PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Pteridopsida

Taxonomy

Pteridopsida was named by Ritgen (1828). It is extant.

It was assigned to Pteridophyta by Doweld (2001).

Sister taxa

Filicales, Marsileales

Synonyms

Filicophyceae is a class.

It was replaced with Filicopsida by Kenrick and Crane (1997).
Filicopsida was named by Pfefferkorn (1976).

It was synonymized subjectively with Pteridopsida by Doweld (2001).

It was assigned to Tracheophyta by McIver and Basinger (1993); to Moniliformopses by Kenrick and Crane (1997); and to Pteridophyta by Lapasha and Miller (1985), McLoughlin et al. (1995), Mabberley (2000) and Cladera et al. (2007).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1828	Pteridopsida Ritgen p. 63
1976	Filicopsida Pfefferkorn
1985	Filicopsida Lapasha and Miller
1993	Filicopsida McIver and Basinger
1995	Filicopsida McLoughlin et al.
1997	Filicopsida Kenrick and Crane
2000	Filicopsida Mabberley
2001	Pteridopsida Doweld p. xvi
2007	Filicopsida Cladera et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Plantae
phylum	Pteridophyta

Rank	Name	Author
class	Pteridopsida	Ritgen 1828
class	Pteridopsida	Ritgen 1828

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. Pteridopsida Ritgen 1828

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G. †Achradosporis Srivastava 1975

†Achradosporis lurensis Ruiz and Quattrocchio 1997

G. †Apiculatasporites Ibrahim 1933

†Apiculatasporites caperatus Menendez and Azcuy 1969

†Apiculatasporites cingulatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001

†Apiculatasporites obscurus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001

†Apiculatasporites plicatus Visscher 1966

G. †Chelepteris Corda 1845

†Chelepteris voltzii Schimper and Mougeot 1844

G. †Choffatia Saporta 1894

†Choffatia francheti Saporta 1894

G. †Cingulatisporites Thomson et al. 1953

†Cingulatisporites cavus Delcourt and Sprumont 1955

†Cingulatisporites distaverrucosus Brenner 1963

†Cingulatisporites euskirchensoides Delcourt and Sprumont 1955

†Cingulatisporites floridus Balme 1957

†Cingulatisporites kashmiriensis Ghosh and Lukose 1967

†Cingulatisporites lathiensis Srivastava 1966

†Cingulatisporites levispeciosus Pflug 1953

†Cingulatisporites notaclarus Sah and Jain 1965

†Cingulatisporites ornatus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964

†Cingulatisporites paradoxus Cookson and Dettmann 1958

†Cingulatisporites problematicus Couper 1958

†Cingulatisporites psilatus Maryland 1960

†Cingulatisporites recticingulus Brenner 1963

†Cingulatisporites simplex Cookson and Dettmann 1958

†Cingulatisporites tavaredensis Groot and Groot 1962

G. †Clavatisporites Kedves and Simoncsics 1964

†Clavatisporites mutisii Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001

Invalid names: Clavatriletes mutisi Sarmiento 1992 [replaced], Triletes mutisi Van der Hammen 1954 [synonym]

G. †Clavatriletes Herbst 1975

G. †Cyathidites Couper 1953

†Cyathidites asper Dettmann 1963

†Cyathidites australis Couper 1953

†Cyathidites concavus Dettmann 1963

†Cyathidites congoensis Sah 1967

†Cyathidites crassiangulatus Balme 1957

†Cyathidites cutchensis Singh et al. 1964

†Cyathidites flavatus Venkatachala et al. 1968

†Cyathidites ghuneriensis Singh et al. 1964

†Cyathidites grandis Singh et al. 1964

†Cyathidites harbourensis Mathur and Chopra 1982

†Cyathidites jurassicus Kar and Sah 1970

†Cyathidites kashmirensis Thiergart and Frantz 1962

†Cyathidites medicus Sah and Jain 1965

†Cyathidites mesozoicus Potonié 1956

†Cyathidites minor Couper 1953

Invalid names: Leiotriletes garoensis Baksi 1962 [synonym]

