. 2 |
| 2019 | Erignathus Kienle and Berta |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Erignathus Gill 1866 [bearded seal]
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Erignathus barbatus Erxleben 1777 [bearded seal]
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Invalid names: Phoca nautica Pallas 1811 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
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| Source: f = family, c = class, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carreño and Cronin 1993, Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Gingerich 2003 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Rancholabrean to the top of the Holocene or 0.21000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.129 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.129 Ma
Collections (91 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pleistocene | North Atlantic | Erignathus barbatus (53895) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Alaska) | Erignathus barbatus (81910) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | United Kingdom (Norfolk) | Erignathus barbata (49816) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | United Kingdom (England) | Phoca barbata (58419) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (South Carolina) | Erignathus barbatus (79753) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Alaska) | Erignathus barbatus (81689 81690 240422) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | North Atlantic | Erignathus barbatus (81824) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Netherlands | Erignathus barbatus (82533) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Norway | Erignathus barbatus (227340) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Ontario) | Erignathus barbatus (51026) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Nunavut) | Erignathus barbatus (81692) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Maine) | Erignathus barbatus (66337 96871) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Sweden | Erignathus barbatus (81815 81817 81818 81819 81821 81822 81823) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Quebec) | Erignathus barbatus (51017 81691) | |
| Holocene | Russian Federation | Erignathus barbados (175941 175942) Erignathus barbatus (168671 175940) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Erignathus barbados (175957) Erignathus barbatus (228492 228921 228924 228926) | |
| Holocene | USA (Alaska) | Erignathus barbados (175948 175950 175951 175954 175955 175956) Erignathus barbatus (90097 161613 168670) | |
| Holocene | Iceland | Erignathus barbatus (168668) | |
| Holocene | Greenland | Erignathus barbados (175995) Erignathus barbatus (162545 162641 175985 227875 227877 229885 229938 229939 229940 229942 229943 230120) | |
| Holocene | Greenland (Qeqertasussuk) | Erignathus barbatus (187755) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Newfoundland) | Erignathus barbatus (228844) | |
| Holocene | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | Erignathus barbatus (168669) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Erignathus barbatus (51005 168667 228766 228861) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Yukon) | Erignathus barbatus (228443) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Nunavut) | Erignathus barbados (175960 175962 175963 175964 175965 175966 175967) Erignathus barbatos (175975 175976) Erignathus barbatus (160848 175973 175974 228756 228757 228765 228896 228897 228898 228899 228919 228920 228927 228928 229256 229489) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Manitoba) | Erignathus barbatus (229538) | |
| Holocene | USA (Massachusetts) | Erignathus barbatus (90100) |