†Cyathidites paleospora Alley and Broadbridge 1992

†Cyathidites patagonicus Archangelsky 1972

†Cyathidites pseudopunctatus Singh et al. 1964

†Cyathidites pulchellus Cao 1994

†Cyathidites punctatus Delcourt et al. 1963

†Cyathidites rafaeli Burger 1980

†Cyathidites rajmahalensis Sah and Jain 1965

†Cyathidites trilobatus Sah and Jain 1965

G. †Deltoidospora Miner 1935

†Deltoidospora africana Sah 1967

†Deltoidospora australis Pocock 1970

†Deltoidospora balinkaense Frederinksen 1983

†Deltoidospora diaphana Wilson and Webster 1946

†Deltoidospora grandis Mathur and Chopra 1982

†Deltoidospora halli Miner 1945

†Deltoidospora hallii Miner 1935

†Deltoidospora inconspicua Martin 1973

†Deltoidospora juncta Singh 1964

†Deltoidospora junctum Singh 1964

†Deltoidospora mesozoica Schuurman 1977

†Deltoidospora microlepioides Wang 1981

†Deltoidospora minor Pocock 1970

†Deltoidospora nana Burger 1966

†Deltoidospora neddeni Plufg 1953

†Deltoidospora pseudoreticulata Singh et al. 1964

†Deltoidospora psilostoma Rouse 1959

†Deltoidospora tenuis Lima 1978

†Deltoidospora toralis Lund 1977

†Deltoidospora triangularis Sah and Jain 1965

G. †Echinatisporis Krutzsch 1959

†Echinatisporis brevispinosus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001

†Echinatisporis longechinus Krutzsch 1959

†Echinatisporis varispinosus Srivastava 1975

G. †Foveasporis Krutzsch 1959

†Foveasporis areapunctatis Stuchlik 1981

G. †Granulatisporites Potonié and Kremp 1954

†Granulatisporites dailyi Cookson and Dettmann 1958

†Granulatisporites granifer Leschik 1955

†Granulatisporites orbicularis Potonié and Lele 1961

†Granulatisporites parvus Potonié and Kremp 1954

†Granulatisporites varigranifer Menendez and Azcuy 1971

G. †Grapnelispora Stover and Partridge 1984

†Grapnelispora evansii Stover and Partridge 1984

†Grapnelispora loncochensis Papu 1997

G. †Interlobulites Philips 1971

G. †Ischyosporites Balme 1957

†Ischyosporites areapunctatis Barreda 1997

†Ischyosporites arkellii Batten 1970

†Ischyosporites crateris Balme 1957

†Ischyosporites granulosus Tralau 1968

†Ischyosporites gremius Stover 1973

†Ischyosporites irregularis Sah and Jain 1965

†Ischyosporites problematicus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001

†Ischyosporites punctatus Cookson and Dettmann 1958

†Ischyosporites scaberis Cookson and Dettmann 1958

†Ischyosporites variegatus Schultz 1967

†Ischyosporites volkheimeri Filatoff 1975

G. †Kirchheimerisporites Kedves 1995

†Kirchheimerisporites tenuiradiatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001

G. †Leiotriletes Potonie and Kremp 1954

†Leiotriletes adnatoides Potonié and Kremp 1954

†Leiotriletes bankolensis Bharadwaj and Salujha 1964

†Leiotriletes crassus Naumova 1949

†Leiotriletes dehiscensis Baksi 1962

†Leiotriletes erectus Kar 1968

†Leiotriletes gracilis Menéndez 1965

†Leiotriletes leiodorogensis Krutzsch 1959

†Leiotriletes microadriennis Krutzsch 1959

†Leiotriletes petilus Menendez and Azcuy 1971

†Leiotriletes politus Love 1960

†Leiotriletes regularis Krutzsch 1959

†Leiotriletes sphaerotriangulus Potonie and Kremp 1954

†Leiotriletes vimalii Ghosh 1969

†Leiotriletes virkkii Biswas 1962

G. †Lepidodendrites Fliche 1906

†Lepidodendrites tessellata Schimper and Mougeot 1844

G. †Marattisporites Couper 1958

†Marattisporites longiletus Mathur and Mathur 1969

†Marattisporites scabratus Couper 1958

G. †Matonisporites Couper 1958

†Matonisporites cooksonae Dettmann 1963

†Matonisporites cooksoniae Dettmann 1963

†Matonisporites cooksonii Dettman 1963

†Matonisporites crassiangulatus Levet-Carette 1964

†Matonisporites equiexinus Couper 1958

†Matonisporites excavatus Brenner 1963

†Matonisporites kutchensis Venkatachala 1968

†Matonisporites ornamentalis Partridge 1973

†Matonisporites phlebopteroides Couper 1958

†Matonisporites silvai Lima 1979

†Matonisporites simplex Deak 1964

G. †Monolites Cookson and Potonié 1956

†Monolites alveolatus Couper 1969

†Monolites grandis Sukh-Dev 1961

†Monolites intragranulosus Singh et al. 1964

†Monolites major Cookson 1947

†Monolites mawkmaensis Sah and Dutta 1966

†Monolites minor Cookson 1947

G. †Osmundacidites Couper 1953

†Osmundacidites ciliatus Sah 1967

†Osmundacidites comaumensis Balme 1957

†Osmundacidites dizii Volkheimer 1972

†Osmundacidites dubius Burger 1980

†Osmundacidites formosus Sah and Jain 1965

†Osmundacidites indicus Singh et al. 1964

†Osmundacidites kutchensis Sah and Kar 1964

†Osmundacidites microgranifer Sah and Jain 1965

†Osmundacidites minor Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001

†Osmundacidites minutus Sah and Jain 1965

†Osmundacidites mollis Dettman 1963

†Osmundacidites panchetensis Kar 1970

†Osmundacidites senectus Balme 1963

†Osmundacidites wellmani Couper 1953

†Osmundacidites wellmanii Couper 1953

†Osmundacidites wellmannii Reyre 1973

G. †Pteridacidites Sah 1967

G. †Scabramonoletes Van der Hammen

†Scabramonoletes microreticuloides Ramanujam 1967

G. †Todisporites Couper 1958

†Todisporites cinctus Orlowska-Zwolinska 1971

†Todisporites crassus Sukh-Dev 1961

†Todisporites flavatus Sah and Kar 1969

†Todisporites granulatus Tralau 1968

†Todisporites kutchensis Sah and Kar 1969

†Todisporites major Couper 1953

†Todisporites minor Couper 1953

†Todisporites plicatus Sah and Kar 1969

G. †Triletes Reinsch 1881

†Triletes bokarensis Srivastava 1953

†Triletes elongatus Trivedi 1953

†Triletes papillarius Trivedi 1953

†Triletes permagnus der Hammen 1954

†Triletes pilosa Cookson 1947

†Triletes punctatus Trivedi 1953

G. †Triloboxylon Matten and Banks 1966

†Triloboxylon ashlandicum Matten and Banks 1966

G. †Waltzispora Staplin 1960

Invalid names: Filicopsida Pfefferkorn 1976 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Vendian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 635.00000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 541.0 Ma

Collections (2131 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Vendian	635.0 - 541.0	Russian Federation (Komi republic)	Striatella coriacea (235259)
Vendian	635.0 - 541.0	Russian Federation (Tverskaya oblast)	Striatella coriacea (235330)
Silurian	443.8 - 419.2	Norway (Svalbard)	Leiotriletes parvus, Granulatisporites muninensis (20839)
Early/Lower Emsian	409.1 - 402.5	Germany (Gemuenden)	Leiotriletes atavus, Leiotriletes simplex, Leiotriletes sp., Leiotriletes sphaerotriangulus, Granulatisporites frustulentus, Granulatisporites sp. (26903)
Emsian - Eifelian	407.6 - 387.7	USA (Maine)	Deltoidospora sp. (10600)
Early/Lower Givetian	388.1 - 383.7	United Kingdom (Scotland)	Leiotriletes sp. (22773)
Givetian	387.7 - 382.7	United Kingdom (Scotland)	Triletes langii (22794)
Givetian	387.7 - 382.7	Colombia	Leiotriletes ornatus (35982)
Givetian	387.7 - 382.7	USA (New York)	Triloboxylon arnoldii (20781 21167)
Givetian - Early/Lower Frasnian	387.7 - 382.4	Belgium	Leiotriletes simplex, Leiotriletes laevis, Granulatisporites stockmansi (22904)
Givetian - Frasnian	387.7 - 372.2	Canada (Northwest Territories)	Leiotriletes dissimilis, Leiotriletes confertus, Leiotriletes marginalis, Leiotriletes microdeltoidus (23422)
Early/Lower Frasnian	383.7 - 382.4	USA (New York)	Triloboxylon ashlandicum (20854) Triloboxylon sp. (20873)
Middle Givetian	383.0 - 380.2	United Kingdom (Scotland)	Leiotriletes sp. (22763 22766 22770)
Frasnian	382.7 - 372.2	Canada (Quebec)	Apiculatasporites microconus (179176)
Late/Upper Devonian - Devonian	382.7 - 358.9	Canada (Alberta)	Leiotriletes sp. (23275)
Late/Upper Devonian - Carboniferous	382.7 - 298.9	Australia (Western Australia)	Granulatisporites frustulentus (23153)
Late/Upper Givetian - Early/Lower Frasnian	380.2 - 382.4	Australia (Western Australia)	Leiotriletes liebigensis (23194 23199 23201 23265 23267 23268 23269 23272)
Late/Upper Frasnian	379.5 - 376.1	USA (New York)	Triloboxylon ashlandicum (20733)
Late/Upper Famennian - Tournaisian	364.7 - 346.7	Australia (Western Australia)	Granulatisporites frustulentus (23096 23146)
Kinderhookian	358.9 - 352.0	USA (Virginia)	Triphyllopteris uberis (21003 21008)